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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Embedded Upconversion Nanoparticles in Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Photodynamic Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Biomedicines Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2021-12-15), p. 1923-
    Details
    In: Biomedicines, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2021-12-15), p. 1923-
    Abstract: In this work, high-temperature pyrolysis was used to prepare both the core and shell of lantha-nide-doped UCNPs with lithium yttrium tetrafluoride (LiYF4) to enhance the green luminescence. Merocyanine 540 (MC540)-grafted magnetic nanoparticles were incorporated in the PD-L1 pep-tide-imprinted poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) particles, which were formed by precipitation in a non-solvent. UCNPs in the non-solvent bath were thus entrapped in the imprinted particles to generate composite nanoparticles for the targeting and photodynamic therapy of PD-L1 in tumor cells. Finally, the in vitro cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles in HepG2 human liver cancer cells was evaluated with the continuous administration of MC540/MNPs@MIPs/UCNPs under irradiation by an NIR laser. To understand the delivery of the UCNP-embedded molecularly imprinted pol-ymers, the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways were also investigated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121923
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720867-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Disinfection of Dental Chair Water Using Aqueous Chlorine Dioxide
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Water Vol. 13, No. 23 ( 2021-12-04), p. 3442-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 23 ( 2021-12-04), p. 3442-
    Abstract: Chlorine dioxide is a safe, environmentally friendly disinfecting agent. In this study, aqueous chlorine dioxide (ACD) was used to improve the water quality of dental chairs. However, chlorine dioxide is readily released from ACD solutions under open atmosphere conditions. Described herein is a water purification and disinfection system using ACD. The system was designed, fabricated, and integrated into an existing dental chair water system. This system is referred to as an ACD dental chair. Because ClO2 readily degasses from ACD, there needs to be a way to maintain and measure the ACD solution in real time. In our studies, we found that pH and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) change as a function of chlorine dioxide concentration and are easily controlled and measured. The dosing of the ACD was designed to begin at 800 mV and stop dosing at 810 mV in the ACD dental chair. Through use of this continuous monitoring and automatic dosing system, the water ORP was controlled between 800 and 860 mV. This range is the effective concentration of chlorine dioxide that is without chlorine-like odor and microorganism growth. The ACD dental chair controlled the total bacterial count to 〈 5 CFU/mL and the chlorite concentration was less than 0.0004 mg/L, meeting legal standards of Taiwan, the USA, and China. In addition to the application of ACD in dental chairs, it may also be used in closed water systems for food, cosmetics, beverages, and other industries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w13233442
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Feasibility and Toxicity of Interval-Compressed Chemotherapy in Asian Children and Young Adults with Sarcoma
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2023-04-14), p. 668-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2023-04-14), p. 668-
    Abstract: Twelve Asian patients with sarcoma received interval-compressed (ic-) chemotherapy scheduled every 14 days with a regimen of vincristine (2 mg/m2), doxorubicin (75 mg/m2), and cyclophosphamide (1200–2200 mg/m2) (VDC) alternating with a regimen of ifosfamide (9000 mg/m2) and etoposide (500 mg/m2) (IE), with filgrastim (5–10 mcg/kg/day) between cycles. Carboplatin (800 mg/m2) was added for CIC-rearranged sarcoma. The patients were treated with 129 cycles of ic-VDC/IE with a median interval of 19 days (interquartile range [IQR], 15–24 days. Median nadirs (IQR) were neutrophil count, 134 (30–396) × 106/L at day 11 (10–12), recovery by day 15 (14–17) and platelet count, 35 (23–83) × 109/L at day 11 (10–13), recovery by day 17 (14–21). Fever and bacteremia were observed in 36% and 8% of cycles, respectively. The diagnoses were Ewing sarcoma (6), rhabdomyosarcoma (3), myoepithelial carcinoma (1), malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (1), and CIC-DUX4 Sarcoma (1). Seven of the nine patients with measurable tumors responded (one CR and six PR). Interval-compressed chemotherapy is feasible in the treatment of Asian children and young adults with sarcomas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040668
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Techno-Economic Analysis Comparing a Hammermill and a Rotary Shear System to Process Woody Biomass for Biofuel Production
    MDPI AG ; 2024
    In:  Energies Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2024-02-14), p. 886-
    Details
    In: Energies, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2024-02-14), p. 886-
