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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Differential Factors for Predicting Outcomes in Left Main versus Non-Left Main Coronary Bifurcation Stenting
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 10, No. 14 ( 2021-07-07), p. 3024-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 14 ( 2021-07-07), p. 3024-
    Abstract: Background: No large-scale study has compared the clinical and angiographic predictors of cardiovascular events in patients with left main bifurcation (LMB) and non-LMB stenting after second-generation DES implantation. Herein, we investigated differential clinical and angiographic factors for predicting outcomes in LMB versus non-LMB stenting. Methods: A total of 2648 patients with bifurcation lesions treated with second-generation DESs from the retrospective patient cohort were divided into an LMB group (n = 935) and a non-LMB group (n = 1713). The primary outcome was the 7-year incidence of target lesion failure (TLF), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization. Results: The incidence of TLF was 9.8%. Those in the LMB group were associated with a higher risk of TLF (14.2% versus 7.5%, p 〈 0.001) than those in the non-LMB group. Regarding the LMB group, independent predictors of TLF were chronic kidney disease (CKD), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and two-stenting. Regarding the non-LMB group, CKD, reduced LVEF, old age, diabetes, and small diameter of the main vessel stent were independent predictors of TLF. Conclusions: The two-stent strategy could potentially increase TLF for the LMB lesions, and achieving the maximal diameter of the main vessel stent could result in better clinical outcomes for non-LMB lesions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143024
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 2
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    Clinical Significance of Serum Lactate in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 10, No. 22 ( 2021-11-13), p. 5278-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 22 ( 2021-11-13), p. 5278-
    Abstract: Little is known about causality and the pathological mechanism underlying the association of serum lactate with myocardial injury in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We evaluated data from 360 AMI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Of these, 119 patients had serum lactate levels 〉 2.5 mmol/L on admission (high serum lactate group), whereas 241 patients had serum lactate levels ≤ 2.5 mmol/L (low serum lactate group). We compared the myocardial infarct size assessed by CMR between the two groups and performed inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). In CMR analysis, myocardial infarct size was significantly greater in the high serum lactate group than in the low serum lactate group (22.0 ± 11.4% in the high serum lactate group vs. 18.9 ± 10.5% in the low serum lactate group; p = 0.011). The result was consistent after IPTW adjustment (21.5 ± 11.1% vs. 19.2 ± 10.4%; p = 0.044). In multivariate analysis, high serum lactate was associated with larger myocardial infarct (odds ratio 1.59; 95% confidence interval 1.00–2.51; p = 0.048). High serum lactate could predict advanced myocardial injury in AMI patients undergoing PCI.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225278
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Short-Term Load Forecasting Algorithm Using a Similar Day Selection Method Based on Reinforcement Learning
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Energies Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2020-05-21), p. 2640-
    Details
    In: Energies, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2020-05-21), p. 2640-
    Abstract: Short-term load forecasting (STLF) is very important for planning and operating power systems and markets. Various algorithms have been developed for STLF. However, numerous utilities still apply additional correction processes, which depend on experienced professionals. In this study, an STLF algorithm that uses a similar day selection method based on reinforcement learning is proposed to substitute the dependence on an expert’s experience. The proposed algorithm consists of the selection of similar days, which is based on the reinforcement algorithm, and the STLF, which is based on an artificial neural network. The proposed similar day selection model based on the reinforcement learning algorithm is developed based on the Deep Q-Network technique, which is a value-based reinforcement learning algorithm. The proposed similar day selection model and load forecasting model are tested using the measured load and meteorological data for Korea. The proposed algorithm shows an improvement accuracy of load forecasting over previous algorithms. The proposed STLF algorithm is expected to improve the predictive accuracy of STLF because it can be applied in a complementary manner along with other load forecasting algorithms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1073
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/en13102640
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2437446-5
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  • 4
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    Influence of CYP2C9 Genetic Polymorphisms on the Pharmacokinetics of Losartan and Its Active Metabolite E-3174: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2021-06-29), p. 617-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2021-06-29), p. 617-
    Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the influence of CYP2C9 genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of losartan and its active metabolite, E-3174, through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eight studies published before March 2021 were included in this study. We used PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The data analysis was conducted through Review Manager (RevMan), version 5.3, and R software. We found that healthy volunteers with CYP2C9*2 or *3 carriers had higher area under the curve (AUC0-∞) of losartan (mean difference (MD) 0.17 μg·h/mL; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.04, 0.29) and lower AUC0-∞ of E-3174 (MD −0.35 μg·h/mL; 95% CI: −0.62, −0.08) than those with CYP2C9*1/*1. Subjects with CYP2C9*2 or *3 carriers showed lower maximum concentration (Cmax) of E-3174 than those with CYP2C9*1/*1 (MD −0.13 μg/mL; 95% CI: −0.17, −0.09). For half-life, subjects with CYP2C9*2 or *3 carriers had longer half-lives of losartan and E-3174 than those with CYP2C9*1/*1 (MD 0.47 h; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.61 and MD 0.68 h; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.92, respectively). This meta-analysis suggests that the pharmacokinetics of losartan and E-3174 are associated with the CYP2C9 polymorphisms
