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  • MDPI AG  (160)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Industrial Process Monitoring Based on Parallel Global-Local Preserving Projection with Mutual Information
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Machines Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2023-06-01), p. 602-
    Details
    In: Machines, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2023-06-01), p. 602-
    Abstract: This paper proposes a parallel monitoring method for plant-wide processes by integrating mutual information and Bayesian inference into a global-local preserving projections (GLPP)-based multi-block framework. Unlike traditional multivariate statistic process monitoring (MSPM) methods, the proposed MI-PGLPP method transforms plant-wide monitoring into several sub-block monitoringtasks by fully taking advantage of a parallel distributed framework. First, the original datasets of the process are divided into a group of data blocks by quantifying the mutual information of process variables. The block indexes of new data are generated automatically. Second, each data block is modeled by the GLPP method. The variable information and local structure are well preserved during the whole projection. Third, Bayesian inference is introduced to generate final statistics of the process by the probability framework. To illustrate the algorithm performance, a detailed case study is performed on the Tennessee Eastman process. Compared with the principle component analysis and GLPP-based method, the proposed MI-PGLPP provides higher FDRs and superior performance for plant-wide process monitoring.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1702
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/machines11060602
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704328-9
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  • 2
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    Toxicity of Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) A. C. Sm. Essential Oil to the Bed Bug, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Insects Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2019-06-07), p. 162-
    Details
    In: Insects, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2019-06-07), p. 162-
    Abstract: Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) A.C. Smith is an evergreen, woody climbing plant that is widely distributed throughout southwest mainland China. Extracts of this plant are used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of various diseases, like cancer and dermatosis, and as an anodyne to relieve pain, while the leaves are used to treat eczema. In the current study, the toxicity of essential oil from its stem (EOKC) was studied against two strains of bed bugs (Cimex lectularius). Essential oil from the plant was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS. The major compound identified was β-caryophyllene (24.73%), followed by caryophyllene oxide (5.91%), α-humulene (3.48%), and β-pinene (2.54%). Preliminary screening was performed by topically delivering a 1 µL droplet of the treatments dissolved in acetone. At 24 h after treatment, the EOKC induced mortality rates of 61.9% and 66.7% in the Bayonne and Ft. Dix strains, respectively, at 100 µg/bug. Four major compounds—β-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, α-humulene, and β-pinene—were selected based on their availability and were subjected to topical, residual, and fumigation methods. When applied topically, only β-caryophyllene induced high toxicity in both strains. None of the selected compounds induced significant toxicity in the residual and fumigation methods.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4450
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/insects10060162
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662247-6
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  • 3
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    A Novel Nomogram Based on Quantitative MRI and Clinical Features for the Prediction of Neonatal Intracranial Hypertension
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Children Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2023-09-22), p. 1582-
    Details
    In: Children, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2023-09-22), p. 1582-
    Abstract: Intracranial hypertension (ICH) is a serious threat to the health of neonates. However, early and accurate diagnosis of neonatal intracranial hypertension remains a major challenge in clinical practice. In this study, a predictive model based on quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and clinical parameters was developed to identify neonates with a high risk of ICH. Newborns who were suspected of having intracranial lesions were included in our study. We utilized quantitative MRI to obtain the volumetric data of gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid. After the MRI examination, a lumbar puncture was performed. The nomogram was constructed by incorporating the volumetric data and clinical features by multivariable logistic regression. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by discrimination, calibration curve, and decision curve. Clinical parameters and volumetric quantitative MRI data, including postmenstrual age (p = 0.06), weight (p = 0.02), mode of delivery (p = 0.01), and gray matter volume (p = 0.003), were included in and significantly associated with neonatal intracranial hypertension risk. The nomogram showed satisfactory discrimination, with an area under the curve of 0.761. Our results demonstrated that decision curve analysis had promising clinical utility of the nomogram. The nomogram, incorporating clinical and quantitative MRI features, provided an individualized prediction of neonatal intracranial hypertension risk and facilitated decision making guidance for the early diagnosis and treatment for neonatal ICH. External validation from studies using a larger sample size before implementation in the clinical decision-making process is needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/children10101582
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2732685-8
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  • 4
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    Geochemical Characteristics and Metallogenic Significance of the X03 Vein Tourmaline in the Jiajika Rare Metal Deposit, West Sichuan
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Minerals Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2023-06-13), p. 805-
    Details
    In: Minerals, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2023-06-13), p. 805-