    Abstract: Woody biomass feedstock processing, including sorting, drying, and size reduction of biomass to provide standardized reactor-ready biomass to the biorefinery, is crucial to biofuel conversion. This study compares two comminution technology systems applied to woody biomass processing at a depot before being utilized for biofuel production at a biorefinery. The conventional comminution technology, known as the hammermill system, is compared with a rotary shear system developed by Forest Concepts™. Potential economic savings of using the new technology are evaluated by applying a deterministic and a stochastic partial capital budgeting model based on results from an experiment that processed chipped hybrid poplar chips and forest residues with both systems. The stochastic partial capital model estimates that savings will vary between approximately USD 28 and USD 42 per ton of reactor-ready processed biomass, with mean and median values around USD 34 per ton. It is 90% likely that savings will be between USD 30 and USD 39 per ton of reactor-ready processed biomass. The estimated savings are mainly due to differences in input (feedstock) to output (reactor-ready biomass) yields between technologies, affecting feedstock and drying costs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1073
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/en17040886
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2437446-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Synergistic Mutations of LRP6 and WNT10A in Familial Tooth Agenesis
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2021-11-17), p. 1217-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2021-11-17), p. 1217-
    Abstract: Familial tooth agenesis (FTA), distinguished by developmental failure of selected teeth, is one of the most prevalent craniofacial anomalies in humans. Mutations in genes involved in WNT/β-catenin signaling, including AXIN2 WNT10A, WNT10B, LRP6, and KREMEN1, are known to cause FTA. However, mutational interactions among these genes have not been fully explored. In this study, we characterized four FTA kindreds with LRP6 pathogenic mutations: p.(Gln1252*), p.(Met168Arg), p.(Ala754Pro), and p.(Asn1075Ser). The three missense mutations were predicted to cause structural destabilization of the LRP6 protein. Two probands carrying both an LRP6 mutant allele and a WNT10A variant exhibited more severe phenotypes, suggesting mutational synergism or digenic inheritance. Biallelic LRP6 mutations in a patient with many missing teeth further supported the dose-dependence of LRP6-associated FTA. Analysis of 21 FTA cases with 15 different LRP6 loss-of-function mutations revealed high heterogeneity of disease severity and a distinctive pattern of missing teeth, with maxillary canines being frequently affected. We hypothesized that various combinations of sequence variants in WNT-related genes can modulate WNT signaling activities during tooth development and cause a wide spectrum of tooth agenesis severity, which highlights the importance of exome/genome analysis for the genetic diagnosis of FTA in this era of precision medicine.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111217
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Correction: Huang et al. High-Uniform and High-Efficient Color Conversion Nanoporous GaN-Based Micro-LED Display with Embedded Quantum Dots. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 2696
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-01-14), p. 252-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-01-14), p. 252-
    Abstract: The authors wish to make following corrections in this paper [...]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano12020252
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Treatment of Porous Silicon Increases Biocompatibility with Cardiomyocytes
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 19 ( 2021-10-02), p. 10709-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 19 ( 2021-10-02), p. 10709-
    Abstract: Porous silicon is of current interest for cardiac tissue engineering applications. While porous silicon is considered to be a biocompatible material, it is important to assess whether post-etching surface treatments can further improve biocompatibility and perhaps modify cellular behavior in desirable ways. In this work, porous silicon was formed by electrochemically etching with hydrofluoric acid, and was then treated with oxygen plasma or supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). These processes yielded porous silicon with a thickness of around 4 μm. The different post-etch treatments gave surfaces that differed greatly in hydrophilicity: oxygen plasma-treated porous silicon had a highly hydrophilic surface, while scCO2 gave a more hydrophobic surface. The viabilities of H9c2 cardiomyocytes grown on etched surfaces with and without these two post-etch treatments was examined; viability was found to be highest on porous silicon treated with scCO2. Most significantly, the expression of some key genes in the angiogenesis pathway was strongly elevated in cells grown on the scCO2-treated porous silicon, compared to cells grown on the untreated or plasma-treated porous silicon. In addition, the expression of several apoptosis genes were suppressed, relative to the untreated or plasma-treated surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910709
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Assessing Uveitis Risk following Pediatric Down Syndrome Diagnosis: A TriNetX Database Study
    MDPI AG ; 2024
    In:  Medicina Vol. 60, No. 5 ( 2024-04-25), p. 710-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 60, No. 5 ( 2024-04-25), p. 710-
