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  • MDPI AG  (24)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Alginate Oligosaccharide Prevents Acute Doxorubicin Cardiotoxicity by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mediated Apoptosis
    MDPI AG ; 2016
    In:  Marine Drugs Vol. 14, No. 12 ( 2016-12-20), p. 231-
    Details
    In: Marine Drugs, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 12 ( 2016-12-20), p. 231-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/md14120231
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175190-0
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
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    Study of the Relationship between Polymorphisms in the IL-8 Gene Promoter Region and Coccidiosis Resistance Index in Jinghai Yellow Chickens
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Genes Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2020-04-27), p. 476-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2020-04-27), p. 476-
    Abstract: Interleukin 8 (IL-8) participates in the immune response and has the function of inducing neutrophils to release lysosomal enzymes and eliminate pathogens. This study was to investigate the effect of single nucleotide mutations in the IL-8 gene promoter region on the coccidiosis resistance index. In this study, 180 infected Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) Jinghai yellow chickens were used as experimental samples. DNA sequencing technology was used to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-8 gene promoter region. The association between these SNPs and coccidiosis resistance indexes (including superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)) were analyzed. Three SNPs (T-550C, G-398T, and T-360C) were detected. Significant associations were found between each genotype at the T-550C site with NO (p-value = 0.006) and IL-8 (p-value = 0.034) indexes. Significant associations were found between each genotype at the G-398T site with SOD (p-value = 0.042), CAT (p-value = 0.049), NO (p-value = 0.008), and IL-2 (p-value = 0.044) indexes. Significant associations were found between each genotype at the T-360C site with SOD (p-value = 0.007), NO (p-value = 0.046), IL-2 (p-value = 0.041), IL-8 (p-value = 0.039), and IFN-γ (p-value = 0.042) indexes. Haplotype analysis showed that multiple indexes of the H1H3 haplotype combination were significantly higher than other haplotype combinations. Therefore, mutation of the IL-8 gene promoter region has a significant regulatory effect on the coccidiosis resistance index, with a change in transcription factor binding potentially altering IL-8 gene expression, thereby further affecting the IL-8 level in plasma. However, the specific mechanism needs further study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes11050476
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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  • 3
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    Effects of Molybdenum Addition on Rolling Contact Fatigue of Locomotive Wheels under Rolling-Sliding Condition
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Materials Vol. 13, No. 19 ( 2020-09-25), p. 4282-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 19 ( 2020-09-25), p. 4282-
    Abstract: Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) damages often occur, sometimes even leading to shelling on locomotive wheel treads. In this work, the RCF damage behaviors of two locomotive wheel materials with different molybdenum (Mo) contents were studied, and the influence of depth of wheel material was explored as well. The result indicates that with the increase in the Mo content from 0.01 wt.% (wheel 1, i.e., a standard wheel) to 0.04 wt.% (wheel 2, i.e., an improved wheel), the proeutectoid ferrite content and the interlamellar spacing of pearlite decreased, the depth and length of the RCF cracks increased and the average RCF live of locomotive wheel steel improved by 34.06%. With the increase in the depth of material, the proeutectoid ferrite content and the interlamellar spacing of pearlite increased, the depth of RCF cracks increased, the length of RCF cracks of wheel 1 increased and then decreased whereas that of wheel 2 decreased, the RCF live showed a decrease trend for wheel 1, while the RCF life increased and then decreased for wheel 2. The processes of shelling can be divided into three patterns: cracks propagating back to the surface, crack connection and fragments of surface materials.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma13194282
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 4
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    The Effects of Alternative Foods on Life History and Cannibalism of Amblyseius herbicolus (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Insects Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2022-11-09), p. 1036-
    Details
    In: Insects, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2022-11-09), p. 1036-
