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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tenofovir Hampers the Efficacy of Sorafenib in Prolonging Overall Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Biomedicines Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2021-10-26), p. 1539-
    Details
    In: Biomedicines, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2021-10-26), p. 1539-
    Abstract: Sorafenib is a first-line treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These patients may simultaneously receive anti-hepatitis B treatment if they are viremic. The N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 14 (GALNT14) gene can serve as a biomarker to guide HCC treatments. However, the enzyme substrates of its gene product, GalNAc-T14 (a glycosyltransferase), remained uncharacterized. Here, we conducted a glycoproteome-wide search for GalNAc-T14 substrates using lectin affinity chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry. Seventeen novel GalNAc-T14 substrates were identified. A connective map analysis showed that an antiviral drug, tenofovir, was the leading medicinal compound to down-regulate the expression of these substrates. In vitro assays showed that HCC cells were resistant to sorafenib if pretreated by tenofovir but not entecavir. Clinical analysis showed that the concomitant use of tenofovir and sorafenib was a previously unrecognized predictive factor for unfavorable overall survival (hazard ratio = 2.060, 95% confidence interval = [1.256, 3.381], p = 0.004) in a cohort of 181 hepatitis-B-related, sorafenib-treated HCC patients (concomitant tenofovir versus entecavir treatment; p = 0.003). In conclusion, by conducting a glycoproteome-wide search for GalNAc-T14 substrates, we unexpectedly found that tenofovir was a major negative regulator of GalNAc-T14 substrates and an unfavorable anti-hepatitis B drug in HCC patients receiving sorafenib.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111539
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720867-9
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Hepatitis B Virus Covalently Closed Circular DNA Predicts Postoperative Liver Cancer Metastasis Independent of Virological Suppression
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Cancers Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2021-01-31), p. 538-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2021-01-31), p. 538-
    Abstract: New antiviral therapies against hepatitis B virus (HBV) focus on the elimination of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). However, traditional cccDNA-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) has a narrow effective range, hindering a reliable comparison between the levels of biopsy-derived cccDNAs. Collaterally, the prognostic role of cccDNA in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cannot be clearly defined. Here, we developed a peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-clamping qPCR method to provide a wider range of specific cccDNA quantification (up to 5 logs of effective range). Extrachromosomal DNA was extracted from para-neoplastic tissues for cccDNA quantification. In total, 350 HBV-related HCC patients were included for an outcome analysis. Without differential pre-dilution, cccDNA levels in para-neoplastic liver tissues were determined, ranging from 〈 2 × 103 to 123.0 × 106 copies/gram. The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that cccDNA was independently correlated with the HBV e antigen (p 〈 0.001) and serum HBV-DNA levels (p = 0.012). The Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that cccDNA independently predicted overall survival (p = 0.003) and extrahepatic metastasis-free survival (p = 0.001). In virologically suppressed HCC patients, cccDNA still effectively predicted intrahepatic recurrence-free (p = 0.003) and extrahepatic metastasis-free (p = 0.009) survivals. In conclusion, cccDNA independently predicted postoperative extrahepatic metastasis-free survival.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030538
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    The Deletion of US3 Gene of Pseudorabies Virus (PRV) ΔgE/TK Strain Induces Increased Immunogenicity in Mice
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Vaccines Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2022-09-23), p. 1603-
    Details
    In: Vaccines, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2022-09-23), p. 1603-
