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  • MDPI AG  (30)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Longitudinal Shifts in Movement Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Relations to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among University Students
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 20 ( 2022-10-18), p. 13449-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 20 ( 2022-10-18), p. 13449-
    Abstract: This study examined the longitudinal changes of movement behaviors and their relationships with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among university students during the coronavirus disease 2019 in China. A total of 569 university students completed online surveys twice (Time 1: between December 2020 and January 2021; Time 2: between November and December 2021). Physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep duration and quality, as well as PTSD were self-reported. According to Canadian 24-h movement guidelines, the longitudinal shifts in each movement behavior from Time 1 to Time 2 were divided into four categories (consistently meeting the guidelines, from meeting to not meeting the guidelines, from not meeting to meeting the guidelines, and consistently not meeting the guidelines). Generalized linear mixed models were conducted using 410 valid responses (20.2 ± 1.0 years old at Time 2, 41.2% males). From Time 1 to Time 2, 22.2%, 2.0%, and 45.6% of the students consistently met the physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep guidelines, respectively. Compared to those who consistently met the sedentary behavior guideline, students who consistently failed to meet or changed from meeting to not meeting the guidelines had higher levels of PTSD. Students who had poor sleep quality at both time points or changed from good to bad sleep quality had higher levels of PTSD than those who maintained good sleep quality over time. Compared to those who consistently failed to meet the guideline, students who consistently met the PA guideline had higher levels of PTSD. These findings highlight the needs to improve and maintain healthy behaviors for mental health.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013449
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biodegradable Polymers in Triboelectric Nanogenerators
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Polymers Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2022-12-31), p. 222-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2022-12-31), p. 222-
    Abstract: Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted much attention because they not only efficiently harvest energy from the surrounding environment and living organisms but also serve as multifunctional sensors toward the detection of various chemical and physical stimuli. In particular, biodegradable TENG (BD-TENG) represents an emerging type of self-powered device that can be degraded, either in physiological environments as an implantable power source without the necessity of second surgery for device retrieval, or in the ambient environment to minimize associated environmental pollution. Such TENGs or TNEG-based self-powered devices can find important applications in many scenarios, such as tissue regeneration, drug release, pacemakers, etc. In this review, the recent progress of TENGs developed on the basis of biodegradable polymers is comprehensively summarized. Material strategies and fabrication schemes of biodegradable and self-powered devices are thoroughly introduced according to the classification of plant-degradable polymer, animal-degradable polymer, and synthetic degradable polymer. Finally, current problems, challenges, and potential opportunities for the future development of BD-TENGs are discussed. We hope this work may provide new insights for modulating the design of BD-TNEGs that can be beneficial for both environmental protection and healthcare.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym15010222
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527146-5
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  • 3
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    The Synergistic Effect of Zuogui Pill and Eldecalcitol on Improving Bone Mass and Osteogenesis in Type 2 Diabetic Osteoporosis
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Medicina Vol. 59, No. 8 ( 2023-08-03), p. 1414-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 59, No. 8 ( 2023-08-03), p. 1414-
    Abstract: Background and Objectives: The incidence of diabetic osteoporosis, an important complication of diabetes mellitus, is increasing gradually. This study investigated the combined effect of the Zuogui pill (ZGP) and eldecalcitol (ED-71), a novel vitamin D analog, on type 2 diabetic osteoporosis (T2DOP) and explored their action mechanism. Materials and Methods: Blood glucose levels were routinely monitored in db/db mice while inducing T2DOP. We used hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson staining, micro-computed tomography, and serum biochemical analysis to evaluate changes in the bone mass and blood calcium and phosphate levels of mice. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to assess the osteoblast and osteoclast statuses. The MC3T3-E1 cell line was cultured in vitro under a high glucose concentration and induced to undergo osteogenic differentiation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunofluorescence, ALP, and alizarin red staining were carried out to detect osteogenic differentiation and PI3K–AKT signaling pathway activity. Results: ZGP and ED-71 led to a dramatic decrease in blood glucose levels and an increase in bone mass in the db/db mice. The effect was strongest when both were used together. ZGP combined with ED-71 promoted osteoblast activity and inhibited osteoclast activity in the trabecular bone region. The in vitro results revealed that ZGP and ED-71 synergistically promoted osteogenic differentiation and activated the PI3K–AKT signaling pathway. The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 or AKT inhibitor ARQ092 altered the synergistic action of both on osteogenic differentiation. Conclusions: The combined use of ZGP and ED-71 reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic mice and promoted osteogenic differentiation through the PI3K–AKT signaling pathway, resulting in improved bone mass. Our study suggests that the abovementioned combination constitutes an effective treatment for T2DOP.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081414
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Isolation of Novel ACE-Inhibitory and Antioxidant Peptides from Quinoa Bran Albumin Assisted with an In Silico Approach: Characterization, In Vivo Antihypertension, and Molecular Docking
