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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New Phenylethanoid Glycosides from the Fruits of Forsythia Suspense (Thunb.) Vahl
    MDPI AG ; 2009
    In:  Molecules Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2009-03-25), p. 1324-1331
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2009-03-25), p. 1324-1331
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules14031324
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 2
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    Analysis of the Properties of 44 ABC Transporter Genes from Biocontrol Agent Trichoderma asperellum ACCC30536 and Their Responses to Pathogenic Alternaria alternata Toxin Stress
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Current Issues in Molecular Biology Vol. 45, No. 2 ( 2023-02-12), p. 1570-1586
    Details
    In: Current Issues in Molecular Biology, MDPI AG, Vol. 45, No. 2 ( 2023-02-12), p. 1570-1586
    Abstract: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are involved in transporting multiple substrates, such as toxins, and may be important for the survival of Trichoderma when encountering biotic toxins. In this study, genome searching revealed that there are 44 ABC transporters encoded in the genome of Trichoderma asperellum. These ABC transporters were divided into six types based on three-dimensional (3D) structure prediction, of which four, represented by 39 ABCs, are involved in transport and the remaining two, represented by 5 ABCs, are involved in regulating translation. The characteristics of nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) are important in the identification of ABC proteins. Even though the 3D structures of the 79 NBDs in the 44 ABCs are similar, multiple sequence alignment showed they can be divided into three classes. In total, 794 motifs were found in the promoter regions of the 44 ABC genes, of which 541 were cis-regulators related to stress responses. To characterize how their ABCs respond when T. asperellum interact with fungi or plants, T. asperellum was cultivated in either minimal media (MM) control, C-hungry, N-hungry, or poplar medium (PdPap) to simulate normal conditions, competition with pathogens, interaction with pathogens, and interaction with plants, respectively. The results show that 17 of 39 transport ABCs are highly expressed in at least one condition, whereas four of the five translation-regulating ABCs are highly expressed in at least one condition. Of these 21 highly expressed ABCs, 6 were chosen for RT-qPCR expression under the toxin stress of phytopathogen Alternaria alternata, and the results show ABC01, ABC04, ABC05, and ABC31 were highly expressed and may be involved in pathogen interaction and detoxifying toxins from A. alternata.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1467-3045
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020101
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2090836-2
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Screening and Identification of Host Factors Interacting with the Virulence Factor P0 Encoded by Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus by Yeast Two-Hybrid Assay
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Genes Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2023-07-03), p. 1397-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2023-07-03), p. 1397-
    Abstract: Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV), a member of the genus Polerovirus in the family Luteoviridae, causes severe damage and represents a great threat to sugarcane cultivation and sugar industry development. In this study, inoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana plants with a potato virus X (PVX)-based vector carrying the SCYLV P0 gene induced typical mosaic, leaf rolling symptoms and was associated with a hypersensitive-like response (HLR) necrosis symptom, which is accompanied with a systemic burst of H2O2 and also leads to higher PVX viral genome accumulation levels. Our results demonstrate that SCYLV P0 is a pathogenicity determinant and plays important roles in disease development. To further explore its function in pathogenic processes, a yeast two-hybrid assay was performed to screen the putative P0-interacting host factors. The recombinant plasmid pGBKT7-P0 was constructed as a bait and transformed into the yeast strain Y2HGold. The ROC22 cultivar (an important parental resource of the main cultivar in China) cDNA prey library was constructed and screened by co-transformation with the P0 bait. We identified 28 potential interacting partners including those involved in the optical signal path, plant growth and development, transcriptional regulation, host defense response, and viral replication. To our knowledge, this is the first time we have reported the host proteins interacting with the P0 virulence factor encoded by sugarcane yellow leaf virus. This study not only provides valuable insights into elucidating the molecular mechanism of the pathogenicity of SCYLV, but also sheds light on revealing the probable new pathogenesis of Polerovirus in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes14071397
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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  • 4
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    A Sample and Sensitive HPLC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Determination of Ziyuglycoside I and Its Metabolite Ziyuglycoside II in Rat Pharmacokinetics
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Molecules Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2018-02-28), p. 543-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2018-02-28), p. 543-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030543
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 5
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    The Root Endophytic Fungi Community Structure of Pennisetum sinese from Four Representative Provinces in China
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Microorganisms Vol. 7, No. 9 ( 2019-09-09), p. 332-
    Details
    In: Microorganisms, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 9 ( 2019-09-09), p. 332-
