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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Elucidation of the Flavor Aspects and Flavor-Associated Genomic Regions in Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) by Metabolomic Analysis and QTL-seq
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Foods Vol. 11, No. 16 ( 2022-08-14), p. 2450-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 16 ( 2022-08-14), p. 2450-
    Abstract: Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) is a commercially important cucurbitaceous vegetable with health-promoting properties whose collections and cultivars differ considerably in their flavor aspects. However, the metabolomic profile related to flavor has not yet been elucidated. In the present study, a comprehensive metabolite analysis revealed the metabolite profile of the strong-flavor collection “J120” and weak-flavor collection “G32”. The major differentially expressed metabolites included carboxylic acids, their derivatives, and organooxygen compounds, which are involved in amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism. QTL-seq was used to identify candidate genomic regions controlling flavor in a MAGIC population comprising 377 elite lines. Three significant genomic regions were identified, and candidate genes likely associated with flavor were screened. Our study provides useful information for understanding the metabolic causes of flavor variation among bottle gourd collections and cultivars. Furthermore, the identified candidate genomic regions may facilitate rational breeding programs to improve bottle gourd quality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods11162450
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704223-6
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  • 2
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    Identification of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) OVATE Family Genes and Functional Characterization of LsOVATE1
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Biomolecules Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2022-12-30), p. 85-
    Details
    In: Biomolecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2022-12-30), p. 85-
    Abstract: The OVATE gene family is a class of conserved transcription factors that play significant roles in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress, and also affect fruit shape in vegetable crops. Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), commonly known as calabash or gourd, is an annual climber belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. Studies on bottle gourd OVATE genes are limited. In this study, we performed genome-wide identification of the OVATE gene family in bottle gourd, and identified a total of 20 OVATE family genes. The identified genes were unevenly distributed across 11 bottle gourd chromosomes. We also analyzed the gene homology, amino acid sequence conservation, and three-dimensional protein structure (via prediction) of the 20 OVATE family genes. We used RNA-seq data to perform expression analysis, which found 20 OVATE family genes to be differentially expressed based on spatial and temporal characteristics, suggesting that they have varying functions in the growth and development of bottle gourd. In situ hybridization and subcellular localization analysis showed that the expression characteristics of the LsOVATE1 gene, located on chromosome 7 homologous to OVATE, is a candidate gene for affecting the fruit shape of bottle gourd. In addition, RT-qPCR data from bottle gourd roots, stems, leaves, and flowers showed different spatial expression of the LsOVATE1 gene. The ectopic expression of LsOVATE1 in tomato generated a phenotype with a distinct fruit shape and development. Transgenic-positive plants that overexpressed LsOVATE1 had cone-shaped fruit, calyx hypertrophy, petal degeneration, and petal retention after flowering. Our results indicate that LsOVATE1 could serve important roles in bottle gourd development and fruit shape determination, and provide a basis for future research into the function of LsOVATE1.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2218-273X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biom13010085
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2701262-1
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  • 3
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    Unravelling the Genetic Architecture of Rust Resistance in the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by Combining QTL-Seq and GWAS Analysis
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Plants Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2022-03-31), p. 953-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2022-03-31), p. 953-
    Abstract: The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important legume crop directly used for human consumption worldwide. Bean rust, caused by Uromyces appendiculatus, is a devastating disease and usually causes severe loss of seed yield and pod quality. Deployment of resistant cultivars is the best strategy to combat this disease. However, despite being the largest snap bean-producing country, the genetic basis research of rust resistance has largely lagged in China. In this study, an RIL population and a diversity panel were evaluated for rust resistance against a purified rust isolate Cua-LS using a detached leaf assay. Deploying a QTL-Seq analysis in the RIL population, a 1.81 Mb interval on chromosome 4, a 2.73 Mb interval on chromosome 5 and a 1.26 Mb interval on chromosome 6 were identified as major QTLs for rust resistance, designated as Qur-1, Qur-2 and Qur-3, respectively. Through a GWAS diversity panel, 64 significant SNPs associated with rust resistance were detected, distributed in all 11 chromosomes and explaining 19–49% of the phenotypic variation. Synteny analysis showed that Qur-2 was validated in GWAS, but the rust QTL/SNPs detected in our study were different from the known genes, except Ur-11. A total of 114 candidate genes, including the typical NBS-LRR genes, protein kinase superfamily proteins and ABC transporter family proteins, were identified and proposed as the likely candidates. The identified 17 resistant accessions will enrich the resistant germplasm resources, and the detected QTLs/SNPs will facilitate the molecular breeding of rust resistance in the common bean.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants11070953