    Abstract: Background and Objectives: The risks of uveitis development among pediatric patients with Down syndrome (DS) remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine the risk of uveitis following a diagnosis of DS. Materials and Methods: This multi-institutional retrospective cohort study utilized the TriNetX database to identify individuals aged 18 years and younger with and without a diagnosis of DS between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2023. The non-DS cohort consisted of randomly selected control patients matched by selected variables. This included gender, age, ethnicity, and certain comorbidities. The main outcome is the incidence of new-onset uveitis. Statistical analysis of the uveitis risk was reported using hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Separate analyses of the uveitis risk among DS patients based on age groups and gender were also performed. Results: A total of 53,993 individuals with DS (46.83% female, 58.26% white, mean age at index 5.21 ± 5.76 years) and 53,993 non-DS individuals (45.56% female, 58.28% white, mean age at index 5.21 ± 5.76 years) were recruited from the TriNetX database. Our analysis also showed no overall increased risk of uveitis among DS patients (HR: 1.33 [CI: 0.89–1.99]) compared to the non-DS cohort across the 23-year study period. Subgroup analyses based on different age groups showed that those aged 0–1 year (HR: 1.36 [CI: 0.68–2.72] ), 0–5 years (HR: 1.34 [CI: 0.75–2.39]), and 6–18 years (HR: 1.15 [CI: 0.67–1.96] ) were found to have no association with uveitis risk compared to their respective non-DS comparators. There was also no increased risk of uveitis among females (HR: 1.49 [CI: 0.87–2.56]) or males (HR: 0.82 [CI: 0.48–1.41] ) with DS compared to their respective non-DS comparators. Conclusions: Our study found no overall increased risk of uveitis following a diagnosis of DS compared to a matched control population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050710
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    P-Coumaric Acid Reverses Depression-Like Behavior and Memory Deficit Via Inhibiting AGE-RAGE-Mediated Neuroinflammation
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cells Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2022-05-10), p. 1594-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2022-05-10), p. 1594-
    Abstract: Depression, a mood disorder, affects one in fifteen adults, has multiple risk factors and is associated with complicated underlying pathological mechanisms. P-coumaric acid (p-CA), a phenolic acid, is widely distributed in vegetables, fruits and mushrooms. P-CA has demonstrated a protective role against oxidative stress and inflammation in various diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. In the current study, we investigated the protection of p-CA against depression and memory impairment in a corticosterone (CORT)-induced chronic depressive mouse model. CORT administration resulted in depression-like behaviors and memory impairment. P-CA treatment alleviated CORT-induced depression-related behaviors and memory impairment. Network pharmacology predicted that p-CA had multiple targets and mediated various signaling pathways, of which inflammation-associated targets and signaling pathways are predominant. Western blotting showed CORT-induced activation of the advanced glycation end product (AGE)-receptor of AGE (RAGE) (AGE-RAGE) signaling and increased expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) in the hippocampus, while p-CA treatment inactivated AGE-RAGE signaling and decreased the levels of IL-1β and TNFα, suggesting that protection against depression and memory impairment by p-CA is mediated by the inhibition of inflammation, mainly via the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Our data suggest that p-CA treatment will benefit patients with depression.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells11101594
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    A Positive Regulatory Feedback Loop between EKLF/KLF1 and TAL1/SCL Sustaining the Erythropoiesis
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 15 ( 2021-07-27), p. 8024-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 15 ( 2021-07-27), p. 8024-
    Abstract: The erythroid Krüppel-like factor EKLF/KLF1 is a hematopoietic transcription factor binding to the CACCC DNA motif and participating in the regulation of erythroid differentiation. With combined use of microarray-based gene expression profiling and the promoter-based ChIP-chip assay of E14.5 fetal liver cells from wild type (WT) and EKLF-knockout (Eklf−/−) mouse embryos, we identified the pathways and direct target genes activated or repressed by EKLF. This genome-wide study together with the molecular/cellular analysis of the mouse erythroleukemic cells (MEL) indicate that among the downstream direct target genes of EKLF is Tal1/Scl. Tal1/Scl encodes another DNA-binding hematopoietic transcription factor TAL1/SCL, known to be an Eklf activator and essential for definitive erythroid differentiation. Further identification of the authentic Tal gene promoter in combination with the in vivo genomic footprinting approach and DNA reporter assay demonstrate that EKLF activates the Tal gene through binding to a specific CACCC motif located in its promoter. These data establish the existence of a previously unknow positive regulatory feedback loop between two DNA-binding hematopoietic transcription factors, which sustains mammalian erythropoiesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158024
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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