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070617
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Olfactory Receptor OR7A17 Expression Correlates with All-Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA)-Induced Suppression of Proliferation in Human Keratinocyte Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 22 ( 2021-11-14), p. 12304-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 22 ( 2021-11-14), p. 12304-
    Abstract: Olfactory receptors (ORs), which belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor family, have been widely studied as ectopically expressed receptors in various human tissues, including the skin. However, the physiological functions of only a few OR types have been elucidated in skin cells. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a well-known medication for various skin diseases. However, many studies have shown that ATRA can have adverse effects, resulting from the suppression of cell proliferation. Here, we investigated the involvement of OR7A17 in the ATRA-induced suppression of human keratinocyte (HaCaT) proliferation. We demonstrated that OR7A17 is expressed in HaCaT keratinocytes, and its expression was downregulated by ATRA. The ATRA-induced downregulation of OR7A17 was attenuated via RAR α or RAR γ antagonist treatment, indicating that the effects of ATRA on OR7A17 expression were mediated through nuclear retinoic acid receptor signaling. Moreover, we found that the overexpression of OR7A17 induced the proliferation of HaCaT cells while counteracting the antiproliferative effect of ATRA. Mechanistically, OR7A17 overexpression reversed the ATRA-induced attenuation of Ca2+ entry. Our findings indicated that ATRA suppresses cell proliferation through the downregulation of OR7A17 via RAR α- and γ-mediated retinoid signaling. Taken together, OR7A17 is a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating the anti-proliferative effects of ATRA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212304
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
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    Correlation between Cellular Structure Morphology and Anisotropic Yield in Additively Manufactured Stainless Steel 316L
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Materials Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2023-02-16), p. 1666-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2023-02-16), p. 1666-
    Abstract: Additively manufactured austenitic stainless steel 316L is composed of a cellular structure, which has a directionality, and is observed with a different morphology depending on the observation direction. The cellular structure morphology that appears with a high probability in grains with a specific grain orientation is determined. Taylor factor, which is calculated by considering grain orientation, is related to cellular structure morphology due to the directional cellular structure in additively manufactured austenitic stainless steel 316L. The Taylor factor affects the mechanical properties. The yield strength of additively manufactured SUS316L can be explained by the correlation between cellular structure morphology, grain orientation, and Taylor factor.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma16041666
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 7
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    Quantitative Biodistribution and Pharmacokinetics Study of GMP-Grade Exosomes Labeled with 89Zr Radioisotope in Mice and Rats
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Pharmaceutics Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 2022-05-24), p. 1118-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceutics, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 2022-05-24), p. 1118-
    Abstract: For the successful clinical advancement of exosome therapeutics, the biodistribution and pharmacokinetic profile of exogenous exosomes in various animal models must be determined. Compared with fluorescence or bioluminescence imaging, radionuclide imaging confers multiple advantages for the in vivo tracking of biomolecular therapeutics because of its excellent sensitivity for deep tissue imaging and potential for quantitative measurement. Herein, we assessed the quantitative biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of good manufacturing practice-grade therapeutic exosomes labeled with zirconium-89 (89Zr) after systemic intravenous administration in mice and rats. Quantitative biodistribution analysis by positron emission tomography/computed tomography and gamma counting in mice and rats revealed that the total 89Zr signals in the organs were lower in rats than in mice, suggesting a higher excretion rate of exosomes in rats. A prolonged 89Zr signal for up to 7 days in most organs indicated that substantial amounts of exosomes were taken up by the parenchymal cells in those organs, highlighting the therapeutic potential of exosomes for the intracellular delivery of therapeutics. Exosomes were mainly distributed in the liver and to a lesser extent in the spleen, while a moderately distributed in the kidney, lung, stomach, intestine, urinary bladder, brain, and heart. Exosomes were rapidly cleared from the blood circulation, with a rate greater than that of free 89Zr, indicating that exosomes might be rapidly taken up by cells and tissues.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4923
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061118
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527217-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 8
