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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pattern of congenital malformations in new-borns: a hospital based retrospective study
    Medip Academy ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2022-06-23), p. 674-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, Medip Academy, Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2022-06-23), p. 674-
    Abstract: Background: Congenital malformation in new-borns is a major public health problem. Identification of the pattern of congenital malformations and hence control of birth defects is an urgent need.Methods: This retrospective study was carried out in neonatal care unit (NICU) of GMC and RH Patiala, Punjab. All the deliveries conducted from January 2020 to December 2020 were included in the study. All the new born babies were thoroughly examined for the presence of congenital malformations. Detailed maternal history was recorded so as to evaluate association of various maternal risk factors with the congenital malformations. Collected data was analyzed on statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software, a p value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results: A total of 3962 babies were delivered at GMC and Rajindra Hospital, Patiala during the study period. Out of this, 91 (2.29%) new-borns were identified with congenital malformations. The most common system involved was musculoskeletal 40 (43.9%) followed by central nervous system 24 (26.4%). Among maternal and fetal risk factors; parental consanguinity, maternal under nutrition/obesity, positive history of a congenital anomaly (CA) in the family, and still birth/intrauterine deaths and ambiguous sex of the newborn baby were significantly associated with higher frequency of CAs (p 〈 0.05).Conclusions: Congenital malformations in new-borns becoming the emerging cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality after neonatal infections. Institution of preventive measures with more focus on young mother’s nutrition, provision of health education and early diagnosis of congenital malformations during antenatal period can help to curb the burden of this problem.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2349-3291 , 2349-3283
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20221612
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
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    Adherence to the anti-epileptic drugs among children with epilepsy- a cross sectional study in a tertiary care hospital
    Medip Academy ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2022-12-27), p. 52-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, Medip Academy, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2022-12-27), p. 52-
    Abstract: Background: Epilepsy is the commonest chronic and highly stigmatized neurological problem that affects many children. It is defined by two or more unprovoked seizures. The main stay of the epilepsy management is the anti-epileptic drugs and strict adherence to anti-epileptic drugs is the key to successful treatment. The 70% of children will become seizure free with appropriate anti-epileptic drug (AED) treatment. The goal of treatment of epilepsy includes minimizing the risk of recurrent seizures and side effects, and maintaining normal psychosocial and educational/vocational adjustment. Our study will assess the level of adherence to AEDs in children and factor associated with non-adherence.Methods: A cross-sectional prospective descriptive design study, conducted in Government medical college and Rajindra hospital, Patiala, Punjab from December 2021 to May 2021. 60 patients were included in this study who gave written consent and had been taking at least one AEDs for at least 6 months. Only those patients with normal neurological and cognitive development and no other severe comorbidities were included in this study. Patients and their parents were individually administered a structured questionnaire consisting of personal and demographic Information, self-prepared questionnaire to check compliance and validated questionnaire called Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-8). Data was analysed by using statistical package for social science software and p 〈 0.05 considered as significant to see the association between factors and non-adherence.Results: The most common reason for non-compliance was problem in remembering that was seen in 41.8% of the patients. 21.8% of the patients had problems in sticking themselves and 18.6% had problems with buying the drugs. 60% patients are male.Conclusions: Poor adherence was seen in 50% of our study participants. In our study, patients were not stick to their therapy, buy the drugs or had problem to remember to take their medication.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2349-3291 , 2349-3283
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20223420
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental and physical health of students (schools and colleges) and teachers
    Medip Academy ; 2022
    In:  International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2022-04-27), p. 2260-
    Details
    In: International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, Medip Academy, Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2022-04-27), p. 2260-
