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  • MDPI AG  (67)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enhancement of Epimedium Fried with Suet Oil Based on in Vivo Formation of Self-Assembled Flavonoid Compound Nanomicelles
    MDPI AG ; 2012
    In:  Molecules Vol. 17, No. 11 ( 2012-11-01), p. 12984-12996
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 11 ( 2012-11-01), p. 12984-12996
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules171112984
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rapid and Non-Invasive Assessment of Texture Profile Analysis of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Using Hyperspectral Imaging and Machine Learning
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Foods Vol. 12, No. 17 ( 2023-08-22), p. 3154-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 17 ( 2023-08-22), p. 3154-
    Abstract: Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has been applied to assess the texture profile analysis (TPA) of processed meat. However, whether the texture profiles of live fish muscle could be assessed using HSI has not been determined. In this study, we evaluated the texture profile of four muscle regions of live common carp by scanning the corresponding skin regions using HSI. We collected skin hyperspectral information from four regions of 387 scaled and live common carp. Eight texture indicators of the muscle corresponding to each skin region were measured. With the skin HSI of live common carp, six machine learning (ML) models were used to predict the muscle texture indicators. Backpropagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN), partial least-square regression (PLSR), and least-square support vector machine (LS-SVM) were identified as the optimal models for predicting the texture parameters of the dorsal (coefficients of determination for prediction (rp) ranged from 0.9191 to 0.9847, and the root-mean-square error for prediction ranged from 0.1070 to 0.3165), pectoral (rp ranged from 0.9033 to 0.9574, and RMSEP ranged from 0.2285 to 0.3930), abdominal (rp ranged from 0.9070 to 0.9776, and RMSEP ranged from 0.1649 to 0.3601), and gluteal (rp ranged from 0.8726 to 0.9768, and RMSEP ranged from 0.1804 to 0.3938) regions. The optimal ML models and skin HSI data were employed to generate visual prediction maps of TPA values in common carp muscles. These results demonstrated that skin HSI and the optimal models can be used to rapidly and accurately determine the texture qualities of different muscle regions in common carp.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods12173154
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704223-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exploring the Global Research Trends of Cities and Climate Change Based on a Bibliometric Analysis
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 19 ( 2022-09-27), p. 12302-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 19 ( 2022-09-27), p. 12302-
    Abstract: Climate change is one of the great global challenges. Cities are both drivers and responders of climate change. In recent years, the literature associated with climate change and cities has grown rapidly, but few studies have used a bibliometric analysis and visualization approach to conduct deep mining and explore the current situation and development trends of this field. By using bibliometric and text mining methods, the authors conducted a knowledge map analysis of the research on cities and climate change. Moreover, this article attempts to identify the research hotspots and research gaps in this field. The following findings are distilled. First, research in this field is rapidly emerging, and the current research distribution is extremely uneven. China and the US contributed 36% of total paper output. Second, previous research focused on six topics: Impact of Climate Change and Urbanization, Urban Climate Change Adaptation, Urban Heat Island Effect, Urban Greenhouse Emission, Urban Climate Change and Water, and Urban Energy Systems. The first two topics are currently the most popular directions of research. Third, empirical research shows positive interest in big cities, while climate change research in small and medium-sized cities has been neglected. The results of this work will not only help researchers clarify the current situation in cities and climate change science but also provide guidance for future research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su141912302
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Laboratory Investigation of Shear Behavior of High-Density Polyethylene Geomembrane Interfaces
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Polymers Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2018-07-04), p. 734-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2018-07-04), p. 734-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym10070734
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527146-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) on Theory of Mind and Executive Function in Major Depressive Disorder and Its Correlation with Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Brain Sciences Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2021-06-09), p. 765-
