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  • 1
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    Anatomical and Physiological Performance of Jojoba Treated with Proline under Salinity Stress Condition
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Horticulturae Vol. 8, No. 8 ( 2022-08-09), p. 716-
    Details
    In: Horticulturae, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 8 ( 2022-08-09), p. 716-
    Abstract: A field trial study was conducted for two consecutive seasons 2020 and 2021 in approximately 8-month-old jojoba plants to evaluate the physiological responses following salt treatment and the role of proline as a foliar application to enhance jojoba tolerance to salinity stress. Jojoba plants were irrigated once a week for four months with diluted seawater in concentrations of 5000, 10,000, and 15,000 ppm and tap water (control). Anti-stress proline was applied four times throughout the experiment, the first at the beginning of the experiment and another three times at 30-day intervals, at concentrations of 0, 300, and 450 ppm. The effect of proline treatments on jojoba plant behavior includes growth vegetative characteristics, namely plant height increase percentage (PHIP), shoot number increase percentage (NSIP), stem diameter increase percentage (SDIP), number of leaves, leaf thickness, leaf area, and fresh and dry weights of leaves, and chemical characteristics, namely chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, leaf mineral contents (N, P, K, Na, and Cl), total phenolic content (TPC), and proline concentration. Moreover, the impacts of proline on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2•−), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ion leakage (IL) under salinity stress were investigated. Briefly, proline at 450 ppm enhanced all studied growth and physiological characteristics and promoted the antioxidant system of jojoba plants compared with the control and other treatments. The anatomical structure of leaves was also examined, and favorable variations in the anatomical structure were detected in the stressed and proline-treated plants. Exogenous application of proline enhanced most of this anatomical characteristic of jojoba leaf under saline stress. In conclusion, proline as a foliar application at 450 ppm under salinity stress of 10,000 ppm enhances jojoba tolerance to salinity stress by modifying the physicochemical and morphological characteristics of jojoba plants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-7524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8080716
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813983-5
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  • 2
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    Squirrel Search Optimization with Deep Transfer Learning-Enabled Crop Classification Model on Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Imagery
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2022-06-02), p. 5650-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2022-06-02), p. 5650-
    Abstract: With recent advances in remote sensing image acquisition and the increasing availability of fine spectral and spatial information, hyperspectral remote sensing images (HSI) have received considerable attention in several application areas such as agriculture, environment, forestry, and mineral mapping, etc. HSIs have become an essential method for distinguishing crop classes and accomplishing growth information monitoring for precision agriculture, depending upon the fine spectral response to the crop attributes. The recent advances in computer vision (CV) and deep learning (DL) models allow for the effective identification and classification of different crop types on HSIs. This article introduces a novel squirrel search optimization with a deep transfer learning-enabled crop classification (SSODTL-CC) model on HSIs. The proposed SSODTL-CC model intends to identify the crop type in HSIs properly. To accomplish this, the proposed SSODTL-CC model initially derives a MobileNet with an Adam optimizer for the feature extraction process. In addition, an SSO algorithm with a bidirectional long-short term memory (BiLSTM) model is employed for crop type classification. To demonstrate the better performance of the SSODTL-CC model, a wide-ranging experimental analysis is performed on two benchmark datasets, namely dataset-1 (WHU-Hi-LongKou) and dataset-2 (WHU-Hi-HanChuan). The comparative analysis pointed out the better outcomes of the SSODTL-CC model over other models with a maximum of 99.23% and 97.15% on test datasets 1 and 2, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app12115650
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 3
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    Analgesic Efficacy of Intraoperative Superior Hypogastric Plexus (SHP) Block during Abdominal Hysterectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Medicina Vol. 59, No. 5 ( 2023-05-06), p. 893-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 59, No. 5 ( 2023-05-06), p. 893-
    Abstract: Background and Objectives: Abdominal hysterectomy is a major surgery that is often associated with pronounced postsurgical pain. The objective of this research is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized comparative trials (NCTs) that have surveyed the analgesic benefits and morbidity of intraoperative superior hypogastric plexus (SHP) block (intervention) compared with no SHP block (control) during abdominal hysterectomy. Materials and Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched from inception until 8 May 2022. The Cochrane Collaboration tool and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale were used to evaluate the risk of bias of RCTs and NCTs, respectively. In a random effects mode, the data were pooled as risk ratio (RR) or mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Five studies (four RCTs and one NCT) comprising 210 patients (SHP block = 107 and control = 103) were analyzed. The overall postsurgical pain score (n = 5 studies, MD = −1.08, 95% CI [−1.41, −0.75], p 〈 0.001), postsurgical opioid consumption (n = 4 studies, MD = −18.90 morphine milligram equivalent, 95% CI, [−22.19, −15.61], p 〈 0.001), and mean time to mobilization (n = 2 studies, MD = −1.33 h, 95% CI [−1.98, −0.68], p 〈 0.001) were significantly decreased in the SHP block group contrasted with the control arm. Nevertheless, there was no significant variance between both arms regarding operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postsurgical NSAID consumption, and hospital stay. There were no major side effects or sympathetic block-related aftermaths in both groups. Conclusions: During abdominal hysterectomy and receiving perioperative multimodal analgesia, the administration of intraoperative SHP block is largely safe and exhibits better analgesic effects compared to cases without administration of SHP block.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina59050893