    Abstract: Background: Mental health issues are the leading impediment to academic success. During COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease in well-being and an increase in mental health problems were registered. Younger people and women seemed to be particularly affected by the isolation strategies, leading to development of loneliness, anxiety, depression and extreme mental stress. The objectives of the present study were to assess the core symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in students and teachers during covid pandemic second wave.Methods: An E-Performa was created as google form. All the students and Teachers were requested to fill this Performa and submit it. The collected responses were analyzed statistically and a p 〈 0.05 was considered to be significant.Results: A total of 483 responses were collected. Death from COVID was reported either in the family/friend’s family or neighbourhood in 122 (27.1%) students and (45.5%) teachers which was very stressful for them and it was significantly associated with negative emotions arising out of depression, anxiety and stress. Sleep pattern was reported to be disturbed in 246 (54.6%) students and 57.6% teachers.Conclusions: Everyone around the globe was distressed and scared of deadly virus. But young generation was more effected mentally and some physically also. Teachers as well as students should be prepared for such type of disastrous management. Students from underprivileged families should be rehabilitated both for physical and mental health issues.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2394-6040 , 2394-6032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20221250
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Non-haemorrhagic causes of obstetrical intensive care unit admissions in tertiary care setting
    Medip Academy ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2020-03-25), p. 1392-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medip Academy, Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2020-03-25), p. 1392-
    Abstract: Background: Management of critically ill obstetric patients involve intensive monitoring in intensive care unit. In present scenario there are significant number of obstetric patients with sepsis, tropical diseases and medical illness that require ICU care. The aim of this study was to evaluate in more detail the non-haemorrhagic causes of obstetric ICU admissions and to identify and adopt high risk strategies as prime learning objective.Methods: It is a prospective ongoing study conducted in 50 patients in SGRDUHS, Amritsar from December 2016 to October 2019, who were admitted in obstetric ICU, out of them 30 cases were attributed to non-haemorrhagic obstetric causes. All demographic parameters along with gestational age, diagnosis on admission, intervention done prior to shift to ICU and details of treatment given in ICU were evaluated. Patient outcome, review of mortality and area of improvement were also noted.Results: Majority of the patient (70.1%) were admitted in 3rd trimester. Obstetric sepsis (13.33%), infective diseases (16.66%), tropical conditions (16.66%), medical disorders (26.66%) and hypertensive disorders (26.66%) were the major causes of admission to obstetric ICU. There were 33.3% mortalities observed in present study and 40% were due to respiratory failure. In ICU mechanical ventilation was done in 63.3% cases and blood products were given in 33.3% of patients.Conclusions: A multidisciplinary approach is ideal to handle non-haemorrhagic situations especially related to medical disorders and tropical diseases. Review of the ICU admissions and periodic audit can improve management of morbidities as well as reduce maternal mortalities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2320-1789 , 2320-1770
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20201007
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Hysteroscopic evaluation in infertility and abnormal uterine bleeding
    Medip Academy ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 7, No. 2 ( 2018-01-23), p. 612-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medip Academy, Vol. 7, No. 2 ( 2018-01-23), p. 612-
    Abstract: Background: Hysteroscopy an endoscopic procedure for visualization of uterine cavity may be extensively used in both primary and secondary infertility and abnormal uterine bleeding for evaluating intrauterine pathology. The objectives of this study were to visualize and identity intrauterine pathology in both primary and secondary infertility and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) by hysteroscopic evaluation and to perform hysteroscopic guided therapeutic procedures like endometrial currettage, polypectomy, adhesiolysis.Methods: Hysteroscopic evaluation of uterine cavity for any intrauterine pathology in AUB and Infertility. Adhesiolysis, polypectomy, endometrial biopsy misplaced copper T removal were carried out under hysteroscopic vision.Results: Intrauterine synechia in 20.51%, Submucous fibroid in 5.13%, bicornuate uterus, endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial polyp were seen in 2.56% patient each were detected in infertility group while 81.95% cases with AUB had abnormal intrauterine pathology commonest being endometrial hyperplasia in 33.33% followed by endometrial polyps in 23.81% cases, submucous fibroid and misplaced copper T in 9.52% each and intrauterine synechia in 4.76% patient. Endometrial biopsy and polypectomy was done in 23.80% each with AUB, misplaced copper T removal in 9.52% and adhesiolysis in 4.76% patient with AUB.Conclusions: Hysteroscopy remains gold standard for evaluating intrauterine lesions in abnormal uterine bleeding and infertility. A safe, simple minimally invasive procedure not only diagnostic but therapeutic modality for adhesiolysis, endometrial biopsy/curettage, polypectomy, misplaced copper T removal under direct vision with minimal complication within reach of every Gynaecologist thereby reducing burden of major surgical intervention.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2320-1789 , 2320-1770
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20180181