    Details
    In: Brain Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2021-06-09), p. 765-
    Abstract: Background: Studies have implicated hypofrontality in the pathogenesis of impaired theory of mind (ToM) and executive function (EF) in major depressive disorder (MDD). These symptoms are usually resistant to treatment. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been shown to reverse hypofrontality. Moreover, BDNF is an effective biomarker of antidepressant effects, but there have been very few studies on the correlation between BDNF and rTMS. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 20 sessions of a 10 Hz unilateral rTMS intervention over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in improving ToM and EF in patients with MDD and its correlation with BDNF. Methods: A total of 120 MDD patients were enrolled in this randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind trial. Each participant received 20 sessions of rTMS at 10 Hz frequency through the active or the sham coil over 4 weeks. ToM was assessed with the facial emotion identification test (FEIT) and hinting task (HT). EF was assessed with the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST). BDNF assessments were carried out at baseline and 2-, 4-, 12-, and 24-week follow-ups. Results: The improvement in the ToM (FEIT, HT) in the active rTMS group was significantly different from that in the sham rTMS group (F = 18.09, p 〈 0.001; F = 5.02, p = 0.026). There were significant differences in the WCST (categories completed, response errors, response perseverative errors, non-response perseverative errors) after logarithmic transformation at different time points in the active rTMS group (F = 14.71, p 〈 0.001; F = 5.99, p = 0.046; F = 8.90, p = 0.031; F = 2.31, p = 0.048). However, there was no significant difference in log transformed BDNF concentration between the two groups (t = 0.07 to t = 1.29, p 〉 0.05). BDNF was negatively correlated with WCST categories completed at the 24th week (r = −0.258, p = 0.046). Conclusions: The results show that rTMS may improve the ToM and EF of patients with MDD and there was no significant correlation with serum BDNF concentration. RTMS can not only be used for treatment of patients with MDD but also has a positive effect on ToM and EF.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11060765
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651993-8
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Xyloketal B Attenuates Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation and Endothelial Dysfunction in Apolipoprotein E Deficient Mice
    MDPI AG ; 2015
    In:  Marine Drugs Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2015-04-14), p. 2306-2326
    Details
    In: Marine Drugs, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2015-04-14), p. 2306-2326
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/md13042306
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175190-0
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Plant MIR167e-5p Inhibits Enterocyte Proliferation by Targeting β-Catenin
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Cells Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2019-11-04), p. 1385-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2019-11-04), p. 1385-
    Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important negative regulators of genes involved in physiological and pathological processes in plants and animals. It is worth exploring whether plant miRNAs play a cross-kingdom regulatory role in animals. Herein, we found that plant MIR167e-5p regulates the proliferation of enterocytes in vitro. A porcine jejunum epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) and a human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2) were treated with 0, 10, 20, and 40 pmol of synthetic 2′-O-methylated plant MIR167e-5p, followed by a treatment with 20 pmol of MIR167e-5p for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h. The cells were counted, and IPEC-J2 cell viability was determined by the MTT and EdU assays at different time points. The results showed that MIR167e-5p significantly inhibited the proliferation of enterocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Bioinformatics prediction and a luciferase reporter assay indicated that MIR167e-5p targets β-catenin. In IPEC-J2 and Caco-2 cells, MIR167e-5p suppressed proliferation by downregulating β-catenin mRNA and protein levels. MIR167e-5p relieved this inhibition. Similar results were achieved for the β-catenin downstream target gene c-Myc and the proliferation-associated gene PCNA. This research demonstrates that plant MIR167e-5p can inhibit enterocyte proliferation by targeting the β-catenin pathway. More importantly, plant miRNAs may be a new class of bioactive molecules for epigenetic regulation in humans and animals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells8111385
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Procyanidins Alleviated Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Molecules Vol. 28, No. 8 ( 2023-04-20), p. 3582-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 28, No. 8 ( 2023-04-20), p. 3582-
