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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Perception and Attitude about Child Sexual Abuse among Vietnamese School-Age Children
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 16, No. 20 ( 2019-10-18), p. 3973-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 20 ( 2019-10-18), p. 3973-
    Abstract: Child sexual abuse has become a significant public health concern in Vietnam in recent years, and the likelihood of being abused could be prevented by increasing the awareness of sexual abuse and self-protection skills among children. However, little is known about the perception and attitude of schoolchildren toward this issue in Vietnam. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of school-age children toward child sexual abuse and the risk factors affecting their knowledge and attitude. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 800 Vietnamese students from grades four to nine. Most of the respondents had insufficient knowledge of sexual abuse in children; teachers and strangers would not be perpetrators (57.9% and 74%); and schools and home were safe places (55.8% and 58.8%). Almost all participants disagreed with touching and non-touching actions, even from acquaintances (94.5% to 99.5%). Being female, older age, not living with family or relatives, and living in an urban setting were found to be positively associated with the right perception and attitude toward child sexual abuse. A sexuality education program should be officially applied at schools for children with the support of their parents to narrow the knowledge gap between different geographical locations and genders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203973
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 2
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    TLR Responses in Preterm and Term Infant Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Pathogens Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2023-04-14), p. 596-
    Details
    In: Pathogens, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2023-04-14), p. 596-
    Abstract: Preterm infants are more susceptible to severe bacterial and viral infectious diseases than their full-term counterparts. A major contributor to this increased susceptibility may be due to differences in their ability to respond to pathogens. While studies have demonstrated altered bacterial Toll-like receptor (TLR) responses, there is limited data on viral TLR responses in preterm infants. In this study, cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) from 10 moderately preterm (30.4–34.1 wGA), 10 term (37–39.5 wGA) infants, and 5 adults were stimulated with TLR2 (lipoteichoic acid), TLR3 (poly I:C), TLR4 (lipopolysaccharide), TLR7/8 (R848), and TLR9 (CpG-ODN 2216) agonists. Following stimulation, the cellular response was measured by intracellular flow cytometry to detect cell-specific NF-κB (as a marker of the inflammatory response), and multiplex assays were used to measure the cytokine response. This study found that preterm and term infants exhibit very similar baseline TLR expression. In response to both bacterial and viral TLR agonists comparing cell-specific NF-κB activation, preterm infants exhibited increased monocyte activation following LTA stimulation; however, no other differences were observed. Similarly, no difference in cytokine response was observed following stimulation with TLRs. However, a stronger correlation between NF-κB activation and cytokine responses was observed in term infants following poly I:C and R848 stimulation compared to preterm infants. In contrast, despite similar TLR expression, adults produced higher levels of IFN-α following R848 stimulation compared to preterm and term infants. These findings suggest preterm and term infants have a similar capacity to respond to both bacterial and viral TLR agonists. As preterm infants are more likely to develop severe infections, further research is required to determine the immunological factors that may be driving this and develop better interventions for this highly vulnerable group.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-0817
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040596
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2695572-6
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  • 3
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    Assessment of the Chemical Profile and Potential Medical Effects of a Flavonoid-Rich Extract of Eclipta prostrata L. Collected in the Central Highlands of Vietnam
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Pharmaceuticals Vol. 16, No. 10 ( 2023-10-16), p. 1476-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceuticals, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 10 ( 2023-10-16), p. 1476-
    Abstract: Eclipta prostrata L. (EPL), a medicinal plant, is widely utilized in the central highlands of Vietnam. This study aims to assess the chemical profile and potential medical effects of an EPL extract rich in flavonoids. A total of 36 secondary metabolites were identified from the EPL extract through GC-MS and UHPLC-UV analysis. Among them, 15 volatile compounds and several phenolic and flavonoid chemicals, including salicylic acid, epicatechin gallate, isovitexin, and apigetrin, were reported in EPL extract for the first time. This herbal extract demonstrated moderate inhibition against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and high anti-oxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities (IC50 = 76.8 ± 0.8 μg/mL). These promising attributes can be likely attributed to the high levels of major compounds, including wedelolactone (1), chlorogenic acid (3), epicatechin gallate (6), salicylic acid (8), isovitexin (9), apigetrin (11), and myricetin (12). These findings align with the traditional use of EPL for enhancing memory and cognitive function, as well as its potential benefits in diabetes management. The results of the molecular docking study reveal that the major identified compounds (1, 6, 9, and 11) showed a more effective acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect than berberine chloride, with good binding energy (DS values, −12.3 to −14.3 kcal/mol) and acceptable values of RMSD (1.02–1.67 Å). Additionally, almost all the identified major compounds exhibited good ADMET properties within the required limits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8247
