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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A case of drug induced dizziness in a patient on anti-Parkinson drugs
    Medip Academy ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-02-22), p. 268-271
    Details
    In: International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Medip Academy, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-02-22), p. 268-271
    Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease, exceeded only by Alzheimer’s disease. Clinically, PD is characterized by resting tremor, rigidity (stiffness), bradykinesia (slowing), and gait dysfunction with postural instability. These are known as the classical or “cardinal” features of the disease. Levodopa remains the most effective symptomatic treatment for PD and the gold standard against which new therapies are compared. Levodopa is routinely administered in combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor to prevent its peripheral metabolism to dopamine and the development of nausea, vomiting, and orthostatic hypotension. The major concern with levodopa is that chronic levodopa treatment is associated with the development of motor complications, nausea and dizziness in the large majority of patients. We are here reporting a case of Syndopa plus (Levodopa+Carbidopa) induced dizziness in a 76 years old male patient on anti- parkinsonism treatment. The causality assessment was done by Naranjo scale. The causality of Syndopa plus in the case was “probable” as per Naranjo scale. The patient was managed by reducing the dose of Syndopa plus to the half of it’s initial dose. The case was recorded properly in adverse drug reaction reporting form and was sent to nearby ADR (adverse drug reaction) monitoring centre.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2279-0780 , 2319-2003
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20230400
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681376-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Immunosuppressive drugs in renal transplantation
    Medip Academy ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-02-22), p. 303-312
    Details
    In: International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Medip Academy, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-02-22), p. 303-312
    Abstract: A kidney transplant, sometimes known as a renal transplant, is the treatment of choice for kidney failure at end stage renal disease (ESRD). The renal transplant surgery is followed by a lifetime course of immunosuppressive agents, divided into initial induction phase and later maintenance phase. It is seen that the risk of acute rejection is maximum in the initial months after transplantation (induction phase) and then reduces later (maintenance phase). In induction phase there is use of high-intensity immunosuppression immediately after transplantation, when the risk of rejection is maximum and then the dose reduced for long- term therapy. The main challenge in the renal transplantation community is long- term transplant survival. Long-term graft loss is mainly due to acute and chronic graft rejection, and also due to complications of immunosuppressive therapy. Currently, there is triple therapy as conventional immunosuppressive protocol: a calcineurin inhibitor, an antimetabolite agent, and a corticosteroid. The main aim of development of new immunosuppressive agents is not only improvement of short- term outcomes but also to increase the long- term graft survival by less nephrotoxicity, and minimal side-effects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2279-0780 , 2319-2003
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20230405
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681376-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Utilization of vitamin A supplementation services in high priority districts of Bihar
    Medip Academy ; 2018
    In:  International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2018-01-24), p. 667-
    Details
    In: International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, Medip Academy, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2018-01-24), p. 667-
    Abstract: Background: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a major preventable public health problem. Prevalence of VAD in preschool children was 5.7% (India), and 4.5% (Bihar). India is implementing biannual Vitamin A Supplementation (VAS) since 2007 along with 80 other countries. VAS was originally proposed as a short term measure, followed by dietary improvement. Since vulnerability to VAD is more in high priority districts (HPDs), it was deemed worthwhile to study the extent to which VAS programme is utilized in the 10 HPDs of Bihar with respect to the processes involved and the ultimate outcome of empowering the community with knowledge and capacity to combat VAD on their own.Methods: Cross sectional observational study conducted in 6 randomly selected blocks and 5 session sites per block of the 10 HPDs. 300 sites sampled for processes and 893 caregivers interviewed for their knowledge.Results: Out of 300 sites, 269 sites found functional, 30.85% sites had due lists and 30.11% had MCP cards; 20.44% had adequate VA. IEC displayed at 52.78% and 71.3% sessions conducted in shade. In 79.55% sites efforts made to determine age of child before administration. Correct use of recommended spoon known to 80.66%, benefits of VA to 76.57% and diseases due to VAD to 81.7% of FLWs. Knowledge regarding VA good in 33.4% of caregivers, average in 35.5%, and poor in 30.9%.Conclusions: Crucial gaps found in necessary inputs and conduct of VAS. Community knowledge found lacking for sustainable programme withdrawal. Better programme management will improve utilization. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2394-6040 , 2394-6032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180248
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Uric acid levels in chronic kidney disease- a hospital based cross-sectional study in RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand
    Medip Academy ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Vol. 9, No. 2 ( 2021-01-29), p. 569-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, Medip Academy, Vol. 9, No. 2 ( 2021-01-29), p. 569-
    Abstract: Background: Uric acid is the final end product of purine metabolism and is excreted mainly by proximal tubules of the kidney. Raised uric acid levels may lead to proximal tubular injury, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and intra renal inflammation in patients with normal renal function. Uric acid has been deemed as an independent risk factor for progression of CKD. Aim was to study the uric acid levels in different stages of chronic kidney disease and its association with age, sex and other co-morbidities.Methods: 140 patients of chronic kidney disease admitted in RIMS, Ranchi were included in this study and their serum uric acid level were analyzed. Uric acid level more than 7 mg/dl was considered as hyperuricemia. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. Informed consent was taken from every patient included in the study.Results: Median age±SD was 55±13.47 years (IQR: 45,65; Range: 19-80). Mean±SD uric acid levels in stage 3 CKD was 4.4±1.9 mg/dl, stage 4 CKD was 6.5±4.1 mg/dl, stage 5 CKD was 8.8±3.1 mg/dl (p 〈 0.05). Females were 31.4% and males were 69.6%. Male to female ratio was 2.2:1. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 50% in females and 66.6% in males.Conclusions: Hyperuricemia is common among CKD patients and more common among males. Uric acid levels increase with progressive decline in eGFR. Monitoring and follow-up of such patients by may lead to delay in onset and progression of complications of CKD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2320-6012 , 2320-6071