    Abstract: The Jiajika rare metal deposit contains the largest area of granitic pegmatite-type rare metal deposits in China. The X03 vein is an immense rare metal deposit dominated by lithium, which was found in the deposit in recent years. The contact metamorphic belt of tourmalinization and petrochemistry is widely developed in its wall rocks, and the altered rocks formed contain Li and other rare metal mineralization. In this paper, the tourmaline found in the different rocks of the Jiajika X03 vein is divided into four types: two-mica quartz schist (Tur-Ⅰ), tourmaline hornfels (Tur-Ⅱ), tourmaline-bearing granite pegmatite (Tur-Ⅲ) and spodumene-bearing granite pegmatite (Tur-Ⅳ); their in situ major element, trace element and boron isotope data are systematically studied. The results show that all tourmalines in the Jiajika X03 vein deposit belong to the alkali group, and are schorl–Oxy/Fluor–schorl, dravite–Hydroxy-dravite and foitite–Oxy foitite solid solutions, among which Tur-Ⅰ are dravite, Tur-Ⅱ are foitite of hydrothermal origin and Tur-Ⅲ and Tur-Ⅳ are schorl of magmatic origin. The boron isotope values show that the boron involved the formation process of tourmaline mainly originates from the Majingzi S-type granite, and the boron isotope variations in tourmaline are controlled by melt fluid and Rayleigh fractionation. Moreover, there is a clear correlation between the B isotope value of tourmaline and the Li, Mn, Zn, Mg, and V contents, showing that these contents in tourmaline are good indicators of the mineralization type of pegmatite.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-163X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/min13060805
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2655947-X
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  • 5
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    Hypermethylation of UCHL1 Promotes Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Suppressing Degradation of Cortactin (CTTN)
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Cells Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2020-02-27), p. 559-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2020-02-27), p. 559-
    Abstract: Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the development and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the epigenetic mechanisms underlying NPC metastasis remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that hypermethylation of the UCHL1 promoter leads to its downregulation in NPC. Restoration of UCHL1 inhibited the migration and invasion of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo, and knockdown of UCHL1 promoted NPC cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we found that UCHL1 interacts with CTTN, and may function as a ligase promoting CTTN degradation by increasing K48-linked ubiquitination of CTTN. Additionally, restoration of CTTN in NPC cells that overexpressed UCHL1 rescued UCHL1 suppressive effects on NPC cell migration and invasion, which indicated that CTTN is a functional target of UCHL1 in NPC. Our findings revealed that UCHL1 acts as a tumor suppressor gene in NPC and thus provided a novel therapeutic target for NPC treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells9030559
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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  • 6
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    High-Resolution Mapping of Soil Organic Matter at the Field Scale Using UAV Hyperspectral Images with a Small Calibration Dataset
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 2023-03-03), p. 1433-
    Details
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 2023-03-03), p. 1433-
    Abstract: The rapid acquisition of high-resolution spatial distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) at the field scale is essential for precision agriculture. The UAV imaging hyperspectral technology, with its high spatial resolution and timeliness, can fill the research gap between ground-based monitoring and remote sensing. This study aimed to test the feasibility of using UAV hyperspectral data (400–1000 nm) with a small-sized calibration sample set for mapping SOM at a 1 m resolution in typical low-relief black soil areas of Northeast China. The experiment was conducted in an approximately 20 ha field. For calibration, 20 samples were collected using a 100 × 100 m grid sampling strategy, while 20 samples were randomly collected for independent validation. UAV captured hyperspectral images with a spatial resolution of 0.05 × 0.05 m. The extracted spectra within every 1 × 1 m were then averaged to represent the spectra of that grid; this procedure was also performed across the whole field. Upon applying various spectral pretreatments, including absorbance conversion, multiple scattering correction, Savitzky–Golay smoothing filtering, and first-order differentiation, the absolute maximum values of the correlation coefficients of the spectra for SOM increased from 0.41 to 0.58. Importance analysis from the optimal random forest (RF) model showed that the characterized bands of SOM were located in the 450–600 and 750–900 nm regions. When the RF model was used, the UAV hyperspectra data (UAV-RF) were able to successfully predict SOM, with an R2 of 0.53 and RMSE of 1.48 g kg−1. The prediction accuracy was then compared with that obtained using ordinary kriging (OK) and the RF model based on proximal sensing (PS-RF) with the same number of calibration samples. However, the OK method failed to predict the SOM accuracy (RMSE = 2.17 g kg−1; R2 = 0.02) due to a low sampling density. The semi-covariance function was unable to describe the spatial variability of SOM effectively. When the sampling density was increased to 50 × 50 m, OK successfully predicted SOM, with RMSE = 1.37 g kg−1 and R2 = 0.59, and its results were comparable to those of UAV-RF. The prediction accuracy of PS-RF was generally consistent with that of UAV-RF, with RMSE values of 1.41 g kg−1 and 1.48 g kg−1 and R2 values of 0.57 and 0.53, respectively, which indicated that SOM prediction based on UAV-RF is feasible. Additionally, compared with the PS platforms, the UAV hyperspectral technology could simultaneously provide spectral information of tens or even hundreds of continuous bands and spatial information at the same time. This study provides a reference for further research and development of UAV hyperspectral techniques for fine-scale SOM mapping using a small number of samples.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/rs15051433
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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  • 7
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    Genome-Wide Analysis Identified a Set of Conserved lncRNAs Associated with Domestication-Related Traits in Rice
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 9 ( 2021-04-29), p. 4742-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 9 ( 2021-04-29), p. 4742-
