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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of Hospital-Based and Home-Based Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Severity Measurements with a Single-Lead Electrocardiogram Patch
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Sensors Vol. 21, No. 23 ( 2021-12-03), p. 8097-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 23 ( 2021-12-03), p. 8097-
    Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a global health concern, and polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for assessing OSA severity. However, the sleep parameters of home-based and in-laboratory PSG vary because of environmental factors, and the magnitude of these discrepancies remains unclear. We enrolled 125 Taiwanese patients who underwent PSG while wearing a single-lead electrocardiogram patch (RootiRx). After the PSG, all participants were instructed to continue wearing the RootiRx over three subsequent nights. Scores on OSA indices—namely, the apnoea–hypopnea index, chest effort index (CEI), cyclic variation of heart rate index (CVHRI), and combined CVHRI and CEI (Rx index), were determined. The patients were divided into three groups based on PSG-determined OSA severity. The variables (various severity groups and environmental measurements) were subjected to mean comparisons, and their correlations were examined by Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The hospital-based CVHRI, CEI, and Rx index differed significantly among the severity groups. All three groups exhibited a significantly lower percentage of supine sleep time in the home-based assessment, compared with the hospital-based assessment. The percentage of supine sleep time (∆Supine%) exhibited a significant but weak to moderate positive correlation with each of the OSA indices. A significant but weak-to-moderate correlation between the ∆Supine% and ∆Rx index was still observed among the patients with high sleep efficiency (≥80%), who could reduce the effect of short sleep duration, leading to underestimation of the patients’ OSA severity. The high supine percentage of sleep may cause OSA indices’ overestimation in the hospital-based examination. Sleep recording at home with patch-type wearable devices may aid in accurate OSA diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s21238097
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    Secondary Metabolites of the Endophytic Fungus Lachnum abnorme from Ardisia cornudentata
    MDPI AG ; 2016
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 17, No. 9 ( 2016-09-08), p. 1512-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 9 ( 2016-09-08), p. 1512-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091512
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Integrated Omic Analysis of Human Plasma Metabolites and Microbiota in a Hypertension Cohort
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2023-04-25), p. 2074-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2023-04-25), p. 2074-
    Abstract: Hypertension is closely related to metabolic dysregulation, which is associated with microbial dysbiosis and altered host–microbiota interactions. However, plasma metabolite profiles and their relationships to oral/gut microbiota in hypertension have not been evaluated in depth. Plasma, saliva, subgingival plaques, and feces were collected from 52 hypertensive participants and 24 healthy controls in a cross-sectional cohort. Untargeted metabolomic profiling of plasma was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Microbial profiling of oral and gut samples was determined via 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing. Correlations between metabolites and clinic parameters/microbiota were identified using Spearman’s correlation analysis. Metabolomic evaluation showed distinct clusters of metabolites in plasma between hypertensive participants and control participants. Hypertensive participants had six significantly increased and thirty-seven significantly decreased plasma metabolites compared to controls. The plasma metabolic similarity significantly correlated with the community similarity of microbiota. Both oral and gut microbial community composition had significant correlations with metabolites such as Sphingosine 1-phosphate, a molecule involved in the regulation of blood pressure. Plasma metabolites had a larger number of significant correlations with bacterial genera than fungal genera. The shared oral/gut bacterial genera had more correlations with metabolites than unique genera but shared fungal genera and metabolites did not show clear clusters. The hypertension group had fewer correlations between plasma metabolites and bacteria/fungi than controls at species level. The integrative analysis of plasma metabolome and oral/gut microbiome identified unreported alterations of plasma metabolites in hypertension and revealed correlations between altered metabolites and oral/gut microbiota. These observations suggested metabolites and microbiota may become valuable targets for therapeutic and preventive interventions of hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu15092074
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Anti-Inflammatory and Antibacterial Activity Constituents from the Stem of Cinnamomum validinerve
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Molecules Vol. 25, No. 15 ( 2020-07-25), p. 3382-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 25, No. 15 ( 2020-07-25), p. 3382-
    Abstract: One new dibenzocycloheptene, validinol (1), and one butanolide firstly isolated from the natural source, validinolide (2), together with 17 known compounds were isolated from the stem of Cinnamomum validinerve. Among the isolates, lincomolide A (3), secosubamolide (7), and cinnamtannin B1 (19) exhibited potent inhibition on both superoxide anion generation (IC50 values of 2.98 ± 0.3 µM, 4.37 ± 0.38 µM, and 2.20 ± 0.3 µM, respectively) and elastase release (IC50 values of 3.96 ± 0.31 µM, 3.04 ± 0.23 µM, and 4.64 ± 0.71 µM, respectively) by human neutrophils. In addition, isophilippinolide A (6), secosubamolide (7), and cinnamtannin B1 (19) showed bacteriostatic effects against Propionibacterium acnes in in vitro study, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values at 16 μg/mL, 16 μg/mL, and 500 μg/mL, respectively. Further investigations using the in vivo ear P. acnes infection model showed that the intraperitoneal administration of the major component cinnamtannin B1 (19) reduced immune cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 at the infection sites. The results demonstrated the potential of cinnamtannin B1 (19) for acne therapy. In summary, these results demonstrated the anti-inflammatory potentials of Formosan C. validinerve during bacterial infections.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153382