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 4
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    Identification of Genomic Regions Associated with Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Cowpea
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 12, No. 14 ( 2022-07-07), p. 6889-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 14 ( 2022-07-07), p. 6889-
    Abstract: Fusarium wilt (FW), caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Tracheiphilum, is a serious threat to cowpea production worldwide. Understanding the genetic architecture of FW resistance is a prerequisite to combatting this disease and developing FW resistance varieties. In the current study, a genetic diversity panel of 99 cowpea accessions was collected, and they were infected by a single strain, FW-HZ. The disease index (DI) based on the two indicators of leaf damage (LFD) and vascular discoloration (VD) varied highly across the population: most accessions were susceptible, and only seven accessions showed resistant phenotypes by both indicators. Through a genome-wide association study (GWAS), 3 and 7 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with LFD and VD were detected, respectively, which were distributed on chromosomes 3, 4, 5, 6 and 9, accounting for 0.68–13.92% of phenotypic variation. Based on the cowpea reference genome, 30 putative genes were identified and proposed as the likely candidates, including leucine-rich repeat protein kinase family protein, protein kinase superfamily protein and zinc finger family protein. These results provide novel insights into the genetic architecture of FW resistance and a basis for molecular breeding of FW resistant cultivars in cowpea.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app12146889
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Typhonium giganteum Lectin Exerts A Pro-Inflammatory Effect on RAW 264.7 via ROS and The NF-κB Signaling Pathway
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Toxins Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2017-09-07), p. 275-
    Details
    In: Toxins, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2017-09-07), p. 275-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6651
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/toxins9090275
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518395-3
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  • 6
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    A SERPINE1-Based Immune Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response in Gastric Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Pharmaceuticals Vol. 15, No. 11 ( 2022-11-14), p. 1401-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceuticals, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 11 ( 2022-11-14), p. 1401-
    Abstract: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy has been successfully utilized in the treatment of multiple tumors, but only a fraction of patients with gastric cancer (GC) could greatly benefit from it. A recent study has shown that the tumor microenvironment (TME) can greatly affect the effect of immunotherapy in GC. In this study, we established a novel immune risk signature (IRS) for prognosis and predicting response to ICIs in GC based on the TCGA-STAD dataset. Characterization of the TME was explored and further validated to reveal the underlying survival mechanisms and the potential therapeutic targets of GC. The GC patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups based on the IRS. Patients in the high-risk group, associated with poorer outcomes, were characterized by significantly higher immune function. Further analysis showed higher T cell immune dysfunction and probability of potential immune escape. In vivo, we detected the expressions of SERPINE1 by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)in tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues. In vitro, knockdown of SERPINE1 significantly attenuated malignant biological behaviors of tumor cells in GC. Our signature can effectively predict the prognosis and response to immunotherapy in patients with GC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8247
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ph15111401
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2193542-7
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Novel Triazole Compounds Containing Piperazine Moiety
    MDPI AG ; 2014
    In:  Molecules Vol. 19, No. 8 ( 2014-07-31), p. 11333-11340
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 8 ( 2014-07-31), p. 11333-11340
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules190811333
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 8
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    Synthesis of g-C3N4 from Various Precursors for Photocatalytic H2 Evolution under the Visible Light
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Crystals Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2022-11-26), p. 1719-