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Molecules Vol. 24, No. 24 ( 2019-12-12), p. 4562-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 24 ( 2019-12-12), p. 4562-
    Abstract: Albumin is the major fraction of quinoa protein that is characterized as having high nutritional value. However, until now, scant information is available on the bioactivity of quinoa albumin or its hydrolysates. To promote its usage, we extracted albumin in this study from quinoa bran assisted with cellulase and hemicellulose, and hydrolyzed it by alcalase and trypsin to produce bioactive peptides. The hydrolysates (QBAH) were purified by gel filtration and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), followed by identification using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Furthermore, based on in silico analysis, one angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory and antioxidant peptide, RGQVIYVL (946.6 Da), and two antioxidant peptides, ASPKPSSA (743.8 Da), and QFLLAGR (803.5 Da), from QBAH were synthesized. RGQVIYVL showed a high ACE-inhibitory activity (IC50 = 38.16 μM) with competitive mode of inhibition, and showed significant antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats at a concentration of 100–150 mg/kg body weight (bw). Molecular docking simulation showed that it could interact with the active ACE site via hydrogen bonds with high binding power. Moreover, RGQVIYVL, ASPKPSSA, and QFLLAGR all demonstrated high ·OH scavenging activity (IC50 = 61.69–117.46 μM), ABTS+ scavenging activity (58.29–74.28%) and Fe2+ chelating ability (32.54–82.48% at 0.5 mg/mL). They could also retain activity after gastrointestinal enzyme digestion. These results indicate that quinoa albumin is a potential source of bioactive peptides possessing antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244562
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identification and Structure-Activity Studies of 1,3-Dibenzyl-2-aryl imidazolidines as Novel Hsp90 Inhibitors
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Molecules Vol. 24, No. 11 ( 2019-06-03), p. 2105-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 11 ( 2019-06-03), p. 2105-
    Abstract: Hsp90 (Heat shock protein 90) is involved in various processes in cancer occurrence and development, and therefore represents a promising drug target for cancer therapy. In this work, a virtual screening strategy was employed, leading to the identification of a series of compounds bearing a scaffold of 1,3-dibenzyl-2-aryl imidazolidine as novel Hsp90 inhibitors. Compound 4a showed the highest binding affinity to Hsp90α (IC50 = 12 nM) in fluorescence polarization (FP) competition assay and the strongest anti-proliferative activity against human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) and human lung epithelial cell line (A549) with IC50 values of 21.58 μM and 31.22 μM, respectively. Western blotting assays revealed that these novel Hsp90 inhibitors significantly down-regulated the expression level of Her2, a client protein of Hsp90, resulting in the cytotoxicity of these novel Hsp90 inhibitors. The molecular docking study showed that these novel Hsp90 inhibitors bound to the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding site at the N-terminus of Hsp90. Furthermore, structure–activity relationship studies indicated that the N-benzyl group is important for the anti-cancer activity of 1,3-dibenzyl-2-aryl imidazolidines.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112105
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Metabolite Profiling of the Lycium barbarum L. Fruit
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Molecules Vol. 24, No. 21 ( 2019-10-28), p. 3879-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 21 ( 2019-10-28), p. 3879-
    Abstract: The yield and quality of goji (Lycium barbarum L.) fruit are heavily dependent on fertilizer, especially the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N, P, and K, respectively). In this study, we performed a metabolomic analysis of the response of goji berry to nitrogen fertilizer levels using an Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method. There was no significant difference in the fruit yield or the commodity grade between N0 (42.5 g/plant), N1 (85 g/plant), and N2 (127.5 g/plant). The primary nutrients of the goji berry changed with an increasing nitrogen fertilization. Comparative metabolomic profiling of three nitrogen levels resulted in the identification of 612 metabolites, including amino acids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, organic acids, and lipids/alcohols, among others, of which 53 metabolites (lipids, fatty acids, organic acids, and phenolamides) demonstrated significant changes. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the relationship between yield and quality of goji berry and nitrogen fertilizer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213879
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Weed and Corn Seedling Detection in Field Based on Multi Feature Fusion and Support Vector Machine
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Sensors Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2020-12-31), p. 212-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2020-12-31), p. 212-
    Abstract: Detection of weeds and crops is the key step for precision spraying using the spraying herbicide robot and precise fertilization for the agriculture machine in the field. On the basis of k-mean clustering image segmentation using color information and connected region analysis, a method combining multi feature fusion and support vector machine (SVM) was proposed to identify and detect the position of corn seedlings and weeds, to reduce the harm of weeds on corn growth, and to achieve accurate fertilization, thereby realizing precise weeding or fertilizing. First, the image dataset for weed and corn seedling classification in the corn seedling stage was established. Second, many different features of corn seedlings and weeds were extracted, and dimensionality was reduced by principal component analysis, including the histogram of oriented gradient feature, rotation invariant local binary pattern (LBP) feature, Hu invariant moment feature, Gabor feature, gray level co-occurrence matrix, and gray level-gradient co-occurrence matrix. Then, the classifier training based on SVM was conducted to obtain the recognition model for corn seedlings and weeds. The comprehensive recognition performance of single feature or different fusion strategies for six features is compared and analyzed, and the optimal feature fusion strategy is obtained. Finally, by utilizing the actual corn seedling field images, the proposed weed and corn seedling detection method effect was tested. LAB color space and K-means clustering were used to achieve image segmentation. Connected component analysis was adopted to remove small objects. The previously trained recognition model was utilized to identify and label each connected region to identify and detect weeds and corn seedlings. The experimental results showed that the fusion feature combination of rotation invariant LBP feature and gray level-gradient co-occurrence matrix based on SVM classifier obtained the highest classification accuracy and accurately detected all kinds of weeds and corn seedlings. It provided information on weed and crop positions to the spraying herbicide robot for accurate spraying or to the precise fertilization machine for accurate fertilizing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s21010212