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ph16101476
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2193542-7
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
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    A Smart, Textile-Driven, Soft Exosuit for Spinal Assistance
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Sensors Vol. 23, No. 19 ( 2023-10-09), p. 8329-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 19 ( 2023-10-09), p. 8329-
    Abstract: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are often caused by repetitive lifting, making them a significant concern in occupational health. Although wearable assist devices have become the norm for mitigating the risk of back pain, most spinal assist devices still possess a partially rigid structure that impacts the user’s comfort and flexibility. This paper addresses this issue by presenting a smart textile-actuated spine assistance robotic exosuit (SARE), which can conform to the back seamlessly without impeding the user’s movement and is incredibly lightweight. To detect strain on the spine and to control the smart textile automatically, a soft knitting sensor that utilizes fluid pressure as a sensing element is used. Based on the soft knitting hydraulic sensor, the robotic exosuit can also feature the ability of monitoring and rectifying human posture. The SARE is validated experimentally with human subjects (N = 4). Through wearing the SARE in stoop lifting, the peak electromyography (EMG) signals of the lumbar erector spinae are reduced by 22.8% ± 12 for lifting 5 kg weights and 27.1% ± 14 in empty-handed conditions. Moreover, the integrated EMG decreased by 34.7% ± 11.8 for lifting 5 kg weights and 36% ± 13.3 in empty-handed conditions. In summary, the artificial muscle wearable device represents an anatomical solution to reduce the risk of muscle strain, metabolic energy cost and back pain associated with repetitive lifting tasks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s23198329
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Mono- and Diarylation of Diphenydithienylethenes: A Useful Method for Enhancing Fluorescence Intensity and Aggregation-Induced Emission
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Molbank Vol. 2021, No. 2 ( 2021-05-10), p. M1210-
    Details
    In: Molbank, MDPI AG, Vol. 2021, No. 2 ( 2021-05-10), p. M1210-
    Abstract: In this study we report efficient method for the syntheses of mono- and diarylated diphenyldithienylethene (DPDTE) via a palladium-catalyzed C–H arylation reaction. These new derivatives showed amplified luminescent properties thanks to a change in polarity, particularly in the presence of an electron-withdrawing groups (EWG). Moreover, the arylated DPDTEs showed dual-emissive phenomena, including fluorescence in organic solvents and aggregation-induced emission.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-8599
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/M1210
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2170280-9
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  • 6
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    Coverage of Health Information by Different Sources in Communities: Implication for COVID-19 Epidemic Response
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 17, No. 10 ( 2020-05-20), p. 3577-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 10 ( 2020-05-20), p. 3577-
    Abstract: Health personnel and community workers are at the front line of the COVID-19 emergency response and need to be equipped with adequate knowledge related to epidemics for an effective response. This study aimed to identify the coverage of COVID-19 health information via different sources accessed by health workers and community workers in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study using a web-based survey was carried out from January to February 2020 in Vietnam. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used for recruiting participants. We utilized the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to examine the construct validity of the questionnaire. A higher percentage of participants knew about “Clinical and pathogen characteristics of COVID-19”, compared to “Regulations and policies related to COVID-19”. The percentage of participants accessing the information on “Guidelines and policies on prevention and control of COVID-19” was the lowest, especially among medical students. “Mass media and peer-educators” channels had a higher score of accessing COVID-19 information, compared to “Organizations/ agencies/ associations” sources. Participants consumed most of their COVID-19 information via “Internet, online newspapers, social networks”. Our findings indicate an urgency to re-design training programs and communication activities for a more effective dissemination of information related to the COVID-19 epidemic or epidemics in general.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103577
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 7
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    The Direct and Indirect Costs of Colorectal Cancer in Vietnam: An Economic Analysis from a Social Perspective
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 1 ( 2020-12-22), p. 12-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 1 ( 2020-12-22), p. 12-