    Abstract: Procyanidins (PCs), which are organic antioxidants, suppress oxidative stress, exhibit anti−apoptotic properties, and chelate metal ions. The potential defense mechanism of PCs against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) was investigated in this study. Pre−administration for 7 days of a PC enhanced nerve function and decreased cerebellar infarct volume in a mouse middle cerebral artery embolization paradigm. In addition, mitochondrial ferroptosis was enhanced, exhibited by mitochondrial shrinkage and roundness, increased membrane density, and reduced or absent ridges. The level of Fe2+ and lipid peroxidation that cause ferroptosis was significantly reduced by PC administration. According to the Western blot findings, PCs altered the expression of proteins associated with ferroptosis, promoting the expression of GPX4 and SLC7A11 while reducing the expression of TFR1, hence inhibiting ferroptosis. Moreover, the treatment of PCs markedly elevated the expression of HO−1 and Nuclear−Nrf2. The PCs’ ability to prevent ferroptosis due to CIRI was decreased by the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385. Our findings showed that the protective effect of PCs may be achieved via activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibiting ferroptosis. This study provides a new perspective on the treatment of CIRI with PCs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083582
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Synthesis of Ti4O7/Ti3O5 Dual-Phase Nanofibers with Coherent Interface for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Materials Vol. 13, No. 14 ( 2020-07-14), p. 3142-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 14 ( 2020-07-14), p. 3142-
    Abstract: Electrocatalysts play an important role in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in promoting the reaction process. Although commercial Pt/C exhibits excellent performance in ORR, the low duration, high cost, and poor methanol tolerance seriously restrict its sustainable development and application. TinO2n−1 (3 ≤ n ≤ 10) is a series of titanium sub-oxide materials with excellent electrical conductivity, electrochemical activity, and stability, which have been widely applied in the field of energy storage and catalysis. Herein, we design and synthesize Ti4O7/Ti3O5 (T4/T3) dual-phase nanofibers with excellent ORR catalytic performance through hydrothermal growth, which is followed by a precisely controlled calcination process. The H2Ti3O7 precursor with uniform size can be first obtained by optimizing the hydrothermal growth parameters. By precisely controlling the amount of reducing agent, calcination temperature, and holding time, the T4/T3 dual-phase nanofibers with uniform morphology and coherent interfaces can be obtained. The orientation relationships between T4 and T3 are confirmed to be [ 001 ] T 3 / / [ 031 ] T 4 , ( 100 ) T 3 / / ( 92 6 ¯ ) T 4 , and ( 010 ) T 3 / / ( 1 2 ¯ 6 ) T 4 , respectively, based on comprehensive transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations. Furthermore, such dual-phase nanofibers exhibit the onset potential and half-wave potential of 0.90 V and 0.75 V as the ORR electrocatalysts in alkaline media, respectively, which illustrates the excellent ORR catalytic performance. The rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) experiment confirmed the electron transfer number of 3.0 for such catalysts, which indicates a mixture of two electron and four electron transfer reaction pathways. Moreover, the methanol tolerance and cycling stability of the catalysts are also investigated accordingly.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma13143142
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transition Metal Oxodiperoxo Complex Modified Metal-Organic Frameworks as Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Cyclohexane
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Materials Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2020-02-12), p. 829-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2020-02-12), p. 829-
    Abstract: In this work, a series of modified metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been prepared by pre- and post-treatment with transition metal oxodiperoxo complexes (MoO(O2)2, WO(O2)2, and KVO(O2)2). The obtained materials are characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), as well as by N2 adsorption/desorption measurement. The characterization results show that transition metal oxodiperoxo complexes are uniformly incorporated into the MOF materials without changing the basic structures. The performance of cyclohexane oxidation on metal oxodiperoxo complex modified MOFs are evaluated. UiO-67-KVO(O2)2 shows the best performance for cyclohexane oxidation, with 78% selectivity to KA oil (KA oil refers to a cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone mixture) at 9.4% conversion. The KA selectivity is found to depend on reaction time, while hot-filtration experiments indicates that the catalytic process is heterogeneous with no leaching of metal species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma13040829
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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