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 5
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    Nitrogen Functionalities of Amino-Functionalized Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots for Highly Efficient Enhancement of Antimicrobial Therapy to Eliminate Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Utilization as a Contrast Agent
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 18 ( 2021-09-07), p. 9695-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 18 ( 2021-09-07), p. 9695-
    Abstract: There is an urgent need for materials that can efficiently generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and be used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) as two-photon imaging contrast probes. In this study, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were subjected to amino group functionalization and nitrogen doping (amino-N-GQDs) via annealing and hydrothermal ammonia autoclave treatments. The synthesized dots could serve as a photosensitizer in PDT and generate more ROS than conventional GQDs under 60-s low-energy (fixed output power: 0.07 W·cm−2) excitation exerted by a 670-nm continuous-wave laser. The generated ROS were used to completely eliminate a multidrug-resistant strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a Gram-positive bacterium. Compared with conventional GQDs, the amino-N-GQDs had superior optical properties, including stronger absorption, higher quantum yield (0.34), stronger luminescence, and high stability under exposure. The high photostability and intrinsic luminescence of amino-N-GQDs contribute to their suitability as contrast probes for use in biomedical imaging, in addition to their bacteria tracking and localization abilities. Herein, the dual-modality amino-N-GQDs in PDT easily eliminated multidrug-resistant bacteria, ultimately revealing their potential for use in future clinical applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189695
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
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    Exploring the Benefits and Limitations of Digital Twin Technology in Building Energy
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 13, No. 15 ( 2023-07-30), p. 8814-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 15 ( 2023-07-30), p. 8814-
    Abstract: Buildings consume a significant amount of energy throughout their lifecycle; Thus, sustainable energy management is crucial for all buildings, and controlling energy consumption has become increasingly important for achieving sustainable construction. Digital twin (DT) technology, which lies at the core of Industry 4.0, has gained widespread adoption in various fields, including building energy analysis. With the ability to monitor, optimize, and predict building energy consumption in real time. DT technology has enabled sustainable building energy management and cost reduction. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the development and application of DT technology in building energy. Specifically, it discusses the background of building information modeling (BIM) and DT technology and their application in energy optimization in buildings. Additionally, this article reviews the application of DT technology in building energy management, indoor environmental monitoring, and building energy efficiency evaluation. It also examines the benefits and challenges of implementing DT technology in building energy analysis and highlights recent case studies. Furthermore, this review emphasizes emerging trends and opportunities for future research, including integrating machine learning techniques with DT technology. The use of DT technology in the energy sector is gaining momentum as efforts to optimize energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions continue. The advancement of building energy analysis and machine learning technologies is expected to enhance prediction accuracy, optimize energy efficiency, and improve management processes. These advancements have become the focal point of current literature and have the potential to facilitate the transition to clean energy, ultimately achieving sustainable development goals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app13158814
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Two-Photon–Near Infrared-II Antimicrobial Graphene-Nanoagent for Ultraviolet–Near Infrared Imaging and Photoinactivation
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 6 ( 2022-03-17), p. 3230-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 6 ( 2022-03-17), p. 3230-
    Abstract: Nitrogen doping and amino group functionalization through chemical modification lead to strong electron donation. Applying these processes to a large π-conjugated system of graphene quantum dot (GQD)-based materials as electron donors increases the charge transfer efficiency of nitrogen-doped amino acid-functionalized GQDs (amino-N-GQDs), resulting in enhanced two-photon absorption, post-two-photon excitation (TPE) stability, TPE cross-sections, and two-photon luminescence through the radiative pathway when the lifetime decreases and the quantum yield increases. Additionally, it leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species through two-photon photodynamic therapy (PDT). The sorted amino-N-GQDs prepared in this study exhibited excitation-wavelength-independent two-photon luminescence in the near-infrared region through TPE in the near-infrared-II region. The increase in size resulted in size-dependent photochemical and electrochemical efficacy, increased photoluminescence quantum yield, and efficient two-photon PDT. Therefore, the sorted amino-N-GQDs can be applicable as two-photon contrast probes to track and localize analytes in in-depth two-photon imaging executed in a biological environment along with two-photon PDT to eliminate infectious or multidrug-resistant microbes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063230