    Abstract: Re-emerging pseudorabies (PR) caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV) variant has been prevailing among immunized herds in China since 2011, indicating that commercially available PR vaccine strains couldn’t provide complete protection against novel, epidemic PRV variant. Before this study, a gE/TK-gene-deleted virus (PRV ΔgE/TK) was constructed from PRV QYY2012 variant through homologous recombination and Cre/LoxP system. Here, PRV ΔgE/TK/US3 strain was generated by deleting US3 gene based on PRV ΔgE/TK strain using the same method. The growth characteristics of PRV ΔgE/TK/US3 were analogous to that of PRV ΔgE/TK. Moreover, the deletion of US3 gene could promote apoptosis, upregulate the level of swine leukocyte antigen class I molecule (SLA-I) in vitro, and relieve inflammatory response in inoculated BALB/c mice. Subsequently, the safety and immunogenicity of PRV ΔgE/TK/US3 was evaluated as a vaccine candidate in mice. The results revealed that PRV ΔgE/TK/US3 was safe for mice, and mice vaccinated with PRV ΔgE/TK/US3 could induce a higher level of PRV-specific neutralizing antibodies and cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-4, also higher level of CD8+ CD69+ Tissue-Resident Memory T cells (TRM). The results show that the deletion of US3 gene of PRV ΔgE/TK strain could induce increased immunogenicity, indicating that the PRV ΔgE/TK/US3 strain is a promising vaccine candidate for preventing and controlling of the epidemic PR in China.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-393X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101603
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2703319-3
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  • 4
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    Impact of an MT-RNR1 Gene Polymorphism on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression and Clinical Characteristics
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 3 ( 2021-01-23), p. 1119-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 3 ( 2021-01-23), p. 1119-
    Abstract: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are highly associated with cancer progression. The poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is largely due to high rates of tumor metastasis. This emphasizes the urgency of identifying these patients in advance and developing new therapeutic targets for successful intervention. However, the issue of whether mtDNA influences tumor metastasis in hepatoma remains unclear. In the current study, multiple mutations in mtDNA were identified by sequencing HCC samples. Among these mutations, mitochondrially encoded 12S rRNA (MT-RNR1) G709A was identified as a novel potential candidate. The MT-RNR1 G709A polymorphism was an independent risk factor for overall survival and distant metastasis-free survival. Subgroup analysis showed that in patients with cirrhosis, HBV-related HCC, α-fetoprotein ≥ 400 ng/mL, aspartate transaminase ≥ 31 IU/L, tumor number 〉 1, tumor size ≥ 5 cm, and histology grade 3-4, MT-RNR1 G709A was associated with both shorter overall survival and distant metastasis-free survival. Mechanistically, MT-RNR1 G709A was clearly associated with hexokinase 2 (HK2) expression and unfavorable prognosis in HCC patients. Our data collectively highlight that novel associations among MT-RNR1 G709A and HK2 are an important risk factor in HCC patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031119
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    Dendritic Forest-Like Ag Nanostructures Prepared Using Fluoride-Assisted Galvanic Replacement Reaction for SERS Applications
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2021-05-21), p. 1359-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2021-05-21), p. 1359-
    Abstract: Dendritic forest-like Ag nanostructures were deposited on a silicon wafer through fluoride-assisted galvanic replacement reaction (FAGRR) in aqueous AgNO3 and buffered oxide etchant. The prepared nanostructures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy, a surface profiler (alpha step), and X-ray diffraction. Additionally, the dendritic forest-like Ag nanostructures were characterized using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) when a 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) monolayer was adsorbed on the Ag surface. The Ag nanostructures exhibited intense SERS signal from 4-MBA because of their rough surface, and this intense signal led to an intense local electromagnetic field upon electromagnetic excitation. The enhancement factor for 4-MBA molecules adsorbed on the Ag nanostructures was calculated to be 9.18 × 108. Furthermore, common Raman reporters such as rhodamine 6G, 4-aminothiolphenol, 5,5′-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid, and carboxyfluorescein (FAM) were characterized on these dendritic forest-like Ag nanostructures, leading to the development of an ultrasensitive SERS-based DNA sensor with a limit of detection of 33.5 nM of 15-mer oligonucleotide.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano11061359
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 6
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    Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue by CdS-ZnS-BiPO4 Nanocomposites Prepared by a Solvent-Assisted Heating Method