    Abstract: The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) has increased rapidly in Vietnam, but the economic burden of this disease has never been estimated. We estimate the direct and indirect cost of CRC patients in Vietnam in 2018 using a prevalence-based approach and human capital method. The total economic cost of CRC was VND 3041.88 billion (~$132.9 million), representing 0.055% of the 2018 gross domestic product. Notably, indirect costs comprised 83.58 % of the total cost, 82.61% of which is future income loss, because CRC occurs during productive years. The economic burden of CRC in Vietnam is substantial. The medical cost for CRC diagnosis and treatment is higher for younger patients and for those in advanced stages. Strategies to decrease the economic burden of CRC at the patient and national level, such as screening programs, should be developed and implemented in Vietnam.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010012
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 8
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    Designed Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks: A Mini Review
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Polymers Vol. 15, No. 4 ( 2023-02-10), p. 887-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 4 ( 2023-02-10), p. 887-
    Abstract: Covalent organic frameworks are porous crystals of polymers with two categories based on their covalent linkages: layered structures with two dimensions and networks with three-dimensional structures. Three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks are porous, have large surface areas, and have highly ordered structures. Since covalent bonds are responsible for the formation of three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks, their synthesis has been a challenge and different structures are generated during the synthesis. Moreover, initially, their topologies have been limited to dia, ctn, and bor which are formed by the condensation of triangular or linear units with tetrahedral units. There are very few building units available for their synthesis. Finally, the future perspective of 3D COFs has been designated for the future development of three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym15040887
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527146-5
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  • 9
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    Genetic Evaluation in Natural Populations of the Threatened Conifer Amentotaxus argotaenia (Hance) Pilg. (Taxaceae) Using Microsatellites
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Forests Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2022-09-09), p. 1452-
    Details
    In: Forests, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2022-09-09), p. 1452-
    Abstract: Amentotaxus argotaenia (Hance) Pilg. is a threatened conifer with a wide distribution range from North to Central Vietnam due to habitat loss and over-exploitation. To provide information for its conservation and sustainable management, in the present study, genetic diversity and population genetic structure for 200 trees from eight populations, representing the natural distribution range of this species were estimated using nuclear microsatellites. The results showed a moderate genetic diversity of A. argotaenia (HO = 0.331, HE = 0.358). Significant heterozygosity deficits were detected in three populations in the Northeast area. Genetic differentiation was low in the same distribution area and high in different areas. However, the gene flow among the studied populations was relatively high (Nm = 1.17). Habitat fragmentation, geographical distance and high mountain range can be the major factors that reduce gene exchange between different areas. Various clustering analyses distinguished three major genetic groups related to the three distribution areas of this species in Vietnam. Based on the study results, we propose that some populations could be prioritized for in situ conservation due to their high genetic diversity with high allelic richness or private alleles, meanwhile other populations should be collected for ex situ conservation as genetic resources in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4907
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/f13091452
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527081-3
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  • 10
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    An Efficient Approach for Detecting Driver Drowsiness Based on Deep Learning
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 11, No. 18 ( 2021-09-11), p. 8441-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 18 ( 2021-09-11), p. 8441-
    Abstract: Drowsy driving is one of the common causes of road accidents resulting in injuries, even death, and significant economic losses to drivers, road users, families, and society. There have been many studies carried out in an attempt to detect drowsiness for alert systems. However, a majority of the studies focused on determining eyelid and mouth movements, which have revealed many limitations for drowsiness detection. Besides, physiological measures-based studies may not be feasible in practice because the measuring devices are often not available on vehicles and often uncomfortable for drivers. In this research, we therefore propose two efficient methods with three scenarios for doze alert systems. The former applies facial landmarks to detect blinks and yawns based on appropriate thresholds for each driver. The latter uses deep learning techniques with two adaptive deep neural networks based on MobileNet-V2 and ResNet-50V2. The second method analyzes the videos and detects driver’s activities in every frame to learn all features automatically. We leverage the advantage of the transfer learning technique to train the proposed networks on our training dataset. This solves the problem of limited training datasets, provides fast training time, and keeps the advantage of the deep neural networks. Experiments were conducted to test the effectiveness of our methods compared with other methods. Empirical results demonstrate that the proposed method using deep learning techniques can achieve a high accuracy of 97%. This study provides meaningful solutions in practice to prevent unfortunate automobile accidents caused by drowsiness.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app11188441
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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