    Abstract: Pennisetum sinese is a good forage grass with high biomass production and crude proteins. However, little is known about the endophytic fungi diversity of P. sinese, which might play an important role in the plant’s growth and biomass production. Here, we used high throughput sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequences based on primers ITS5-1737 and ITS2-2043R to investigate the endophytic fungi diversity of P. sinese roots at the maturity stage, as collected from four provinces (Shaanxi province, SX; Fujian province, FJ; the Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous prefecture, XJ and Inner Mongolia, including sand (NS) and saline-alkali land (NY), China). The ITS sequences were processed using QIIME and R software. A total of 374,875 effective tags were obtained, and 708 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were yielded with 97% identity in the five samples. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the two dominant phyla in the five samples, and the genera Khuskia and Heydenia were the most abundant in the FJ and XJ samples, respectively, while the most abundant tags in the other three samples could not be annotated at the genus level. In addition, our study revealed that the FJ sample possessed the highest OTU numbers (242) and the NS sample had the lowest (86). Moreover, only 22 OTUs were present in all samples simultaneously. The beta diversity analysis suggested a division of two endophytic fungi groups: the FJ sample from the south of China and the other four samples from north or northwest China. Correlation analysis between the environmental factors and endophytic fungi at the class level revealed that Sordariomycetes and Pucciniomycetes had extremely significant positive correlations with the total carbon, annual average precipitation, and annual average temperature, while Leotiomycetes showed an extremely significant negative correlation with quick acting potassium. The results revealed significant differences in the root endophytic fungi diversity of P. sinese in different provinces and might be useful for growth promotion and biomass production in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2607
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090332
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720891-6
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  • 6
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    The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Development and Progression of Lung Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Molecules Vol. 27, No. 24 ( 2022-12-17), p. 9005-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 27, No. 24 ( 2022-12-17), p. 9005-
    Abstract: Lung cancer is one of the 10 most common cancers in the world, which seriously affects the normal life and health of patients. According to the investigation report, the 3-year survival rate of patients with lung cancer is less than 20%. Heredity, the environment, and long-term smoking or secondhand smoke greatly promote the development and progress of the disease. The mechanisms of action of the occurrence and development of lung cancer have not been fully clarified. As a new type of gas signal molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has received great attention for its physiological and pathological roles in mammalian cells. It has been found that H2S is widely involved in the regulation of the respiratory system and digestive system, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of lung cancer. H2S has the characteristics of dissolving in water and passing through the cell membrane, and is widely expressed in body tissues, which determines the possibility of its participation in the occurrence of lung cancer. Both endogenous and exogenous H2S may be involved in the inhibition of lung cancer cells by regulating mitochondrial energy metabolism, mitochondrial DNA integrity, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B co-pathway hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). This article reviews and discusses the molecular mechanism of H2S in the development of lung cancer, and provides novel insights for the prevention and targeted therapy of lung cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249005
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
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    Identification and Geological Significance of Early Jurassic Adakitic Volcanic Rocks in Xintaimen Area, Western Liaoning
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Minerals Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2021-03-23), p. 331-
    Details
    In: Minerals, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2021-03-23), p. 331-
    Abstract: The Western Liaoning area, where a large number of Jurassic-Cretaceous volcanic rocks are exposed, is one of the typical areas for studying the Mesozoic Paleo-Pacific and Mongolia-Okhotsk subduction process, and lithospheric destruction of North China Craton. The identification and investigation of Early Jurassic adakitic volcanic rocks in the Xintaimen area of Western Liaoning is of particular significance for exploring the volcanic magma source and its composition evolution, tracking the crust-mantle interaction, and revealing the craton destruction and the subduction of oceanic plates. Detailed petrography, zircon U–Pb dating, geochemistry, and zircon Hf isotope studies indicate that the Early Jurassic intermediate-acidic volcanic rocks are mainly composed of trachydacites and a few rhyolites with the formation ages of 178.6–181.9 Ma. Geochemical characteristics show that they have a high content of SiO2, MgO, Al2O3, and total-alkali, typical of the high-K calc-alkaline series. They also show enrichment of light rare earth elements (LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), depletion of heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) and high field strength elements (HFSEs), and have a high content of Sr and low content of Y and Yb, suggesting that they were derived from the partial melting of the lower crust. The εHf(t) values of dated zircons and two-stage model ages (TDM2) vary from −11.6 to −7.4 and from 1692 to 1958 Ma, respectively. During the Early Jurassic, the study area was under long-range tectonic effects with the closure of the Mongolia-Okhotsk Ocean and the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate, which caused the basaltic magma to invade the lower crust of the North China Craton. The mantle-derived magma was separated and crystallized while heating the Proterozoic lower crust, and part of the thickened crust melted to form these intermediate-acidic adakitic volcanic rocks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-163X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/min11030331
