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  • National Academy of Sciences  (32)
  • PANGAEA  (7)
  • The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)  (7)
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  • 1
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    Coccolithophore abundance and biometry in the South China Sea, 2014 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Jin, Xiaobo; Liu, Chuanlian; Poulton, Alex J; Dai, Minhan; Guo, X (2016): Coccolithophore responses to environmental variability in the South China Sea: species composition and calcite content. Biogeosciences, 13(16), 4843-4861, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4843-2016
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Description: Coccolithophore contributions to the global marine carbon cycle are regulated by the calcite content of their scales (coccoliths), and the relative cellular levels of photosynthesis and calcification. All three of these factors vary between coccolithophore species, and with response to the growth environment. Here, water samples were collected in the northern basin of the South China Sea (SCS) during summer 2014 in order to examine how environmental variability influenced species composition and cellular levels of calcite content. The vertical structure of the coccolithophore community was strongly regulated by mesoscale eddies. All living coccolithophores produced within the euphotic zone (1 % of surface irradiance), and Florisphaera profunda was a substantial coccolithophore and coccolith-calcite producer in the Deep Chlorophyll-a Maximum (DCM), especially in most oligotrophic anti-cyclonic eddy centers. Placolith-bearing coccolithophores, plus F. profunda, and other larger and numerically rare species made almost equal contributions to coccolith-based calcite in the water column. For Emiliania huxleyi biometry measurements, coccolith size positively correlated with nutrients, and it is suggested that coccolith length is influenced by nutrient and light related growth rates. However, larger sized coccoliths were related to low pH and calcite saturation, although it is not a simple cause and effect relationship. Genotypic or ecophenotypic variation may also be linked to coccolith size variation.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Distal shield length, coccosphere diameter and number of coccoliths per coccosphere of Emiliania huxleyi in the South China Sea, 2014 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Keywords: Coccoliths per coccosphere; Coccosphere, diameter; CTD; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; D9; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Emiliania huxleyi, distal shield, length; Event label; F1; Latitude of event 2; Longitude of event; Sample code/label; SCS_D9; SCS_F1; SCS_G2; SCS_H3; SCS_I3; SCS_X3; SCS_X4; SCS_X5; South China Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 408 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Coccolithophore abundance in the South China Sea, 2014 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Keywords: Algirosphaera robusta; Calcidiscus leptoporus; Calciosolenia spp.; CTD; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; D9; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Discosphaera tubifer; Emiliania huxleyi; Event label; F1; Florisphaera profunda; Gephyrocapsa ericsonii; Gephyrocapsa oceanica; Gladiolithus flabellatus; Helicosphaera carteri; I6; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Michaelsarsia spp.; Oolithotus fragilis; Rhabdosphaera clavigera; Sample code/label; SCS_D9; SCS_F1; SCS_G2; SCS_H3; SCS_I1; SCS_I2; SCS_I3; SCS_I4; SCS_I5; SCS_I6; SCS_I7; SCS_J1; SCS_X3; SCS_X4; SCS_X5; South China Sea; Syracosphaera spp.; Umbellosphaera irregularis; Umbellosphaera tenuis; Umbilicosphaera sibogae
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1296 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Distal shield length of Emiliania huxleyi and corresponding water chemistry parameters in the South China Sea, 2014 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; CTD; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; D9; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Emiliania huxleyi, distal shield, length; Event label; F1; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Nitrate and Nitrite; pH; Phosphate; Saturation index; SCS_D9; SCS_F1; SCS_G2; SCS_H3; SCS_I1; SCS_I2; SCS_I3; SCS_I4; SCS_I7; SCS_X3; SCS_X4; SCS_X5; South China Sea; Standard deviation; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 232 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Coccolithophore-based calcite concentration in the South China Sea, 2014 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Keywords: Calcite; Coccoliths; Contribution; CTD; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; D9; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Event label; F1; I6; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; SCS_D9; SCS_F1; SCS_G2; SCS_H3; SCS_I1; SCS_I2; SCS_I3; SCS_I4; SCS_I5; SCS_I6; SCS_I7; SCS_X3; SCS_X4; SCS_X5; South China Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 520 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Early development of undulated surf clam, Paphia undulate under elevated pCO2 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Guo, X; Xu, Xiaowei; Zhang, Pengfei; Huang, M; Luo, Xuan; You, W; Ke, C (2016): Early development of undulated surf clam, Paphia undulate under elevated pCO2. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 484, 23-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2016.08.002
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Increasing atmospheric CO2 can decrease the seawater pH and carbonate ions, which may adversely affect the larval survival of calcareous animals. In this study, we simulated future atmospheric CO2 concentrations (800, 1500, 2000 and 3000 µatm) and examined the effects of ocean acidification on the embryonic and larval stage of an infaunal clam Paphia undulate. Significant decrease of hatching of P. undulate was observed when the pCO2 reached 3000 µatm, and larval deformation rate increased significantly when pCO2 reached 2000 µatm, indicating a strong tolerance to ocean acidification compared with the embryonic development of other bivalves. The larvae cultured in 1500 µatm pCO2 exhibited the fastest growth, highest survival and shortened planktonic period, which unordinary phenomenon reflected the beneficial effect of ocean acidification on P. undulate larval development. The better development of P. undulate larvae under a higher CO2 condition maybe an adaptation in response to the acidified sediment in which they live.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Development; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Hatching rate; Incubation duration; Laboratory experiment; Larval deformity rate; Metamorphosis rate; Mollusca; Mortality/Survival; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Paphia undulate; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Registration number of species; Replicate; Reproduction; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Shell increment; Shell length; Single species; Species; Survival; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5667 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Effects of ocean acidification caused by rising CO2 on the early development of three mollusks (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Guo, X; Huang, M; Pu, F; You, W; Ke, C (2015): Effects of ocean acidification caused by rising CO2 on the early development of three mollusks. Aquatic Biology, 23(2), 147-157, https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00615