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Sociodemographic and seroprevalence profile of sexually transmitted infections (HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Syphilis) in asymptomatic pregnant females
    Medip Academy ; 2017
    In:  International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 6, No. 10 ( 2017-09-23), p. 4636-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medip Academy, Vol. 6, No. 10 ( 2017-09-23), p. 4636-
    Abstract: Background: Globally 499 million new episodes of curable STIs occur in the age group of 15-49 years, 80% in developing countries and 79 million in India alone. There is an increasing trend for viral STIs while bacterial STIs are on decline. Number of pregnant women with STIs is increasing by about 250 million a year in developed world and double that number in developing countries. The objective of the study was to estimate seroprevalence of STIs (Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, HIV and Syphilis) and to evaluate impact of sociodemographic profile and sexual behaviour on STIsMethods: This observational study was carried out on 1000 asymptomatic pregnant females attending antenatal clinics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government Medical College Patiala, Punjab.Results: Seroprevalence for STIs in asymptomatic pregnant females was 22.5%. Hepatitis C-9%, Hepatitis B-6.3%, HIV-5.5%, and Syphilis 1.7%. Illiteracy, low socio economic status, homemakers, rural background with multiple sex partners in the 21-30 years age group is associated with increasing trends of STIs in pregnancy.Conclusions: Screening asymptomatic pregnant women for STIs remains a key programme strategy for quadruple (Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, HIV and Syphilis) prevention. Mandatory screening for STIs to reduce perinatal transmission is need of the millennium– a step toward ending STI epidemics as a global priority. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2320-1789 , 2320-1770
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20174455
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection among outdoor patients and indoor patients of tertiary care institute, Bathinda, Punjab, India
    Medip Academy ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Vol. 8, No. 9 ( 2020-08-26), p. 3252-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, Medip Academy, Vol. 8, No. 9 ( 2020-08-26), p. 3252-
    Abstract: Background: Hepatitis virus infections have many serious consequences like chronic hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cancer. Serological test is thus necessary to identify hepatitis virus in the body. An observational study was conducted with an objective to detect hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies by rapid card tests and to find the prevalence of co-infection with hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses from January 2019 to June 2019.Methods: Blood samples were received from patients irrespective of age and sex, constituted the material for the present study. All samples were tested on hepacard and tri-dot card for the detection of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus and results were interpreted as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Results: Out of 3488 samples, 254 samples were positive for hepatitis virus infection. Out of these 254 samples positive for hepatitis viruses, 22 (0.6%) patients were positive for hepatitis B virus and 232 (6.6%) patients were positive for hepatitis C virus. Only 2 (0.7%) of these patients showed co-infection with both viruses.Conclusions: Male patients showed more positivity of hepatitis virus as compared to females. Patients were more from outpatient department (OPD) as compared to inpatient department (IPD). Hepatitis virus infection was found to be highest in the age group 21-40 and lowest in the age group above 80 years. Both the co-infected patients were males and from IPD. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2320-6012 , 2320-6071
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20203672
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Spectrum and pattern of pediatric dermatoses in under five population in a tertiary care centre
    Medip Academy ; 2016
    In:  International Journal of Research in Dermatology Vol. 2, No. 4 ( 2016-11-18), p. 69-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Research in Dermatology, Medip Academy, Vol. 2, No. 4 ( 2016-11-18), p. 69-
    Abstract: 〈 p class="abstract" 〉 〈 strong 〉 Background: 〈 /strong 〉 〈 span lang="EN-IN" 〉 Pediatric dermatoses vary vastly from adult dermatoses in terms of clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis, thereby generating special interest in this field. The present study was carried to find out the spectrum, pattern and incidence of various skin disorders in infants and preschool children (upto 5 years), to correlate their prevalence with age, sex and rural/urban residential status. 〈 /span 〉 〈 /p 〉 〈 p class="abstract" 〉 〈 strong 〉 Methods: 〈 /strong 〉 1000 children under five years age , were evaluated for the presence of skin disease to study the pattern and incidence of these disorders and establish their relationship with age, sex and residential status (rural/urban).Skin disorders were described in detail and classified into groups like bacterial, fungal, parasitic, viral, eczematous, allergic, papulosquamous, pigmentary, miscellaneous. 〈 strong 〉 〈 /strong 〉 〈 /p 〉 〈 p class="abstract" 〉 〈 strong 〉 Results: 〈 /strong 〉 〈 span lang="EN-IN" 〉 Maximum number of children belonged to age group of less than 1 year (31.6%). Male patients (56.6%) out-numbered female patients (43.4%). 56.8% children belonged to urban area while 43.2% children were from rural area. Maximum incidence was of infections (41.1%). Of these infections, bacterial infections (14.5%) were the predominant followed by parasitic infections (10.9%). Eczematous skin disorders were the next common entity after infections seen in 35.1 % children followed by that of allergic disorders seen in 5.9% children. 〈 /span 〉 〈 /p 〉 〈 p class="abstract" 〉 〈 strong 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /strong 〉 〈 span lang="EN-IN" 〉 There is preponderance of infectious dermatoses among the under five population followed by eczematous and hypersensitivity disorders. The role of poverty, overcrowding, poor personal hygiene and low level of health education, undernutrition and consequent poor immunity are emphasized by these preventable diseases. 〈 /span 〉 〈 /p 〉