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 4
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    Prediction of Actual from Climatic Precipitation with Data Collected from Northern Poland: A Statistical Approach
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Sensors Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2023-01-19), p. 1159-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2023-01-19), p. 1159-
    Abstract: Water is a basic element of the natural environment and the most important component in human water management. Rainfall is the main source of water. Therefore, determining the amount of precipitation reaching the ground using sensors is crucial information. Precise precipitation data are necessary for better modeling quality, as the observation data from weather stations are used as basics for weather model assessment. The authors compared precipitation from the Hellmann rain gauge (climatic precipitation, 1.0 m above the ground surface) measured throughout the year and the GGI 3000 rain gauge (actual precipitation on the ground level) measured from April to October. Measurement sequences from the years 2011–2020 were considered. The data for analysis were obtained from a weather station located in northern Poland. The authors analyzed the relationships between data from the two sensors. A comparative study showed that the measurements of actual precipitation are higher and there are strong relationships between actual and climatic rainfall (r = 0.99). Using the introduced coefficient it is possible to determine the full–year actual precipitation with high probability, taking into account the precipitation with a correction from the winter half-year and the actual precipitation from the summer half-year, which is of great importance in the calculation of the water balance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s23031159
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 5
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    Synergistic Impact of Melatonin and Putrescine Interaction in Mitigating Salinity Stress in Snap Bean Seedlings: Reduction of Oxidative Damage and Inhibition of Polyamine Catabolism
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Horticulturae Vol. 9, No. 2 ( 2023-02-20), p. 285-
    Details
    In: Horticulturae, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 2 ( 2023-02-20), p. 285-
    Abstract: While the individual influences of melatonin (MT) and polyamines (PAs) have been widely studied under various abiotic stresses, little is known about their interaction under salinity stress. In the present study, salt stress applied by 50 mM of sodium chloride (NaCl) on snap bean seedlings has been supplemented with 20 μM of MT and/or 100 μM of putrescine (Put) (individually and in combination). The results indicated that under salinity stress, the combination of MT + Put achieved the highest significant increase in shoot fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll (Chl a), Chl a + b, carotenoids, total soluble sugars, proline, K, Ca, and cell membrane stability index (CMSI), as well as catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) activities. This improvement was associated with an obvious decrease in Na, Na/K ratio, and oxidative damage as indicated by reducing leaf contents of methylglyoxal (MG), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the rate of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde; MDA). Moreover, the combination of MT + Put demonstrated a significant decrease in the activities of diamine oxidase (DAO) and polyamine oxidase (PAO) leading to the reduction of the rate of polyamine oxidation. Meanwhile, MT applied individually gave the highest significant increase in leaf relative water content (RWC), Chl b, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Conclusively, the combination treatment of MT + Put could decrease the degradation of polyamines and enhance tolerance to salinity stress in snap bean seedlings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-7524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae9020285
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813983-5
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  • 6
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    Oxidation of Phenol by Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Metal-Containing Poly(amidoxime) Grafted Starch
    MDPI AG ; 2011
    In:  Molecules Vol. 16, No. 12 ( 2011-11-29), p. 9900-9911
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 12 ( 2011-11-29), p. 9900-9911
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules16129900
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 7
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    Assessment of the Use of Natural Extracted Dyes and Pancreatin Enzyme for Dyeing of Four Natural Textiles: HPLC Analysis of Phytochemicals
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Processes Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-01-02), p. 59-
    Details
    In: Processes, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-01-02), p. 59-
    Abstract: In the present study, four natural textiles (cotton, linen, wool, and silk) were dyed with 14 naturally extracted dyes, and pancreatin enzyme was used in the dyeing process. The effects of pancreatin enzyme and its buffer on naturally dyed textile samples were evaluated. Two concentrations of pancreatin enzyme and buffer were used as pretreatments for dyed textiles. Proteinic fabrics showed the highest relative color strength (RCS) values of 137.23% and 132.2% when the pancreatin enzyme was applied on wool and silk dyed with pomegranate skin and bloodroot at concentrations A and B, respectively. Linen fiber dyed with catechu tree showed the highest total color difference (TCD) values with buffer (6.83) and pancreatin enzyme A (5.7) and B (6.3). This shows that there were no side effects of the pancreatin enzyme on the studied dyed textiles. By high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, the root extract from madder showed the presence of salicylic acid (1758.91 mg/kg extract), quercetin (844.23 mg/kg extract), ellagic acid (784.86 mg/kg extract) and benzoic acid (582.68 mg/kg extract) as main compounds. In cochineal extract the main compounds were rutin (37.732 mg/kg extract), kampherol (1915.98 mg/kg extract), myricetin (809.97 mg/kg extract), quercetin (496.76 mg/kg extract) and salicylic acid (193.87 mg/kg extract).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pr8010059