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Catalysts Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-09-11), p. 1095-
    Details
    In: Catalysts, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-09-11), p. 1095-
    Abstract: In this study, a ternary CdS-ZnS-BiPO4 nanocomposite, synthesized by a solvent-assisted heating method, demonstrated the highest visible light-induced photocatalysis towards the degradation of methylene blue (MB) when comparing with BiPO4, CdS-BiPO4, and ZnS-BiPO4. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) were used to characterize the prepared nanocomposites. From UV-DRS results, the energy band gap of the prepared BiPO4 structures was 4.51 eV. When CdS nanoparticles were deposited on BiPO4 surface by a solvent-assisted heating method, the prepared nanocomposites exhibited visible light-responsive photocatalytic degradation toward MB (20 ppm). At a molar ratio of Cd to Zn as 1:7, the prepared CdS-ZnS-BiPO4 nanocomposites exhibited the best photocatalytic activity in degrading 95% of MB dyes, out-performing pure BiPO4, CdS-BiPO4, and ZnS-BiPO4 due to its enhanced charge separation efficiency and the lowered carrier recombination from the efficient p-n junction of unprecedented ternary composites. The investigations on mechanism conclude that the major reactive species responsible for MB degradation are holes and oxygen radicals. For practicality, the degradation efficiency for different dyestuff (Fast Green FCF, Rhodamine 6G, Acid Blue 1, methyl orange, and methyl red) degradation in the different water matrix samples (pond water, seawater, and lake water) by the prepared CdS-ZnS-BiPO4 nanocomposites was evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4344
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/catal11091095
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662126-5
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  • 7
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    Hydrothermal and Co-Precipitated Synthesis of Chalcopyrite for Fenton-like Degradation toward Rhodamine B
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Catalysts Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-01-26), p. 152-
    Details
    In: Catalysts, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-01-26), p. 152-
    Abstract: In this study, Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) was prepared by a hydrothermal and co-precipitation method, being represented as H-CuFeS2 and C-CuFeS2, respectively. The prepared CuFeS2 samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping (EDS-mapping), powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), and Raman microscope. Rhodamine B (RhB, 20 ppm) was used as the target pollutant to evaluate the degradation performance by the prepared CuFeS2 samples. The H-CuFeS2 samples (20 mg) in the presence of Na2S2O8 (4 mM) exhibited excellent degradation efficiency (98.8% within 10 min). Through free radical trapping experiment, the major active species were •SO4− radicals and •OH radicals involved the RhB degradation. Furthermore, •SO4− radicals produced from the prepared samples were evaluated by iodometric titration. In addition, one possible degradation mechanism was proposed. Finally, the prepared H-CuFeS2 samples were used to degrade different dyestuff (rhodamine 6G, methylene blue, and methyl orange) and organic pollutant (bisphenol A) in the different environmental water samples (pond water and seawater) with 10.1% mineral efficiency improvement comparing to traditional Fenton reaction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4344
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/catal12020152
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 8
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    Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Chalcopyrite/Silver Phosphate Composites with Enhanced Degradation of Rhodamine B under Photo-Fenton Process
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2020-11-20), p. 2300-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2020-11-20), p. 2300-
    Abstract: A new composite by coupling chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) with silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) (CuFeS2/Ag3PO4) was proposed by using a cyclic microwave heating method. The prepared composites were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Under optimum conditions and 2.5 W irradiation (wavelength length 〉 420 nm, power density = 0.38 Wcm−2), 96% of rhodamine B (RhB) was degraded by CuFeS2/Ag3PO4 within a 1 min photo-Fenton reaction, better than the performance of Ag3PO4 (25% degradation within 10 min), CuFeS2 (87.7% degradation within 1 min), and mechanically mixed CuFeS2/Ag3PO4 catalyst. RhB degradation mainly depended on the amount of hydroxyl radicals generated from the Fenton reaction. The degradation mechanism of CuFeS2/Ag3PO4 from the photo-Fenton reaction was deduced using a free radical trapping