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2455-4529
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/issn.2455-4529.IntJResDermatol20163508
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ascertainment of risk factors and clinical course for neonates with early onset sepsis in a tertiary care hospital, rural area, Punjab
    Medip Academy ; 2018
    In:  International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2018-02-24), p. 1185-
    Details
    In: International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, Medip Academy, Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2018-02-24), p. 1185-
    Abstract: Background: Neonatal sepsis is the most common cause for neonatal mortality and morbidity. Despite advances in neonatal care, the impact of neonatal sepsis remains marked in developing countries. Thus identifying the risk factors is crucial for optimizing neonatal care.Methods: A prospective study was conducted among inborn and outborn neonates with risk factors or clinical features of Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis admitted in nursery and Neonatal intensive care unit, GSMCH, Banur, Distt Patiala, Punjab during the period from August 2014 to January 2015. Outcome variables were the association of neonatal, maternal and environmental factors with Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis (EONS). Overall clinical course in terms of survival/death, Short term outcome of those who survived based on clinical improvement and culture sensitivity report. Analysis was done using percentage, range, mean, standard deviation. Chi square test and multivariate regression analysis was done for comparison between various risk factors and EONS.Results: A total of 85 neonates were enrolled in the study. There were 71 (83.42%) inborn neonates and 14 (16.47%) neonates were outborn. Based on Haematological System Score of 〉 3, sepsis among the inborn neonates was present in 29(40.84%), while in outborn babies sepsis was present in 13 (92.85%) neonates which was statistically significant (p=0.000). Comparison of risk factors like birth asphyxia and unclean vaginal examination showed statistically significant difference (p=0.002; 0.002) between neonates with sepsis and those without sepsis.Conclusions: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. The study concludes that birth asphyxia and unclean vaginal examination are strong risk factors for early onset neonatal sepsis. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2394-6040 , 2394-6032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180782
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    A prospective, randomised, open label study to compare efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine and teneligliptin in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus refractory to concomitant metformin and glimepiride
    Medip Academy ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-02-22), p. 192-198
    Details
    In: International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Medip Academy, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-02-22), p. 192-198
    Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is chronic, metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, which over time causes both microvascular and macrovascular complications. If HbA1c target is not achieved with dual therapy then 3rd drug is added. Aims of present study were to compare efficacy and safety of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and Teneligliptin in patients of T2DM who are refractory to concomitant Metformin and Glimepiride. Methods: It was interventional, randomized, prospective, parallel and open-label study. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups either HCQ 400mg OD or Teneligliptin 20mg OD were added to their current treatment using Metformin 1gm BD and Glimepiride 4 mg OD as 3rd drug. Follow up was done every 15 days for 12 weeks and underwent assessment of glycaemic parameters (FBS, PPG, HbA1c), LFT, RFT, CBC, ADRs and VAS in addition to anthropometric parameters. Results: After 12 weeks of treatment, HCQ group showed statistically (p 〈 0.05) better improvement in BMI than Teneligliptin group. Both groups showed comparable improvement (p 〉 0.05) from baseline in FBS, HbA1c, PPG and VAS score. In HCQ group there was significant number (p 〈 0.05) of patients who achieved target glycaemic control (HbA1c ≤7.5%) i.e., 56.6%, compared to 37% with Teneligliptin group. Both groups had comparable (p 〉 0.05) safety profile with no serious adverse effects and no significant change (p 〉 0.05) in hepatic, renal and complete blood profiles. Conclusions: On the basis of effects of HCQ on the glycaemic parameters and BMI, HCQ may be preferred over Teneligliptin in patients of T2DM who are refractory to concomitant Metformin and Glimepiride.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2279-0780 , 2319-2003
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20230385
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681376-2
    SSG: 15,3
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