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Increasing atmospheric CO2 can decrease seawater pH and carbonate ions, which may adversely affect the larval survival of calcareous animals. In this study, we simulated future atmospheric CO2 concentrations (800, 1500, 2000 and 3000 ppm) and examined the effects of ocean acidification on the early development of 3 mollusks (the abalones Haliotis diversicolor and H. discus hannai and the oyster Crassostrea angulata). We showed that fertilization rate, hatching rate, larval shell length, trochophore development, veliger survival and metamorphosis all decreased significantly at different pCO2 levels (except oyster hatching). H. discus hannai were more tolerant of high CO2 compared to H. diversicolor. At 2000 ppm CO2, 79.2% of H. discus hannai veliger larvae developed normally, but only 13.3% of H. diversicolor veliger larvae. Tolerance of C. angulata to ocean acidification was greater than the 2 abalone species; 50.5% of its D-larvae developed normally at 3000 ppm CO2. This apparent resistance of C. angulata to ocean acidification may be attributed to their adaptability to estuarine environments. Mechanisms underlying the resistance to ocean acidification of both abalones requires further investigation. Our results suggest that ocean acidification may decrease the yield of these 3 economically important shellfish if increasing CO2 is a future trend.
    Keywords: Abnormality; Abnormality, standard deviation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Crassostrea angulata; Development; Fertilization success rate; Fertilization success rate, standard deviation; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Haliotis discus hannai; Haliotis diversicolor; Hatching rate; Hatching rate, standard deviation; Laboratory experiment; Metamorphosis rate; Metamorphosis rate, standard deviation; Mollusca; Mortality/Survival; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Percentage; Percentage, standard deviation; pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Reproduction; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Shell length; Shell length, standard deviation; Single species; Species; Stage; Survival; Survival rate, standard deviation; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Time in hours; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3738 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Dynamics and mechanism of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer repair by DNA photolyase [Chemistry] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-07
    Description: Photolyase uses blue light to restore the major ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage, the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD), to two normal bases by splitting the cyclobutane ring. Our earlier studies showed that the overall repair is completed in 700 ps through a cyclic electron-transfer radical mechanism. However, the two fundamental processes, electron-tunneling pathways and cyclobutane ring splitting, were not resolved. Here, we use ultrafast UV absorption spectroscopy to show that the CPD splits in two sequential steps within 90 ps and the electron tunnels between the cofactor and substrate through a remarkable route with an intervening adenine. Site-directed mutagenesis reveals that the active-site residues are critical to achieving high repair efficiency, a unique electrostatic environment to optimize the redox potentials and local flexibility, and thus balance all catalytic reactions to maximize enzyme activity. These key findings reveal the complete spatio-temporal molecular picture of CPD repair by photolyase and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of the enzyme’s high repair efficiency.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    Pseudogene-derived small interference RNAs regulate gene expression in African Trypanosoma brucei [Evolution] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-18
    Description: Pseudogenes have been shown to acquire unique regulatory roles from more and more organisms. We report the observation of a cluster of siRNAs derived from pseudogenes of African Trypanosoma brucei using high through-put analysis. We show that these pseudogene-derived siRNAs suppress gene expression through RNA interference. The discovery that siRNAs may originate from pseudogenes and regulate gene expression in a unicellular eukaryote provides insights into the functional roles of pseudogenes and into the origin of noncoding small RNAs.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    Modulation of behavioral phase changes of the migratory locust by the catecholamine metabolic pathway [Agricultural Sciences] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-09
    Description: The migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, shows a striking phenotypic plasticity. It transitions between solitary and gregarious phases in response to population density changes. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the phase-dependent behavior changes remains elusive. Here we report a genome-wide gene expression profiling of gregarious and solitary nymphs at each stadium of the migratory locust, and we identified the most differentially expressed genes in the fourth stadium of the two phases. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the catecholamine metabolic pathway was the most significant pathway up-regulated in the gregarious phase. We found pale, henna, and vat1, involved in dopamine biosynthesis and synaptic release, were critical target genes related to behavioral phase changes in the locusts. The roles of these genes in mediating behavioral changes in the gregarious individuals were confirmed by RNAi and pharmacological intervention. A single injection of dopamine or its agonist initiated gregarious behavior. Moreover, continuous and multiple injections of a dopamine agonist coupled with crowding resulted in more pronounced gregarious behavior. Our study thus provides insights into the relationships between genes and behavior in phase transition of this important pest species.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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