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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Numerical Simulation and Experimental Research on Temperature Distribution of Fillet Welds
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Materials Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2020-03-09), p. 1222-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2020-03-09), p. 1222-
    Abstract: In this paper, a matrix equation for the welding heat source model was proposed to calculate the fillet welds temperature distribution based on the penetration depth and molten width. A double ellipsoid heat source model of fillet weld was established firstly by physical experiment and simulation calculation, and then the orthogonal experiment was constructed based on the previous calculation methods and experimentally measured data. Finally, the matrix equation of the heat source model parameters was obtained by regression analysis based on the joint penetration and width. The experimental and numerical simulation of the temperature distribution had been performed for the fillet weld and the results show that (1) the heat flux increases in one direction, while, oppositely, it decreased in another direction; (2) simulation results were highly in accordance with experiments results. The results indicated that the double ellipsoidal heat source model calculated by the matrix equation is quite appropriate for predicting the transient temperature distribution on the fillet welds for the gas metal arc welding process.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma13051222
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of the Warm Deformation Constitutive Model of GH4169 Alloy Based on Neural Network and the Arrhenius Model
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Metals Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2022-08-29), p. 1429-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2022-08-29), p. 1429-
    Abstract: In order to realize a better description of plastic flow behavior in the warm deformation process of GH4149, the GH4169 superalloy was compressed by Gleeble-3800 at a temperature of 700–900 °C and a strain rate of 0.01–10 s−1. The constitutive model of GH4169 superalloy was established using artificial neural network (ANN) and the Arrhenius equation, and the accuracy of the model was compared. The results show that the average absolute relative error (AARE) of the ANN constitutive model is 4.34%. The AARE of the Arrhenius equation constitutive model is 29.95%. The ANN constitutive model is more accurate than the Arrhenius constitutive model, and has consistent accuracy in the whole parameter range. The stress–strain curve obtained by the model is in good agreement with the experimental curve. The process of the warm compression test is simulated by finite element software importing the ANN constitutive material model. The results verified the reliability of the model. The ANN constitutive model can effectively predict the flow stress of GH4169 superalloy during the warm deformation process.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met12091429
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High Expression of CUL9 Is Prognostic and Predictive for Adjuvant Chemotherapy in High-Risk Stage II and Stage III Colon Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cancers Vol. 14, No. 16 ( 2022-08-09), p. 3843-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 16 ( 2022-08-09), p. 3843-
    Abstract: We evaluated the clinical implications of CUL9 expression on the prognosis and the predictive value for adjuvant chemotherapy in colon cancer. A total of 1078 consecutive patients treated with radical resection from 2008 to 2012 were included. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens were used as immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CUL9. For all patients, high expression of CUL9 was identified as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (HR = 1.613, 95% CI 1.305–1.993, p 〈 0.001) and disease-free survival (HR = 1.570, 95% CI 1.159–2.128, p = 0.004). The prognostic value of high CUL9 expression was confirmed in an independent validation cohort from the GEO database. The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy was analyzed among patients with high-risk stage II and stage III disease. Those with high CUL9 expression from the full dose group had better disease-free survival (HR = 0.477, 95% CI 0.276–0.825, p = 0.006) than those from the reduced dose group. The interaction test between CUL9 expression and the treatment reached significance and was not confounded by T stage, N stage and histopathological grade. In general, high expression of CUL9 was an independent prognostic factor in patients with colon cancer. In those with high-risk stage II and stage III disease, high expression of CUL9 was associated with the benefit from standard 6-months adjuvant chemotherapy regimens.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163843
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Uniaxial Compressive Stress on Phase Transformation Kinetics of Low-Carbon Steel
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Materials Vol. 15, No. 13 ( 2022-06-25), p. 4477-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 13 ( 2022-06-25), p. 4477-
    Abstract: To attain microstructure transformation and the kinetics of phase transformation under stress during the annealing process, dilatometric curves of phase transformation for Q235 steel were tested using a Gleeble-3500 thermal-mechanical simulator under different uniaxial compressive stresses. The Johnson–Mehl–Avrami (JMA) model considering impingement correction was applied to study the phase-transformation kinetics during annealing. The results showed that the grain size increased with increasing uniaxial compressive stresses because it provided additional energy for grain growth. Furthermore, the interfacial migration velocity decreased with increasing stress owing to grain coarsening and a decrease in the density of the α/γ boundary. Meanwhile, the stress reduces the sum of the misfit accommodation energy and interface energy caused by the transformation, and the driving force required for the transformation of austenite to ferrite decreases. Hence, it was concluded that uniaxial compressive stress plays a complex role in the phase transformation, which inhibits interfacial migration and the transformation rate while providing additional energy for the transformation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma15134477
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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