    Abstract: The development, survivorship, fecundity, and cannibalism of the predatory phytoseiid mite, Amblyseius herbicolus (Chant), fed six different alternative foods (Oulenziella bakeri, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Aleuroglyphus ovatus, almond pollen (Prunus armeniaca), apple pollen (Malus pumila), maize pollen (Zea mays)), and natural prey (Tetranychus urticae) were determined in the laboratory. Our findings indicated that A. herbicolus that fed on all six alternative foods could normally complete its developmental and reproductive cycles. The shortest pre-adult developmental duration was observed when A. herbicolus fed on almond pollen (4.91 d) as well as T. urticae (4.90 d), and the longest when it fed on maize pollen (6.24 d). Pre-adult survival rates were higher when the predator fed on almond pollen (0.99), maize pollen (0.96), and O. bakeri (0.93). The highest fecundity was observed when A. herbicolus fed on apple pollen (28.55 eggs/female), almond pollen (26.06 eggs/female), and O. bakeri (26.02 eggs/female) in addition to T. urticae (48.95 eggs/female), and the lowest when it fed on maize pollen (7.84 eggs/female). The highest value of the intrinsic rate of increase (r) was obtained when A. herbicolus fed on O. bakeri (0.202 d−1) in addition to T. urticae (0.210 d−1), followed by almond pollen (0.163 d−1), and the lowest was when it fed on maize pollen (0.064 d−1). Cannibalism of conspecific eggs by adults of A. herbicolus did not occur when O. bakeri and T. urticae were provided. The cannibalism rate of the predatory mite was the lowest when fed on almond pollen, T. putrescentiae, and A. ovatus and the highest on apple pollen. Above all, when fed on O. bakeri and almond pollen, and with no or low cannibalism rate, A. herbicolus had the best development, survivorship, fecundity, and population parameters. Therefore, O. bakeri and almond pollen could be potential alternative foods for mass rearing programs of A. herbicolus or to support its population in the fields.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4450
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/insects13111036
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662247-6
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  • 5
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    Flavonoids from the Stems of Croton caudatus Geisel. var. tomentosus Hook
    MDPI AG ; 2010
    In:  Molecules Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2010-02-26), p. 1097-1102
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2010-02-26), p. 1097-1102
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules15031097
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 6
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    Preparation of Titania–Silica Composite Aerogel at Atmospheric Pressure and Its Catalytic Performance in the Synthesis of Poly (Butylene Succinate)
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Materials Vol. 16, No. 9 ( 2023-04-22), p. 3296-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 9 ( 2023-04-22), p. 3296-
    Abstract: Titanates are widely used in the synthesis of polyesters, such as Poly (butylene succinate) (PBS), due to their excellent catalytic activity for polycondensation. However, the hydrolysis sensitivity of titanate and side reactions at high temperatures restrict the further improvement of the molecular weight of polyesters and lead to the high content of end carboxyl group content in the products. In this work, we prepared titania–silica composite aerogels with resistance to hydrolysis and large specific surface area, which were further explored as an efficient catalyst for polycondensation reactions. A series of titania–silica composite aerogel catalysts for PBS polycondensation were successfully prepared by the sol-gel method. The influence of a Ti/Si ratio on the surface morphology and structure of the aerogels was examined. Titania–silica composite aerogel exhibits the surface characteristics of high specific surface area and high Lewis acid content. The specific surface area of titania–silica composite aerogels can reach 524.59 m2/g, and the Lewis acid content on the surface can reach 370.29 μmol/g. Furthermore, the catalytic performance for the polycondensation reaction of PBS was investigated. The intrinsic viscosity of PBS synthesized by catalysis with the composite catalyst with a Ti/Si ratio of 9/1 reaches 1.74 dL/g, with the Mn of 7.72 × 104 g/mol. The hydrolysis resistance stability of the titania–silica composite aerogel is greatly improved compared with traditional tetrabutyl titanate (TBT), and the end carboxyl group content of PBS is effectively reduced to lower than 30 mol/ton.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma16093296
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 7
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    The Response of Auroral-Oval Waves to CIR-Driven Recurrent Storms: FY-3E/ACMag Observations
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Universe Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2023-04-28), p. 213-
    Details
    In: Universe, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2023-04-28), p. 213-
    Abstract: Alfven-branch waves provide an efficient means for transporting energy into the auroral oval. Here, we report observations of these waves obtained by the Fengyun-3E (FY-3E)/ACMag instruments, which are designed to detect three-dimensional AC magnetic fields in the 0.05–25 Hz band. The observations suggest that broadband waves are a permanent feature of the auroral oval, although their amplitude and locations vary with the global state of the magnetosphere. We primarily focus on the data obtained from 10 July 2021 to 26 August 2021, during which a series of recurrent storms driven by solar wind corotating interaction regions (CIRs) occurred. Analysis of the observations shows that the auroral-oval waves grow in amplitude (1–3 orders of magnitude) and shift to lower latitude (∼10°) immediately following the decrease in the SYM-H index in each storm. Further investigation reveals the response of the auroral-oval waves has a time scale equal to or less than FY-3E’s effective revisiting time, which is about 45 min. The observations presented in this paper confirm that the FY-3E/ACMag instruments provide a high-resolution monitor of the auroral-oval waves and could further our understanding of auroral physics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2218-1997
