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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Advanced Modeling for the Identification of Different Pathogen Tolerant Vines to Reduce Fungicides and Energy Consumption
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-03-03), p. 1900-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-03-03), p. 1900-
    Abstract: The aim of this study is the application of advanced modeling techniques to identify powdery mildew tolerant cultivars and reduce fungicides and energy consumption. The energy savings resulting from the increased efficiency of the use of fungicides is an innovative aspect investigated within the project AGROENER researching on energy efficiency. In this preliminary study, investigations through phenotyping methods could represent a potential solution, especially if they are used in combination with tools and algorithms able to extract and convert a large amount of data. Twelve different grapevine cultivars were tested. The construction of an artificial model, characterized by absolute optima of response to a pathogen (i.e., low values of disease incidence and severity and first day of the pathogen appearance), allowed us to cover the potential variability of a real dataset. To identify the cultivars that tolerate powdery mildew the most, two Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) models were built. The modeling efficiencies, indicated by sensitivity value, were equal to 100%. These statistical multivariate classifications identified some of these tolerant cultivars, as the best responding to the pathogen.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su12051900
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    In Situ Raman Characterization of SOFC Materials in Operational Conditions: A Doped Ceria Study
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Membranes Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2020-07-10), p. 148-
    Details
    In: Membranes, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2020-07-10), p. 148-
    Abstract: The particular operational conditions of electrochemical cells make the simultaneous characterization of both structural and transport properties challenging. The rapidity and flexibility of the acquisition of Raman spectra places this technique as a good candidate to measure operating properties and changes. Raman spectroscopy has been applied to well-known lanthanide ceria materials and the structural dependence on the dopant has been extracted. The evolution of Pr-doped ceria with temperature has been recorded by means of a commercial cell showing a clear increment in oxygen vacancies concentration. To elucidate the changes undergone by the electrolyte or membrane material in cell operation, the detailed construction of a homemade Raman cell is reported. The cell can be electrified, sealed and different gases can be fed into the cell chambers, so that the material behavior in the reaction surface and species evolved can be tracked. The results show that the Raman technique is a feasible and rather simple experimental option for operating characterization of solid-state electrochemical cell materials, although the treatment of the extracted data is not straightforward.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0375
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/membranes10070148
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2614641-1
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  • 3
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    Evaluation of Er Doped CeO2-δ as Oxygen Transport Membrane
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Membranes Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-02-01), p. 172-
    Details
    In: Membranes, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-02-01), p. 172-
    Abstract: Ceria based materials are robust candidates for a range of applications involving redox reactions and high oxygen activity. The substitution of erbium in the ceria lattice introduces extrinsic oxygen vacancies. Further addition of Co introduces electronic carriers. We have studied the structural and redox behavior of Ce1−xErxO2-δ (x = 0.1 and 0.2) and the influence of adding 2 mol% of Co in the electrochemical properties. A limitation in the solubility of Er cation is found. Diffusion and surface exchange coefficients have been obtained by electrical conductivity relaxation and the DC-conductivity and O2 permeation measurements show the importance of the electronic component in the transport properties, obtaining an oxygen permeation flux of 0.07 mL·min−1·cm−2 at 1000 °C, for a 769 μm thick membrane.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0375
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020172
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2614641-1
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Modulation of Amyloid β-Induced Microglia Activation and Neuronal Cell Death by Curcumin and Analogues
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 8 ( 2022-04-15), p. 4381-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 8 ( 2022-04-15), p. 4381-
    Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is not restricted to the neuronal compartment but includes important interactions with immune cells, including microglia. Protein aggregates, common pathological hallmarks of AD, bind to pattern recognition receptors on microglia and trigger an inflammatory response, which contributes to disease progression and severity. In this context, curcumin is emerging as a potential drug candidate able to affect multiple key pathways implicated in AD, including neuroinflammation. Therefore, we studied the effect of curcumin and its structurally related analogues cur6 and cur16 on amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced microglia activation and neuronal cell death, as well as their effect on the modulation of Aβ aggregation. Primary cortical microglia and neurons were exposed to two different populations of Aβ42 oligomers (Aβ42Os) where the oligomeric state had been assigned by capillary electrophoresis and ultrafiltration. When stimulated with high molecular weight Aβ42Os, microglia released proinflammatory cytokines that led to early neuronal cell death. The studied compounds exerted an anti-inflammatory effect on high molecular weight Aβ42O-stimulated microglia and possibly inhibited microglia-mediated neuronal cell toxicity. Furthermore, the tested compounds demonstrated antioligomeric activity during the process of in vitro Aβ42 aggregation. These findings could be investigated further and used for the optimization of multipotent candidate molecules for AD treatment
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084381
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Trajectories the Year after COVID-19 Hospitalization
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 14 ( 2022-07-11), p. 8452-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 14 ( 2022-07-11), p. 8452-
    Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) hospitalization has been related to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Available information is limited by insufficient follow-up and lack of longitudinal studies. Baseline factors (e.g., sex; obesity) have been related to PTSD, but post-hospitalization factors have not been studied. Objective: This study aimed to analyse prevalence, baseline, post-discharge factors and possible clinical courses of PTSD after hospitalization for COVID-19. Method: 109 patients (94.7% of the original sample) completed a programme of three follow-up telephone assessments during the year following hospitalization. Data included clinical and sociodemographic factors as well as psychometric tools assessing PTSD, social support, and perception of threat to life (PTL). Mixture model analysis was performed to study the longitudinal course of PTSD symptoms. Chronic ( 〉 6 months) PTSD predictors were also analysed. Results: 1-year PTSD period prevalence was 23.9%, peaking at six months; 11% of the patients suffered chronic PTSD. Pre- and post-hospitalization factors influenced the onset and course of PTSD over time. These included working status, PTL, and lack of social support. Interestingly, obesity, pulmonary diseases and family cluster infection seem specifically related to PTSD following COVID-19. Inversely, clinical interventions, older age and male gender were protective. Conclusions: PTSD following COVID-19 hospitalization is common. The analysed demographic, social, clinical, and psychological factors predict PTSD symptomatology over time and can modify odds of a chronic course. Clinicians could better identify cases at risk of a chronic PTSD course. Finally, treatment as usual appeared related to a better outcome and should be proposed to patients with PTSD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148452
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    SBRT for Localized Prostate Cancer: CyberKnife vs. VMAT-FFF, a Dosimetric Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Life Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2022-05-10), p. 711-
    Details
    In: Life, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2022-05-10), p. 711-
    Abstract: In recent years, stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has gained popularity among clinical methods for the treatment of medium and low risk prostate cancer (PCa), mainly as an alternative to surgery. The hypo-fractionated regimen allows the administration of high doses of radiation in a small number of fractions; such a fractionation is possible by exploiting the different intrinsic prostate radiosensitivity compared with the surrounding healthy tissues. In addition, SBRT treatment guaranteed a better quality of life compared with surgery, avoiding risks, aftermaths, and possible complications. At present, most stereotactic prostate treatments are performed with the CyberKnife (CK) system, which is an accelerator exclusively dedicated for stereotaxis and it is not widely spread in every radiotherapy centre like a classic linear accelerator (LINAC). To be fair, a stereotactic treatment is achievable also by using a LINAC through Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT), but some precautions must be taken. The aim of this work is to carry out a dosimetric comparison between these two methodologies. In order to pursue such a goal, two groups of patients were selected at Instituto Nazionale Tumori—IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale: the first group consisting of ten patients previously treated with a SBRT performed with CK; the second one was composed of ten patients who received a hypo-fractionated VMAT treatment and replanned in VMAT-SBRT flattening filter free mode (FFF). The two SBRT techniques were rescaled at the same target coverage and compared by normal tissue sparing, dose distribution parameters and delivery time. All organs at risk (OAR) constraints were achieved by both platforms. CK exhibits higher performances in terms of dose delivery; nevertheless, the general satisfying dosimetric results and the significantly shorter delivery time make VMAT-FFF an attractive and reasonable alternative SBRT technique for the treatment of localized prostate cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/life12050711
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662250-6
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Depressive Symptoms among Individuals Hospitalized with COVID-19: Three-Month Follow-Up
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Brain Sciences Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-09-05), p. 1175-
    Details
    In: Brain Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-09-05), p. 1175-
    Abstract: Individuals affected by Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) may experience psychiatric symptoms, including depression and suicidal ideation, that could lead to chronic impairment and a reduction in quality of life. Specifically, depressive disorder shows high incidence and may lead to chronic impairment and a reduction in the quality of life. To date, no studies on the presence of suicidality and quantitative analysis of depressive symptoms and their risk factors have yet been published. In this study, we aim to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and related risk factors at 3 months after discharge to home care following hospitalization for COVID-19 infection. Methods: Participants were contacted three months after hospital discharge from one of the five COVID-19 hospitals in Rome, as part of a larger project on health outcomes in COVID-19 inpatients (Long Term Neuropsychiatric Disorder in COVID-19 Project), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was administered by telephone interview. Results: Of 115 participants, 14.8% (N = 17) received a PHQ-9-based diagnosis of depression, and n = 7 of them scored 1 or more on the item on suicidality. A linear regression model showed the predictive role of female sex, pulmonary chronic condition and previous mental disorder in the development of depressive disorder; the latter was confirmed also by binary logistic regression. Severity indexes of disease (length of hospitalization and intensive care treatment) were found not to be associated with the development of depressive symptoms. Conclusions: A small but clinically meaningful number of participants in the current study reported that they experienced symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation 3 months post-discharge from their COVID-19 hospitalization. In particular, given the findings that a history of prior psychiatric disorders was predictive of the development of depression symptoms, clinicians should carefully monitor for the presence of all psychiatric symptoms at follow-up visits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091175
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651993-8
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