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20210444
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Study of morbidity profile of elderly attending urban health training centre of Nalanda Medical College, Patna, Bihar, India
    Medip Academy ; 2018
    In:  International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health Vol. 5, No. 10 ( 2018-09-24), p. 4278-
    Details
    In: International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, Medip Academy, Vol. 5, No. 10 ( 2018-09-24), p. 4278-
    Abstract: Background: Ageing is the organic process of growing older and showing the effects of increasing. There is a tremendous increase in the number and proportions of the senescent population in our surrounding which created a situation of concern towards the problems of the aged population. The objective of the study was to assess the common diseases occurring among elderly population and the co-morbid conditions.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out among 383 elderly patients attending Urban Health Training Centre of Nalanda Medical College, Patna, Bihar. Their socio-demographic profile and morbidity pattern were assessed by face to face interview. Data were entered into Microsoft excel 2010 spread sheet and analysed by SPSS software version 16.Results: High percentage of elderly suffered from anemia which was 65.79% followed by urological problem which was present in 41.25% and 41.25% of elderly were underweight. Prevalence of hypertension and diabetes were 21.14% and 14.36% respectively.Conclusions: The study shows that there is high prevalence of morbidity among elderly. There is an urgent need to develop affordable and accessible geriatric health care services.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2394-6040 , 2394-6032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183959
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A study of risk factors of hepatitis B infection among rural adult population of Patna, Bihar
    Medip Academy ; 2017
    In:  International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health Vol. 4, No. 12 ( 2017-11-23), p. 4654-
    Details
    In: International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, Medip Academy, Vol. 4, No. 12 ( 2017-11-23), p. 4654-
    Abstract: Background: Chronic infection with heptitis B virus (HBV) leading to cirrhosis, cancer, premature death and consequent economic burden is a global problem. Prevention is a public health challenge especially in unvaccinated and disadvantaged populations with unknown risk factors. Majority of Bihar’s population is rural, whose risk factors have not been studied earlier. The objective was to study the risk factors of HBV infection in the rural adult population of Bihar with aim of identifying target group for prevention. Methods: Analytic case-control study in which health camps were organized in villages of Phulwarisharif block of Patna district to screen adults and identify cases and controls. Results: H/o jaundice 6 months or more (p=0.00, OR=3.58); contact with HBV (p=0.00, OR=4.17), family H/o HBV (p=0.00 OR=5.41); blood transfusion (p=0.00, OR=6), H/o hospitalization (p=0.001, OR=2.36), surgery (p=0.003, OR=2.17) and migration (p=0.018, OR=1.95) were significant risk factors. Lack of knowledge about HBV was significant (p 〈 0.030). About 40% and 20% of both cases and controls were aware of parenteral and sexual transmission respectively; 4% cases vs. 13% controls knew about preventive vaccination. Logistic regression revealed that H/o jaundice, family H/o hepatitis B, blood transfusion, hospitalization and migration were independent risk factors for HBV transmission (OR=4.69, 6.55, 3.89. 2.49 and 2.76 respectively) Conclusions: Screening and awareness programs for rural adults necessary to identify and follow up those with H/o jaundice, HBV+ contacts and migrant population. Infection control and biomedical waste management need strengthening. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2394-6040 , 2394-6032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20175346
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biosocial and awareness profile of adolescent clients and utilization patterns of the services at an ARSH clinic at Patna, Bihar
    Medip Academy ; 2019
    In:  International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health Vol. 6, No. 7 ( 2019-06-28), p. 3049-
    Details
    In: International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, Medip Academy, Vol. 6, No. 7 ( 2019-06-28), p. 3049-
    Abstract: Background: Adolescents constitute about 21% of India’s population. Realizing the special needs of adolescents, GOI launched the adolescent reproductive and sexual health (ARSH) program in 2006. ‘Yuva’ clinic was established for the first time in Bihar in 2012 at Patna Medical College for providing services as per ARSH protocols. This study aimed at analyzing the biosocial and awareness profile of the adolescent clients vis a vis ARSH strategy, and the utilization of services at the clinic.Methods: Cross-sectional study using semi-structured questionnaire.Results: Total of 1180 adolescents (950 males, 230 females) was studied. Sixty-six percent males, 74.8% females were urban; about 90% were unmarried. Majority were from upper middle class. No females but 66.6% and 86.7% of males were taking alcohol and tobacco respectively. More than 90% of attendees reported regular physical exercise; 36.8% males and 58% females had abnormal BMIs. Seventy-six percent were nutritionally aware, 24.06% aware about reproductive and sexual health (RSH), and 64.74% about ARSH services. Rural and SES were significantly associated with the adolescents’ awareness of nutrition, RSH, and services available. Females had significantly more knowledge regarding RSH. Sixty-seven percent availed counseling services and 1.35% was referred, 50.6% came for clinical services out of which 69.8% remained unmet.Conclusions: ARSH clinic is a useful initiative. However there are gaps in services vis-a-vis ARSH strategies. If addressed, clinic is likely to attract more adolescents and achieve the objectives of improving their health and capacity to deal with their myriad problems in a better way.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2394-6040 , 2394-6032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20192850
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2019
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