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Effects of Ultrasonic-Aided Quenching on the Corrosion Resistance of GB 35CrMoV Steel in Seawater Environment
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Metals Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2018-02-01), p. 104-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2018-02-01), p. 104-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met8020104
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 9
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    Reinforcement and Deacidification for a Textile Scroll Painting (AD 1881) Using the CNF and MgO Suspensions
    MDPI AG ; 2024
    In:  Polymers Vol. 16, No. 7 ( 2024-03-29), p. 946-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 7 ( 2024-03-29), p. 946-
    Abstract: The scroll paintings for ancestor trees have been used to inherit the spirit of ancestor worship as a historical record of family development since the late Ming Dynasty in China. A severely degraded scroll painting of an ancestor tree (made of cotton textiles) needs intervention and conservation treatment to mitigate further deterioration. On the basis of the previously reported characterization results for the painting, in this paper, a suspension that is composed of 0.6% cellulose nanofibril (CNF) and nanosized 0.15% MgO in aqueous solvent (denoted as the CNF-MgO susairpension) was prepared. Conventional characterization methods were used to assess the properties of model samples before and after treatment with the CNF-MgO suspension, as well as before and after degradation under two sets of conditions. The results show that the treated model samples are slightly alkaline, given the deposit of alkaline particles, and demonstrate good mechanical properties before and after degradation due to the increase in fiber-to-fiber bond and mitigation of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis. In spite of the non-transparency of CNF and MgO nanoparticles, they have little impact on the optical properties of textiles, as verified by transmittance data and the determination of color changes. This suspension was then used to reinforce and restore the scroll painting in a practical conservation process. The application of CNF and MgO nanoparticles on textile objects investigated in this study would expand our understanding of the conservation of such objects, especially for those that have already become acidic and degraded.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym16070946
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2024
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  • 10
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    Serum and Amniotic Fluid Metabolic Profile Changes in Response to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and the Association with Maternal–Fetal Outcomes
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2021-10-18), p. 3644-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2021-10-18), p. 3644-
    Abstract: This study was designed to identify serum and amniotic fluid (AF) metabolic profile changes in response to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and explore the association with maternal–fetal outcomes. We established the GDM rat models by combining a high-fat diet (HFD) with an injection of low-dose streptozotocin (STZ), detected the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of pregnant rats in the second and third trimester, and collected AF and fetal rats by cesarean section on gestational day 19 (GD19), as well as measuring the weight and crown–rump length (CRL) of fetal rats. We applied liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the untargeted metabolomics analyses of serum and AF samples and then explored their correlation with maternal–fetal outcomes via the co-occurrence network. The results showed that 91 and 68 metabolites were upregulated and 125 and 78 metabolites were downregulated in serum and AF samples exposed to GDM, respectively. In maternal serum, the obvious alterations emerged in lipids and lipid-like molecules, while there were great changes in carbohydrate and carbohydrate conjugates, followed by amino acids, peptides, and analogs in amniotic fluid. The altered pathways both in serum and AF samples were amino acid, lipid, nucleotide, and vitamin metabolism pathways. In response to GDM, changes in the steroid hormone metabolic pathway occurred in serum, and an altered carbohydrate metabolism pathway was found in AF samples. Among differential metabolites in two kinds of samples, there were 34 common biochemicals shared by serum and AF samples, and a mutual significant association existed. These shared differential metabolites were implicated in several metabolism pathways, including choline, tryptophan, histidine, and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, and among them, N1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, 5’-methylthioadenosine, and kynurenic acid were significantly associated with both maternal FPG and fetal growth. In conclusion, serum and AF metabolic profiles were remarkably altered in response to GDM. N1-Methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, 5’-methylthioadenosine, and kynurenic acid have the potential to be taken as biomarkers for maternal–fetal health status of GDM. The common and inter-related differential metabolites both in the serum and AF implied the feasibility of predicting fetal health outcomes via detecting the metabolites in maternal serum exposed to GDM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13103644
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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