    Details
    In: Crystals, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2022-11-26), p. 1719-
    Abstract: Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) fabricated from different precursors exhibits unique microstructures and photocatalytic performance under visible light. Herein, we synthesized five different microstructures of g-C3N4 by the thermal poly condensation method using guanidine hydrochloride, melamine, urea, dicyandiamide and thiourea as the precursors. The results indicated that g-C3N4 prepared from urea precursor (UCN) has a nanostructure, porous layered structure, large specific surface area, and high separation efficiency of photo generated hole-electron pairs, which showed the best photocatalytic activity among all of the as-prepared samples. As for the lowest cost among the above five precursors, urea is an ideal candidate material for preparing g-C3N4 photocatalyst for a huge potential of wide industrial applications. In addition, Pt or Ni were used as the co-catalyst and loaded onto the g-C3N4 surface for photocatalytic hydrogen production. In comparison with noble metal Pt co-catalyst, Ni co-catalyst is inexpensive and has a significant effect o enhancing the photocatalytic activity under visible light. Therefore, Ni exhibits a considerable prospect to replace noble metal co-catalysts in the photocatalytic reactions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4352
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cryst12121719
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661516-2
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  • 9
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    Self-Assembled BODIPY Derivative with A-D-A Structure as Organic Nanoparticles for Photodynamic/Photothermal Cancer Therapy
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 22 ( 2022-11-21), p. 14473-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 22 ( 2022-11-21), p. 14473-
    Abstract: Organic nanomaterials have attracted considerable attention in the area of photodynamic and photothermal therapy, owing to their outstanding biocompatibility, potential biodegradability, well-defined chemical structure, and easy functionalization. However, it is still a challenge to develop a single organic molecule that obtains both photothermal and photodynamic effects. In this contribution, we synthesized a new boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based derivative (DPBDP) with an acceptor–donor–acceptor (A-D-A) structure by coupling 3,6-di(2-thienyl)-2,5-dihydropyrrolo [3,4-c] pyrrole-1,4-dione (DPP) and BODIPY. To enhance the hydrophilicity of the BODIPY derivative, the polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains were introduced to the meso- position of BODIPY core. The amphiphilic DPBDP was then self-assembled into related nanoparticles (DPBDP NPs) with improved hydrophilicity and enhanced absorbance in the NIR region. DPBDP NPs could simultaneously generate the singlet oxygen (1O2) and heat under the irradiation of a single laser (690 nm). The 1O2 quantum yield and photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) of DPBDP NPs were calculated to be 14.2% and 26.1%, respectively. The biocompatibility and phototherapeutic effect of DPBDP NPs were evaluated through cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Under irradiation of 690 nm laser (1.0 W/cm2), the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of DPBDP NPs was calculated to be 16.47 µg/mL. Thus, the as-prepared DPBDP NPs could be acted as excellent candidates for synergistic photodynamic/photothermal therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214473
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Research on a Non-PLL Control Strategy for a Flexible Fault Current Limiter and Its Application in Improving the FRT Capability of Microgrids
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Symmetry Vol. 14, No. 12 ( 2022-12-15), p. 2652-
    Details
    In: Symmetry, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 12 ( 2022-12-15), p. 2652-
    Abstract: Aiming to achieve fault ride-through (FRT) in a microgrid under the condition of an asymmetric power grid, this paper proposes a scheme that applies the cascaded H-bridge flexible fault current limiter to realize both voltage regulation and current limiting at the point of common coupling (PCC). In order to overcome the instability of phase-locked loop (PLL) and its other problems, in the double-synchronous rotating coordinate system, the dq-axis components of each sequence electric quantity can be extracted without PLL by setting the rotational angular frequency of the coordinate axis to a given value. To eliminate the deviation between the set frequency and the actual frequency of the power grid, the calculation formula for the frequency correction amount is deduced, and, based on this, an iterative correction method for the set frequency of the rotating coordinate system is proposed. In this way, the set frequency can adaptively follow the actual frequency of the power grid, which ensures the effectiveness of the non-PLL scheme. Based on this, a sequence decomposition and compensation control strategy for the CHB-FFCL is presented. Finally, through the MATLAB/Simulink platform simulation, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified and thereby shown to improve the FRT capability of microgrids under complex grid conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-8994
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/sym14122652
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518382-5
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