experiment, the chemical reaction of coumarin, and photocurrent and luminescence response. The incorporation of CuFeS2 in Ag3PO4 enhanced the charge separation of Ag3PO4 and reduced Ag3PO4 photocorrosion as the photogenerated electrons on Ag3PO4 were transferred to regenerate Cu2+/Fe3+ ions produced from the Fenton reaction to Cu+/Fe2+ ions, thus simultaneously maintaining the CuFeS2 intact. This demonstrates the synergistic effect on material stability. However, hydroxyl radicals were produced by both the photogenerated holes of Ag3PO4 and the Fenton reaction of CuFeS2 as another synergistic effect in catalysis. Notably, the degradation performance and the reusability of CuFeS2/Ag3PO4 were promoted. The practical applications of this new material were demonstrated from the effective performance of CuFeS2/Ag3PO4 composites in degrading various dyestuffs (90–98.9% degradation within 10 min) and dyes in environmental water samples (tap water, river water, pond water, seawater, treated wastewater) through enhanced the Fenton reaction under sunlight irradiation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano10112300
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 9
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    Morphology Characterization, Molecular Phylogeny, and Pathogenicity of Diaporthe passifloricola on Citrus reticulata cv. Nanfengmiju in Jiangxi Province, China
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Plants Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2021-01-23), p. 218-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2021-01-23), p. 218-
    Abstract: The Nanfengmiju (Citrus reticulata cv. Nanfengmiju), a high-quality local variety of mandarin, is one of the major fruit crops in Jiangxi Province, China. Citrus melanose and stem-end rot, two common fungal diseases of Nanfengmiju, are both caused by Diaporthe spp. (syn. Phomopsis spp.). Identification of the Diaporthe species is essential for epidemiological studies, quarantine measures, and management of diseases caused by these fungi. Melanose disease was observed on Nanfengmiju fruit in Jiangxi Province of China in 2016. Based on morphological characterization and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses, three out of 39 isolates from diseased samples were identified as D. passifloricola. Since these three isolates did not cause melanose on citrus fruit in the pathogenicity tests, they were presumed to be endophytic fungi present in the diseased tissues. However, our results indicate that D. passifloricola may persist as a symptom-less endophyte in the peel of citrus fruit, yet it may cause stem-end if it invades the stem end during fruit storage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of D. passifloricola as the causal agent of the stem-end rot disease in Citrusreticulata cv. Nanfengmiju.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants10020218
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 10
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    Visfatin-Induced Inhibition of miR-1264 Facilitates PDGF-C Synthesis in Chondrosarcoma Cells and Enhances Endothelial Progenitor Cell Angiogenesis
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cells Vol. 11, No. 21 ( 2022-11-02), p. 3470-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 21 ( 2022-11-02), p. 3470-
    Abstract: New treatments for chondrosarcoma are extremely important. Chondrosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor with a very unfavorable prognosis. High-grade chondrosarcoma has a high potential to metastasize to any organ in the body. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potent angiogenic factor that promotes tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. The adipocytokine visfatin promotes metastatic potential of chondrosarcoma; however, the role of visfatin in angiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma is unclear. We report that the levels of PDGF-C expression were positively correlated with tumor stages, significantly higher than the levels of expression in normal cartilage. Visfatin increased PDGF-C expression and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) angiogenesis through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and dose-dependently down-regulated the synthesis of miR-1264, which targets the 3′-UTR of PDGF-C. Additionally, we discovered inhibition of visfatin or PDGF-C in chondrosarcoma tumors significantly reduced tumor angiogenesis and size. Our results indicate that visfatin inhibits miR-1264 production through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling cascade, and thereby promotes PDGF-C expression and chondrosarcoma angiogenesis. Visfatin may be worth targeting in the treatment of chondrosarcoma angiogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells11213470
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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