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  • MDPI AG  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sliding Mode Control of Laterally Interconnected Air Suspensions
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2020-06-23), p. 4320-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2020-06-23), p. 4320-
    Abstract: This paper presents a control method based the lateral interconnected air suspension system, in order to improve the road handling of vehicles. A seven-DOF (Degree of freedom) full-vehicle model has been developed, which considers the features of the interconnected air suspension system, for example, the modeling of the interconnected pipelines and valves by considering the throttling and hysteresis effects. On the basis of the well-developed model, a sliding mode controller has been designed, with a focus on constraining and minimizing the roll motion of the sprung mass caused by the road excitations or lateral acceleration of the vehicle. Moreover, reasonable road excitations have been generated for the simulation based on the coherence of right and left parts of the road. Afterwards, different simulations have been done by applying both bumpy and random road excitations with different levels of roughness and varying vehicle lateral accelerations. The simulation results indicate that the interconnected air suspension without control can improve the ride comfort, but worsen the road handling performance in many cases. However, by applying the proposed sliding mode controller, the road handling of the sprung mass can be improved by 20% to 85% compared with the interconnected or non-interconnected mode at a little cost of comfort.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app10124320
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Electrokinetic Remediation of Zn-Polluted Soft Clay Using a Novel Electrolyte Chamber Configuration
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Toxics Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2023-03-12), p. 263-
    Details
    In: Toxics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2023-03-12), p. 263-
    Abstract: This study investigated a novel electrolyte chamber configuration for heavy-metal-contaminated fine-grained soil to reduce the leakage of electrolyte solution and alleviate secondary pollution, finally promoting the electrokinetic remediation (EKR) potential to be scaled up for application. Experiments were conducted on clay spiked with Zn to investigate the feasibility of the novel EKR configuration and the effect of different electrolyte compositions on the electrokinetic remedial efficiency. The results show that the electrolyte chamber situated above the soil surface is promising for the remediation of Zn-contaminated soft clay. Using 0.2 M citric acid as the anolytes and catholytes was an excellent choice for pH control in the soil and the electrolytes. Through this, the removal efficiency in different soil sections was relatively uniform and more than 90% of the initial Zn was removed. The supplementing of electrolytes resulted in the water content in the soil being distributed evenly and finally sustained at approximately 43%. Consequently, this study proved that the novel EKR configuration is suitable for fine-grained soil contaminated with Zn.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2305-6304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030263
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2733883-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The ALFF Alterations of Spontaneous Pelvic Pain in the Patients of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Evaluated by fMRI
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Brain Sciences Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2022-10-04), p. 1344-
    Details
    In: Brain Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2022-10-04), p. 1344-
    Abstract: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a challenging entity with complicated symptoms for treatment in the male crowd. Accumulating evidence revealed the dysfunction in the central system should be a critical factor for the pathogenesis and development in the CP/CPPS. Therefore, we recruited 20 patients of CP/CPPS and 20 healthy male volunteers, aged 20 to 50 years. Through resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we analyzed the mean amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (mALFF) and the mean fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (mfALFF) to reflect the spontaneous abnormal activated regions in the brains of CP/CPPS patients. Compared to the healthy controls, the group with CP/CPPS had significantly increased mALFF values in the thalamus and augmented fALFF values in the inferior parietal lobule and cingulate gyrus. Significant positive correlations were observed in the extracted mALFF values in the midbrain periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) and the pain intensity (r = 0.2712, p = 0.0019), mALFF values in the thalamus and the scores of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) anxiety subscale (r = 0.08477, p = 0.0461), and mfALFF values in the superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and the scores of the HADS anxiety subscale (r = 0.07102, p = 0.0282). Therefore, we delineated the clinical alterations in patients of CP/CPPS that might be attributed to the functional abnormality of the thalamus, inferior parietal lobule, and cingulate gyrus. Among these regions, the PAG, thalamus, and SFG may further play an important role in the pathogenesis, with their regulating effect on pain or emotion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101344
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651993-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Manifold Regularized Principal Component Analysis Method Using L2,p-Norm
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Mathematics Vol. 10, No. 23 ( 2022-12-05), p. 4603-
    Details
    In: Mathematics, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 23 ( 2022-12-05), p. 4603-
    Abstract: The main idea of principal component analysis (PCA) is to transform the problem of high-dimensional space into low-dimensional space, and obtain the output sample set after a series of operations on the samples. However, the accuracy of the traditional principal component analysis method in dimension reduction is not very high, and it is very sensitive to outliers. In order to improve the robustness of image recognition to noise and the importance of geometric information in a given data space, this paper proposes a new unsupervised feature extraction model based on l2,p-norm PCA and manifold learning method. To improve robustness, the model method adopts l2,p-norm to reconstruct the distance measure between the error and the original input data. When the image is occluded, the projection direction will not significantly deviate from the expected solution of the model, which can minimize the reconstruction error of the data and improve the recognition accuracy. To verify whether the algorithm proposed by the method is robust, the data sets used in this experiment include ORL database, Yale database, FERET database, and PolyU palmprint database. In the experiments of these four databases, the recognition rate of the proposed method is higher than that of other methods when p=0.5. Finally, the experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper is robust and effective.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-7390
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/math10234603
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704244-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (MEHP)-Induced Telomere Structure and Function Disorder Mediates Cell Cycle Dysregulation and Apoptosis via c-Myc and Its Upstream Transcription Factors in a Mouse Spermatogonia-Derived (GC-1) Cell Line
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Toxics Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2023-05-10), p. 448-
    Details
    In: Toxics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2023-05-10), p. 448-
    Abstract: As a typical environmental endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is thought to be related to reproductive disorders, especially in males. Growing evidence suggests that various EDCs may result in an impaired telomere structure and function, which is associated with male infertility. However, the adverse effect of DEHP on telomeres in male reproductive cells has rarely been studied, and the related mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we tested the effects of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), the primary metabolite of DEHP, on telomere dysfunction in mouse spermatogonia-derived cells (GC-1) and the potential role of TERT and c-Myc in MEHP-induced spermatogenic cell damage. Results showed that MEHP induced cell viability inhibition, G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in GC-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Shortened telomeres, reduced telomerase activity, and decreased expression of TERT, c-Myc, and upstream transcription factors of c-Myc were also observed in the MEHP-treated cells. In conclusion, it can be concluded that TERT-mediated telomere dysfunction may contribute to MEHP-induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in GC-1 cells through the impairment of c-Myc and its upstream transcription factors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2305-6304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050448
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2733883-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimizing the Thermomechanical Process of Nickel-Based ODS Superalloys by an Efficient Method
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Materials Vol. 15, No. 12 ( 2022-06-09), p. 4087-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 12 ( 2022-06-09), p. 4087-
    Abstract: Thermo-mechanical process of nickel-based oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) superalloys is critical to produce desired components. In this study, an efficient method of consolidating powder is introduced to optimize the preparation process, microstructure and properties of nickel-based ODS superalloys. The influences of consolidation temperature, strain rate and ball milling time on the hardness of nickel-based superalloys were studied. The relationship among process, microstructure and hardness was established, the nanoparticles strengthening and grain boundary strengthening in nickel-based ODS superalloys were discussed. The results indicate that long ball milling time, moderately low consolidation temperature and high strain rates are beneficial to improving properties of nickel-based superalloys. Moreover, dispersion strengthening of nanoparticles and grain boundary strengthening play important roles in enhancing nickel-based ODS superalloys.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma15124087
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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