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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Temporal Trends of Major Bleeding and Its Prediction by the Academic Research Consortium-High Bleeding Risk Criteria in Acute Myocardial Infarction
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2022-02-14), p. 988-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2022-02-14), p. 988-
    Abstract: Limited data exist on the temporal trend of major bleeding and its prediction by the Academic Research Consortium-High Bleeding Risk (ARC-HBR) criteria in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We investigated 10-year trends of major bleeding and predictive ability of the ARC-HBR criteria in AMI patients. In a multicenter registry of 10,291 AMI patients undergoing PCI between 2004 and 2014 the incidence of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) 3 and 5 bleeding was assessed, and, outcomes in ARC-defined HBR patients with AMI were compared with those in non-HBR. The primary outcome was BARC 3 and 5 bleeding at 1 year. Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality and composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke. The annual incidence of BARC 3 and 5 bleeding in the AMI population has increased over the years (1.8% to 5.8%; p 〈 0.001). At 1 year, ARC-defined HBR (n = 3371, 32.8%) had significantly higher incidence of BARC 3 and 5 bleeding (9.8% vs. 2.9%; p 〈 0.001), all-cause mortality (22.8% vs. 4.3%; p 〈 0.001) and composite of ischemic events (22.6% vs. 5.8%; p 〈 0.001) compared to non-HBR. During the past decade, the incidence of major bleeding in the AMI population has increased. The ARC-HBR criteria provided reliable predictions for major bleeding, mortality, and ischemic events in AMI patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm11040988
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
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    Ischemic and Bleeding Events Associated with Thrombocytopenia and Thrombocytosis after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2020-10-21), p. 3370-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2020-10-21), p. 3370-
    Abstract: The early and late ischemic and bleeding clinical outcomes according to baseline platelet count after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remain unclear. Overall, 10,667 patients from the Cardiovascular Risk and identification of potential high-risk population in AMI (COREA-AMI) I and II registries were classified according to the following universal criteria on baseline platelet counts: (1) moderate to severe thrombocytopenia (platelet 〈 100 K/μL, n = 101), (2) mild thrombocytopenia (platelet = 100~149 K/μL, n = 631), (3) normal reference (platelet = 150~450 K/μL, n = 9832), and (4) thrombocytosis (platelet 〉 450 K/μL, n = 103). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The secondary outcome was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) 2, 3, and 5 bleeding. After adjusting for confounders, the moderate to severe thrombocytopenia (HR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.49–2.78); p 〈 0.001), mild thrombocytopenia (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.01–1.34; p = 0.045), and thrombocytosis groups (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.07–2.03; p = 0.019) showed higher 5-year MACE rates than the normal reference. In BARC 2, 3, and 5 bleeding outcomes, the bleedings rates were higher than the normal range in the moderate to severe thrombocytopenia (HR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.36–3.49; p = 0.001) and mild thrombocytopenia (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.12–1.78; p = 0.004) groups. Patients with AMI had higher 5-year MACE rates after PCI if they had lower- or higher-than-normal platelet counts. Thrombocytopenia revealed higher early and late bleeding rates whereas thrombocytosis showed long-term bleeding trends, although these trends were not statistically significant.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103370
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Risks of Recurrent Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in 1-Year Survivors of Acute Myocardial Infarction Implanted with Newer-Generation Drug-Eluting Stents
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 10, No. 16 ( 2021-08-17), p. 3642-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 16 ( 2021-08-17), p. 3642-
    Abstract: Current treatments for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have dramatically improved clinical outcomes during the first year after AMI. Less is known, however, about the subsequent risks of recurrent cardiovascular events and mortality in patients who survive 1 year after AMI. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate long-term clinical outcomes in 1-year AMI survivors who were implanted with newer-generation drug-eluting stents (DESs) since 2010. The COREA-AMI (CardiOvascular Risk and idEntificAtion of potential high-risk population in AMI) registry consecutively enrolled AMI patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and patients who received newer-generation DESs since 2010 were analyzed. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and secondary endpoint was all-cause mortality. Of 6242 AMI patients, 5397 were alive 1 year after the index procedure. The cumulative incidence of MACEs and all-cause death 1 to 7 years after AMI were 28.4% (annually 4–6%) and 20.2% (annually 3–4%), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that uncontrolled systolic blood pressure (SBP) and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration, as well as traditional risk factors, were associated with MACEs and all-cause death. Recurrent non-fatal myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and bleeding events within 1 year were significantly associated with all-cause death. The risks of adverse cardiovascular events and death remain high in AMI patients more than 1 year after the index PCI with newer-generation DESs. Traditional risk factors, uncontrolled SBP and LDL-C, and non-fatal adverse events within 1 year after the index procedure strongly influence long-term clinical outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163642
