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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 28 (1999), S. 415-426 
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Key words Duplex DNA oligonucleotide ; Molecular dynamics ; Potential of mean force calculations ; Atomic force microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The end-to-end stretching of a duplex DNA oligonucleotide has been studied using potential of mean force (PMF) calculations based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments. Near quantitative agreement between the calculations and experiments was obtained for both the extension length and forces associated with strand separation. The PMF calculations show that the oligonucleotide extends without a significant energetic barrier from a length shorter than A-DNA to a length 2.4 times the contour length of B-DNA at which the barrier to strand separation is encountered. Calculated forces associated with the barrier are 0.09±0.03 nN, based on assumptions concerning tip and thermal-activated barrier crossing contributions to the forces. Direct AFM measurements show the oligonucleotide strands separating at 2.6±0.8 contour lengths with a force of 0.13±0.05 nN. Analysis of the energies from the MD simulations during extension reveals compensation between increases in the DNA-self energy and decreases in the DNA-solvent interaction energy, allowing for the barrierless extension of DNA beyond the canonical B form. The barrier to strand separation occurs when unfavorable DNA interstrand repulsion cannot be compensated for by favorable DNA-solvent interactions. The present combination of single molecule theoretical and experimental approaches produces a comprehensive picture of the free energy surface of biological macromolecular structural transitions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Herz 25 (2000), S. 227-232 
    ISSN: 1615-6692
    Keywords: Key Words Heart failure ; Cardiomyopathy ; Dystrophin ; Myocarditis ; Coxsackievirus ; Schlüsselwörter Herzinsuffizienz ; Kardiomyopathie ; Dystrophin ; Myokarditis ; Coxsackie-Virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein Gendefekt des Dystrophin-Glykoprotein-Komplexes ist eine Ursache der hereditären dilatativen Kardiomyopathie. Enteroviren können gleichfalls eine Kardiomyopathie verursachen. Wir haben vor kurzem einen möglichen molekularen Mechanismus für die enterovirusinduzierte dilatative Kardiomyopathie beschrieben. Die Protease 2A der Coxsackie-Viren spaltet proteolytisch Dystrophin, sodass die Funktion von Dystrophin gravierend beeinträchtigt wird. Zusätzlich wird bei einer Infektion mit Coxsackie-Virus B3 der Dystrophin-Glykoprotein-Komplex aufgebrochen, was mit einem Verlust der sarkolemmalen Integrität einhergeht. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit wird die Bedeutung der Dystrophin-Spaltung für die Permeabilitätssteigerung des Sarkolemms ebenso diskutiert wie potentielle Mechanismen, über die die Dystrophinspaltung zur Entstehung einer dilatativen Kardiomyopathie während einer Coxsackie-Virusinfektion beiträgt.
    Notes: Abstract Genetic deficiency of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex causes hereditary dilated cardiomyopathy. Enteroviruses can also cause cardiomyopathy and we have recently described a potential molecular mechanism for enterovirus-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. The coxsackieviral protease 2A proteolytically cleaves and functionally impairs dystrophin. Additionally, during infection with coxsackievirus B3, the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex becomes disrupted and the sarcolemmal integrity is lost. This review article discusses the importance of the dystrophin cleavage for the development of increased sarcolemmal permeability and potential pathways for mechanisms by which the dystrophin cleavage during coxsackieviral infection may contribute to dilated cardiomyopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2013-02-28
    Description: Static headspace gas chromatographic (SHS-GC) analysis was performed to determine the release of 13 odorants in hydrocolloid model systems containing original or regio-selectively carboxylated cellulose at different pH values. The release of most odor compounds was decreased in the hydrocolloid solutions compared to control, with the amounts of 2-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and 2,3-butanedione released into the headspace being less than those of any other odor compound in the hydrocolloid model systems. However, there was no considerable difference between original cellulose-containing and carboxylated-cellulose containing systems in the release of most compounds, except for relatively long-chain esters such as ethyl caprylate and ethyl nonanoate. The release from the original and carboxylated cellulose solutions controlled to pH 10 was significantly higher than that from solutions adjusted to pH 4 and 7 in the case of some esters (ethyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, butyl propionate, ethyl caproate) and alcohols (2-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol), in particular, ethyl butyrate and 3-methyl-1-butanol. In contrast, the release of 2,3-butanedione from both the original and carboxylated cellulose solutions was increased at pH 4 and 7 compared to that at pH 10 by about 70% and 130%, respectively. Our study demonstrated that the release of some odorants could be changed significantly by addition of both original and carboxylated cellulose in hydrocolloid model systems, but only minor effect was observed in pH of the solution.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2016-07-02
    Description: The aim of this work was to develop an eddy current type pressure sensor and investigate its fundamental characteristics affected by the mechanical and electrical design parameters of sensor. The sensor has two key components, i.e., diaphragm and coil. On the condition that the outer diameter of sensor is 10 mm, two key parts should be designed so as to keep a good linearity and sensitivity. Experiments showed that aluminum is the best target material for eddy current detection. A round-grooved diaphragm is suggested in order to measure more precisely its deflection caused by applied pressures. The design parameters of a round-grooved diaphragm can be selected depending on the measuring requirements. A developed pressure sensor with diaphragm of t = 0.2 mm and w = 1.05 mm was verified to measure pressure up to 10 MPa with very good linearity and errors of less than 0.16%.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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