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720994-5
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  • 8
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    Serotyping, Genotyping and Virulence Genes Characterization of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica Isolates Recovered from Pneumonic Cattle Calves in North Upper Egypt
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Veterinary Sciences Vol. 7, No. 4 ( 2020-11-10), p. 174-
    Details
    In: Veterinary Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 4 ( 2020-11-10), p. 174-
    Abstract: Pasteurella (P.) multocida and Mannheimia (M.) haemolytica are the most two common pathogenic bacterial agents causing pneumonia in calves. Both bacteria are associated with significant economic losses in the cattle industry due to high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in the case of severe infections. The objectives of the present study were to perform serotyping and genotyping, as well as characterization of the virulence-associated genes in 48 bacterial isolates; 33 P. multocida and 15 M. haemolytica. All strains were isolated from pneumonic cattle calves showing respiratory manifestations such as fever, nasal discharges, and rapid breathing in North Upper Egypt governorates (Beni-Suef and El-Fayoum). PCR was applied as a confirmatory test using a specific universal gene, kmt1, and rpt2 for P. multocida and M. haemolytica, respectively. The results show that 29 (87.9%) P. multocida and 15 (100%) M. haemolytica isolates were positive for the corresponding universal gene. The results of serotyping indicate that 86.2% of P. multocida isolates belonged to serotype B:2, while 13.8% were untyped. Meanwhile, 60% and 40% of M. haemolytica isolates belonged to serotype 2 and serotype 1, respectively. Investigation of virulence-associated genes showed that all the tested P. multocida isolates harbored nanB, omp87, and toxA genes. Four M. haemolytica isolates harbored both gcp and lktC genes and of these, three isolates harbored the ssa gene. Sequencing of toxA gene of P. multocida and lktC gene of M. haemolytica in the current strains indicated a great homology with strains uploaded in gene banks from different hosts and localities worldwide.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2306-7381
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7040174
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2768971-2
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  • 9
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    Spectral Treatment of High-Order Emden–Fowler Equations Based on Modified Chebyshev Polynomials
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Axioms Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-01-17), p. 99-
    Details
    In: Axioms, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-01-17), p. 99-
    Abstract: This paper is devoted to proposing numerical algorithms based on the use of the tau and collocation procedures, two widely used spectral approaches for the numerical treatment of the initial high-order linear and non-linear equations of the singular type, especially those of the high-order Emden–Fowler type. The class of modified Chebyshev polynomials of the third-kind is constructed. This class of polynomials generalizes the class of the third-kind Chebyshev polynomials. A new formula that expresses the first-order derivative of the modified Chebyshev polynomials in terms of their original modified polynomials is established. The establishment of this essential formula is based on reducing a certain terminating hypergeometric function of the type 5F4(1). The development of our suggested numerical algorithms begins with the extraction of a new operational derivative matrix from this derivative formula. Expansion’s convergence study is performed in detail. Some illustrative examples of linear and non-linear Emden–Flower-type equations of different orders are displayed. Our proposed algorithms are compared with some other methods in the literature. This confirms the accuracy and high efficiency of our presented algorithms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1680
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/axioms12020099
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661511-3
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  • 10
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    Postharvest Exogenous Melatonin Treatment of Table Grape Berry Enhances Quality and Maintains Bioactive Compounds during Refrigerated Storage
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Horticulturae Vol. 8, No. 10 ( 2022-09-21), p. 860-
    Details
    In: Horticulturae, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 10 ( 2022-09-21), p. 860-
    Abstract: Table grape berries are classified as a perishable crop that deteriorates quickly after harvest. The application of melatonin after harvest was found to be effective for retarding senescence and slowing ripening. In the current study, we tested the influence of two melatonin concentrations (50 and 100 µmol) as a postharvest application on quality, bioactive compounds, and enzyme activities of grape berries cv “Crimson” stored at 0 ± 1 °C and 90% relative humidity (RH) for 35 days. Our results indicated that melatonin application extends the shelf-life of berries by reducing weight loss and maintaining total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), berry adherence strength, and firmness. Melatonin treatment also reduced pectin methyl esterase (PME) and polygalactouranase (PG) enzyme activities compared to the control. Moreover, O2•− and H2O2 rates in berries were reduced by high melatonin concentration. Moreover, peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities were increased by melatonin application. Our findings suggested using melatonin postharvest to increase shelf life and maintain quality attributes during refrigerated storage, which could be advantageous on a large scale.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-7524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8100860
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813983-5
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