    Abstract: Crop domestication, which gives rise to a number of desirable agronomic traits, represents a typical model system of plant evolution. Numerous genomic evidence has proven that noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs and phasiRNAs, as well as protein-coding genes, are selected during crop domestication. However, limited data shows plant long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are also involved in this biological process. In this study, we performed strand-specific RNA sequencing of cultivated rice Oryza sativa ssp. japonica and O. sativa ssp. indica, and their wild progenitor O. rufipogon. We identified a total of 8528 lncRNAs, including 4072 lncRNAs in O. rufipogon, 2091 lncRNAs in japonica rice, and 2365 lncRNAs in indica rice. The lncRNAs expressed in wild rice were revealed to be shorter in length and had fewer exon numbers when compared with lncRNAs from cultivated rice. We also identified a number of conserved lncRNAs in the wild and cultivated rice. The functional study demonstrated that several of these conserved lncRNAs are associated with domestication-related traits in rice. Our findings revealed the feature and conservation of lncRNAs during rice domestication and will further promote functional studies of lncRNAs in rice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094742
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
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    Nobiletin Inhibits Hypoxia-Induced Placental Damage via Modulating P53 Signaling Pathway
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 14, No. 11 ( 2022-06-01), p. 2332-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 11 ( 2022-06-01), p. 2332-
    Abstract: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of Nobiletin (NOB) on the placenta of Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats that had undergone reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) surgery and to evaluate the safety of NOB intervention during pregnancy. The results showed that NOB alleviated placental hypoxia, attenuated placental cell apoptosis, and inhibited placental damage in RUPP rats. No side effect of NOB intervention during pregnancy was observed. BeWo cell lines with P53 knockdown were then constructed using lentiviral transfection, and the P53 signaling pathway was found to be essential for NOB to reduce hypoxia-induced apoptosis of the BeWo cell lines. In summary, NOB attenuated hypoxia-induced placental damage by regulating the P53 signaling pathway, and those findings may contribute some insights into the role of NOB in placental development and the prevention of placental-related diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu14112332
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 9
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    Coordinate Inheritance of Seed Isoflavone and Protein in Soybean
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Agriculture Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-08-08), p. 1178-
    Details
    In: Agriculture, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-08-08), p. 1178-
    Abstract: Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an important nutritional crop, not only as a rich source of protein and oil, but also for the production of isoflavones. There is a demand to breed soybean cultivars bearing consistently high protein, oil and isoflavone yields, yet this requires a clear heritable genetic relationship among isoflavone, protein and oil production. Here, two soybean genotypes contrasting in terms of protein, oil and isoflavone contents and their 185 F8:10 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were employed to characterize seed protein, oil and isoflavone contents over two years of field trials. In this population, protein, but not oil, was significantly correlated with isoflavone content. A high-density genetic linkage map containing 3943 SNP markers identified through genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology was constructed for further genetic analysis, whereby a total of 25 integrated isoflavone loci were identified, including qISO1, qISO 6.1, qISO 6.3 and qISO 6.4, which are newly identified QTLs. Two major QTLs identified in this study, qISO5 and qISO6.2, were fine-mapped for production of daidzein and genistein derivatives, as well as for glycitein derivatives, in the sequences between nucleotide positions 41042159 and 42098680 on chromosome 5 and between 18449510 and 19395795 on chromosome 6, which, respectively, explain 9.3–20.4% and 7.8–24.8% of the phenotypic variation in these traits. Further combination of qISO5 and qISO6.2 resulted in additive impacts on isoflavone production. Among the 13 QTLs linked with seed protein content in this study, three also colocated with QTLs for isoflavone content, indicating that seed isoflavone and protein content may be coordinately inherited. These results contribute to understanding the relationships between isoflavone and protein or oil content in soybean seeds. This knowledge could be valuable for soybean breeding programs aiming to combine consistently high isoflavone production with high protein or oil content.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0472
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agriculture12081178
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651678-0
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  • 10
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    Spatial Distribution Pattern and Risk Assessment of Invasive Alien Plants on Southern Side of the Daba Mountain Area
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Diversity Vol. 14, No. 12 ( 2022-11-23), p. 1019-
    Details
    In: Diversity, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 12 ( 2022-11-23), p. 1019-
    Abstract: The southern side of the Daba Mountain area is a hotspot of global biodiversity and an essential barrier promoting ecological security. However, knowledge about the distribution status and transmission pathways of invasive alien species (IAS) in this area is limited. We counted the IAS on the southern side of the Daba Mountain area through sample transects and analyzed the factors affecting their spatial distribution. We also assessed IAS risk using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), which found 64 IAS belonging to 23 families and 53 genera. Around rivers and roads, the results showed a vertical two-way dispersal pattern. Human and environmental factors, such as a very dense transportation network, can affect the distribution pattern of IAS. AHP assessed 43 IAS (67.19%), primarily distributed in villages and towns, as being of high or medium risk. High- and medium-risk IAS should be the focus of invasion prevention and control, and priority should be given to controlling the spread of IAS around rivers and roads.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-2818
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/d14121019
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518137-3
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