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/universe9050213
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813994-X
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  • 8
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    Fabrication of Metallic Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Tunable Condensate Self-Removal Capability and Excellent Anti-Frosting Performance
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 12, No. 20 ( 2022-10-18), p. 3655-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 20 ( 2022-10-18), p. 3655-
    Abstract: Laser fabrication of metallic superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) for anti-frosting has recently attracted considerable attention. Effective anti-frosting SHSs require the efficient removal of condensed microdroplets through self-propelled droplet jumping, which is strongly influenced by the surface morphology. However, detailed analyses of the condensate self-removal capability of laser-structured surfaces are limited, and guidelines for laser processing parameter control for fabricating rationally structured SHSs for anti-frosting have not yet been established. Herein, a series of nanostructured copper-zinc alloy SHSs are facilely constructed through ultrafast laser processing. The surface morphology can be properly tuned by adjusting the laser processing parameters. The relationship between the surface morphologies and condensate self-removal capability is investigated, and a guideline for laser processing parameterization for fabricating optimal anti-frosting SHSs is established. After 120 min of the frosting test, the optimized surface exhibits less than 70% frost coverage because the remarkably enhanced condensate self-removal capability reduces the water accumulation amount and frost propagation speed ( 〈 1 μm/s). Additionally, the material adaptability of the proposed technique is validated by extending this methodology to other metals and metal alloys. This study provides valuable and instructive insights into the design and optimization of metallic anti-frosting SHSs by ultrafast laser processing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano12203655
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 9
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    Improved Photoelectrochemical Performance of BiVO4 for Water Oxidation Enabled by the Integration of the Ni@NiO Core–Shell Structure
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Catalysts Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2022-11-17), p. 1456-
    Details
    In: Catalysts, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2022-11-17), p. 1456-
    Abstract: The development of highly efficient and stable photoelectrode materials is of significant importance for the conversion of solar energy into chemical fuels. Herein, a novel Ni@NiO/BiVO4 photoanode is designed and prepared for efficient water splitting by the deposition of Ni particles on the surface of BiVO4 with subsequent thermal treatment. The integration of the Ni@NiO core–shell structure can efficiently passivate the surface states and accelerate the oxygen evolution kinetics along with the in situ-generated NiOOH, consequently contributing to the significantly improved charge separation efficiency. The resulting Ni@NiO/BiVO4 photoelectrode enabled a photocurrent density of 2.6 mA/cm2 with a surface charge separation efficiency of nearly 80% at the potential of 1.23 VRHE—much better than the unmodified BiVO4 (1.8 mA/cm2, 64%).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4344
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/catal12111456
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662126-5
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  • 10
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    On the η1(1855), π1(1400) and π1(1600) as Dynamically Generated States and Their SU(3) Partners
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Universe Vol. 9, No. 2 ( 2023-02-19), p. 109-
    Details
    In: Universe, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 2 ( 2023-02-19), p. 109-
    Abstract: In this work, we interpret the newly observed η1(1855) resonance with exotic JPC=1−+ quantum numbers in the I=0 sector, reported by the BESIII Collaboration, as a dynamically generated state from the interaction between the lightest pseudoscalar mesons and axial-vector mesons. The interaction is derived from the lowest order chiral Lagrangian from which the Weinberg–Tomozawa term is obtained, describing the transition amplitudes among the relevant channels, which are then unitarized using the Bethe–Salpeter equation, according to the chiral unitary approach. We evaluate the η1(1855) decays into the ηη′ and KK¯*π channels and find that the latter has a larger branching fraction. We also investigate its SU(3) partners, and according to our findings, the π1(1400) and π1(1600) structures may correspond to dynamically generated states, with the former one coupled mostly to the b1π component and the latter one coupled to the K1(1270)K¯ channel. In particular, our result for the ratio Γ(π1(1600)→f1(1285)π)/Γ(π1(1600)→η′π) is consistent with the measured value, which supports our interpretation for the higher π1 state. We also report two poles with a mass about 1.7 GeV in the I=1/2 sector, which may be responsible for the K*(1680). We suggest searching for two additional η1 exotic mesons with masses around 1.4 and 1.7 GeV. In particular, the predicted η1(1700) is expected to have a width around 0.1 GeV and can decay easily into KK¯ππ.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2218-1997
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/universe9020109
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813994-X
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