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
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    Screen-Printable Silver Paste Material for Semitransparent and Flexible Metal–Semiconductor–Metal Photodetectors with Liquid-Phase Procedure
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 12, No. 14 ( 2022-07-15), p. 2428-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 14 ( 2022-07-15), p. 2428-
    Abstract: Photodetectors are widely applied in modern industrial fields because they convert light energy into electrical signals. We propose a printable silver (Ag) paste electrode for a highly flexible metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) broadband visible light photodetector as a wearable and portable device. Single-crystal and surface-textured silicon substrates with thicknesses of 37.21 μm were fabricated using a wet etching process. Surface texturization on flexible Si substrates enhances the light-trapping effect and minimizes reflectance from the incident light, and the average reflectance is reduced by 16.3% with pyramid-like structures. In this study, semitransparent, conductive Ag paste electrodes were manufactured using a screen-printing with liquid-phase process to form a flexible MSM broadband visible light photodetector. The transmittance of the homemade Ag paste solution fell between 34.83% and 36.98% in the wavelength range of visible light, from 400 nm to 800 nm. The highest visible light photosensitivity was 1.75 × 104 at 19.5 W/m2. The photocurrents of the flexible MSM broadband visible light photodetector were slightly changed under concave and convex conditions, displaying stable and durable bending properties.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano12142428
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Efficacy of Intense Pulsed Light Combined Blood Extract Eye Drops for Treatment of Nociceptive Pain in Dry Eye Patients
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2022-02-27), p. 1312-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2022-02-27), p. 1312-
    Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) combined with deproteinized calf blood extract (DCBE) eye drops for dry eye disease (DED) patients with nociceptive ocular pain. Methods: In this prospective, one-center, interventional study, 23 subjects with DED and ocular pain were treated with a combination of IPL and DCBE eye drops for four sessions at a four-week interval. Subjective and objective assessments on nociceptive pain and dry eye were examined and analyzed. Results: The visual analog scale (VAS), ocular surface disease index, ocular pain assessment survey (OPAS), patient health questionnaire-9 items, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), Athens insomnia scale, corneal fluorescein staining score, meibomian gland secretion quality, and expressibility scores were significantly reduced after the treatment. Tear break-up time and Schirmer I test increased significantly. The brand density of corneal nerves and neuropeptide substance P also significantly increased. OPAS, GAD-7, meibomian gland secretion quality, and expressibility scores were essential factors affecting the VAS changes. Conclusions: IPL combined with DCBE drop therapy was effective for DED patients with ocular pain. With such treatment, both DED symptoms and the sensation of ocular pain may be improved.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051312
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 10
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    Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Gel Formulation of Recombinant Human Thrombomodulin Improve Diabetic Wound Healing by Topical Administration
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Pharmaceutics Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2021-09-02), p. 1386-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceutics, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2021-09-02), p. 1386-
    Abstract: Recombinant human thrombomodulin (rhTM), an angiogenesis factor, has been demonstrated to stimulate cell proliferation, keratinocyte migration and wound healing. The objective of this study was to develop nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) formulations encapsulating rhTM for promoting chronic wound healing. RhTM-loaded NLCs were prepared and characterized. Encapsulation efficiency was more than 92%. The rate of rhTM release from different NLC formulations was influenced by their lipid compositions and was sustained for more than 72 h. Studies on diabetic mouse wound model suggested that rhTM-NLC 1.2 µg accelerated wound healing and was similar to recombinant human epidermal growth factor-NLC (rhEGF-NLC) 20 µg. By incorporating 0.085% carbopol (a highly crosslinked polyacrylic acid polymer) into rhTM NLC, the NLC-gel presented similar particle characteristics, and demonstrated physical stability, sustained release property and stability within 12 weeks. Both rhTM NLC and rhTM NLC-gel improved wound healing of diabetic mice and cell migration of human epidermal keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) significantly. In comparison with rhTM solution, plasma concentrations of rhTM post applications of NLC and NLC-gel formulations were lower and more sustained in 24 h. The developed rhTM NLC and rhTM NLC-gel formulations are easy to prepare, stable and convenient to apply to the wound with reduced systemic exposure, which may warrant potential delivery systems for the care of chronic wound patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4923
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091386
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527217-2
    SSG: 15,3
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