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2655947-X
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  • 8
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    Expression and Characterization of a GH16 Family β-Agarase Derived from the Marine Bacterium Microbulbifer sp. BN3 and Its Efficient Hydrolysis of Agar Using Raw Agar-Producing Red Seaweeds Gracilaria sjoestedtii and Gelidium amansii as Substrates
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Catalysts Vol. 10, No. 8 ( 2020-08-05), p. 885-
    Details
    In: Catalysts, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 8 ( 2020-08-05), p. 885-
    Abstract: Agarases catalyze the hydrolysis of agarose to oligosaccharides which display an array of biological and physiological functions with important industrial applications in health-related fields. In this study, the gene encoding agarase (Aga-ms-R) was cloned from Microbulbifer sp. BN3 strain. Sequence alignment indicated that Aga-ms-R belongs to the GH16 family and contains one active domain and two carbohydrate binding module (CBM) domains. The mature Aga-ms-R was expressed successfully by employing the Brevibacillus system. Purified rAga-ms-R was obtained with a specific activity of 100.75 U/mg. rAga-ms-R showed optimal activity at 50 °C and pH 7.0, and the enzyme activity was stable at 50 °C and also over the pH range of 5.0–9.0. After exposure of rAga-ms-R to 70 °C for 30 min, only partial enzyme activity remained. Thin layer chromatographic analysis of the enzymatic hydrolysate of agar obtained using rAga-ms-R disclosed that the hydrolysate comprised, in a long intermediate-stage of the hydrolysis reaction, mainly neoagarotetraose (NA4) and neoagarohexaose (NA6) but ultimately, predominantly neoagarotetraose and trace amounts of neoagarobiose (NA2). Hydrolysates of the raw red seaweeds Gracilaria sjoestedtii and Gelidium amansii, produced by incubation with rAga-ms-R, were mainly composed of neoagarotetraose. The results demonstrate the high efficiency of rAga-ms-R in producing neoagaraoligosaccharide under low-cost conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4344
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/catal10080885
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662126-5
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  • 9
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    A Novel Cold-Adapted and High-Alkaline Alginate Lyase with Potential for Alginate Oligosaccharides Preparation
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Molecules Vol. 28, No. 17 ( 2023-08-22), p. 6190-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 28, No. 17 ( 2023-08-22), p. 6190-
    Abstract: Alginate oligosaccharides (AOs) prepared through enzymatic reaction by diverse alginate lyases under relatively controllable and moderate conditions possess versatile biological activities. But widely used commercial alginate lyases are still rather rare due to their poor properties (e.g., lower activity, worse thermostability, ion tolerance, etc.). In this work, the alginate lyase Alyw208, derived from Vibrio sp. W2, was expressed in Yarrowia lipolytica of food grade and characterized in order to obtain an enzyme with excellent properties adapted to industrial requirements. Alyw208 classified into the polysaccharide lyase (PL) 7 family showed maximum activity at 35 °C and pH 10.0, indicating its cold-adapted and high-alkaline properties. Furthermore, Alyw208 preserved over 70% of the relative activity within the range of 10–55 °C, with a broader temperature range for the activity compared to other alginate-degrading enzymes with cold adaptation. Recombinant Alyw208 was significantly activated with 1.5 M NaCl to around 2.1 times relative activity. In addition, the endolytic Alyw208 was polyG-preferred, but identified as a bifunctional alginate lyase that could degrade both polyM and polyG effectively, releasing AOs with degrees of polymerization (DPs) of 2–6 and alginate monomers as the final products (that is, DPs 1–6). Alyw208 has been suggested with favorable properties to be a potent candidate for biotechnological and industrial applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176190
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 10
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    One-Pot Synthesis of Benzoxazole/Benzothiazole-Substituted Esters by Michael Addition: A Selective Construction of C-N/C-S Bonds
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Catalysts Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2023-03-27), p. 658-
    Details
    In: Catalysts, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2023-03-27), p. 658-
    Abstract: An efficient and convenient synthesis of benzoxazole/benzothiazole-substituted esters in a one-pot strategy is reported. In this investigation, a selective construction of C-N and C-S bonds via simple addition is performed. Thus, using substituted 2-aminophenols/2-aminobenzenethiols, TMTD (tetramethylthiuram disulfide) and α,β-unsaturated esters as starting substrates, C-N and C-S bonds can be selectively constructed by means of the Michael addition reaction. This protocol features high selectivity, high atomic economy, mild conditions, good functional tolerance and good to excellent yields, showing the potential value for the preparation of some biologically and pharmaceutically active compounds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4344
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/catal13040658
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662126-5
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