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    Whole-Genome Sequencing for Investigating a Health Care-Associated Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-01-29), p. 201-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-01-29), p. 201-
    Abstract: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) outbreaks in hospital settings challenge the treatment of patients and infection control. Understanding the relatedness of clinical isolates is important in distinguishing outbreak isolates from sporadic cases. This study investigated 11 CRAB isolates from a hospital outbreak by whole-genome sequencing (WGS), utilizing various bioinformatics tools for outbreak analysis. The results of multilocus sequence typing (MLST), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis, and phylogenetic tree analysis by WGS through web-based tools were compared, and repetitive element polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) typing was performed. Through the WGS of 11 A. baumannii isolates, three clonal lineages were identified from the outbreak. The coexistence of blaOXA-23, blaOXA-66, blaADC-25, and armA with additional aminoglycoside-inactivating enzymes, predicted to confer multidrug resistance, was identified in all isolates. The MLST Oxford scheme identified three types (ST191, ST369, and ST451), and, through whole-genome MLST and whole-genome SNP analyses, different clones were found to exist within the MLST types. wgSNP showed the highest discriminatory power with the lowest similarities among the isolates. Using the various bioinformatics tools for WGS, CRAB outbreak analysis was applicable and identified three discrete clusters differentiating the separate epidemiologic relationships among the isolates.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020201
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 9
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    Seven-Month Analysis of Five SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Assay Results after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination: Significant Decrease in SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Titer
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2021-12-30), p. 85-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2021-12-30), p. 85-
    Abstract: We investigated the longevity rates of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after a complete ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination, which are rare and important to estimate their efficacy and establish a vaccination strategy. We assessed the positivity rates and changes of titers before (T0) and at one month (T1), four months (T2), and seven months (T3) after a ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination using five SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays. A total of 874 serum samples were obtained from 228 (T0 and T1), 218 (T2), and 200 (T3) healthcare workers. The positive rates for all five assays were 0.0–0.9% at T0, 66.2–92.5% at T1, 98.2–100.0% at T2, and 66.0–100.0% at T3. The positive rates at T3 were decreased compared to those at T2. The median antibody titers of all the assays at T3 were significantly decreased compared to those at T2 (860.5 to 232.0 U/mL for Roche total, 1041.5 to 325.5 AU/mL for Abbott IgG, 10.9 to 2.3 index for Siemens IgG, 99.5% to 94.7% for SD Biosensor V1, and 88.5% to 38.2% for GenScript). A third-dose scheme can be considered based on our data generated from five representative assays. Our findings contribute insights into SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays and appropriate vaccination strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010085
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 10
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    Yellow Chaste Weed and Its Components, Apigenin and Galangin, Affect Proliferation and Oxidative Stress in Blue Light-Irradiated HaCaT Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 2022-03-13), p. 1217-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 2022-03-13), p. 1217-
    Abstract: While harmful effects of blue light on skin cells have been recently reported, there are few studies regarding natural products that alleviate its negative effects. Therefore, we investigated ameliorating effects of yellow chaste weed (YCW) (Helichrysum arenarium) extract and its components, apigenin and galangin, on blue light-irradiated HaCaT cells. In this study, we found that YCW extract improved the reduced proliferation of HaCaT cells induced by blue light-irradiation and reduced blue light-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. We also found that apigenin and galangin, the main components of YCW extract, showed the same activities as YCW extract. In experiments examining molecular mechanisms of YCW extract and its components such as apigenin and galangin, they all reduced expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid member 1 (TRPV1), its phosphorylation, and calcium ion (Ca2+) influx induced by blue light irradiation. In addition, apigenin and galangin regulated phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). They also reduced phosphorylation of mammalian sterile 20-like kinase-1/2 (MST-1/2), inducing phosphorylation of Akt (protein kinase B), one downstream molecule of MST-1/2. Moreover, apigenin and galangin promoted translocation of Forkhead box O3 (FoxO3a) from the nucleus to the cytosol by phosphorylating FoxO3a. Besides, apigenin and galangin interrupted blue light influences on expression of nuclear and secretory clusterin. Namely, they attenuated both upregulation of nuclear clusterin and downregulation of secretory clusterin induced by blue light irradiation. We also found that they downregulated apoptotic protein Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and conversely upregulated anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). Collectively, these findings indicate that YCW extract and its components, apigenin and galangin, antagonize the blue light-induced damage to the keratinocytes by regulating TRPV1/clusterin/FoxO3a and MAPK signaling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu14061217
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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