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Gender Differences in the Impact of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation on Long-Term Risk of Ischemic Stroke after Acute Myocardial Infarction
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 10, No. 21 ( 2021-11-01), p. 5141-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 21 ( 2021-11-01), p. 5141-
    Abstract: Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been identified as a major risk factor for mortality after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the long-term risk of ischemic stroke associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) in ACS remains controversial, and its gender-specific association is unknown. Methods: We analyzed the data of 10,137 ACS survivors included in a multicenter, prospective registry for Korean patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between January 2004 and August 2014. Subjects were categorized into three groups (non-AF vs. NOAF vs. previous AF) based on medical history and electrocardiographic evidence of AF, either at admission or during hospitalization. Results: Among the total study population (72.3% men), 370 patients (3.6%) had NOAF and 130 (1.3%) had previous AF. During a median follow-up of 61 months (interquartile range, 38.8 to 89.3 months), 245 (2.4%) patients (218 (2.3%) non-AF vs. 15 (4.1%) NOAF vs. 12 (9.2%) previous AF, p 〈 0.001) experienced ischemic stroke. After adjustment for confounding variables, both NOAF (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–3.24, p = 0.024) and previous AF (adjusted HR 4.00, 95% CI 2.03–7.87, p 〈 0.001), along with older age, diabetes, current smoker, and previous stroke were independent risk factors of ischemic stroke. In the gender-stratified analysis, men with previous AF but not NOAF had a significantly higher risk of ischemic stroke (adjusted HR 4.14, 95% CI 1.79–9.55, p = 0.001) than those without AF. In women, NOAF (adjusted HR 2.54, 95% CI 1.21–5.35, p = 0.014) as well as previous AF (adjusted HR 3.72, 95% CI 1.16–11.96, p = 0.028) was a strong predictor of ischemic stroke, and the predictive value was comparable to that of previous AF among patients with a CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥ 2. Conclusions: Both NOAF and previous AF were associated with ischemic stroke after AMI, but the impact of NOAF as a risk factor of ischemic stroke was significant only in women.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215141
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 5
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    Real-World Comparison of Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in the Era of Current-Generation Devices
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-01-10), p. 571-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-01-10), p. 571-
    Abstract: Few studies have reported comparisons of out-of-hospital clinical outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) in the era of current-generation valves that reflect the real-world situation. Data on patients with severe AS aged 65 years or older who underwent TAVR or SAVR between 2015 and 2018 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service in Korea and clinical event rate was analyzed. The primary endpoint was all-cause death at 1 year. The cohort included a total of 4623 patients over 65 years of age, of whom 1269 (27.4%) were treated with TAVR. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 2120 patients were included in the study. TAVR was associated with reduced 1-year mortality (hazard ratio (HR): 0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42–0.70; p 〈 0.001). There was no difference between the groups in the incidence of ischemic stroke (HR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.43–1.20; p = 0.21) and intracranial hemorrhage (HR: 1.10; p = 0.74). Permanent pacemaker insertion was observed more frequently in the TAVR cohort (9.4% vs. 2.5%, HR: 3.95, 95% CI: 2.57–6.09; p 〈 0.001), whereas repeat procedures were rare in both treatments (0.5% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.499). In the nation-wide real-world data analysis, TAVR with current-generation devices showed significantly lower 1-year mortality compared to SAVR in severe AS patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020571
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 6
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    Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Yield Potential Traits in Wheat Recombinant Inbred Lines
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Agronomy Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2020-12-24), p. 22-
    Details
    In: Agronomy, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2020-12-24), p. 22-
    Abstract: Selecting wheat with favorable spike characteristics has been a popular breeding strategy to improve sink capacity and yield potential. In the present study, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for yield potential traits were identified using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between Taejoong and Keumkang, two Korean wheat cultivars. A linkage map encompassing a total genetic length of 6544.8 cM was constructed using 838 single nucleotide polymorphisms from the 35K Axiom Wheat Breeder’s Array. We detected eight QTLs for four yield potential traits that are consistently identified in at least two of the three environments, that is, one for days to heading date (QDHD-1 on chromosome 7B), three for spike length (QSL-1, QSL-2, and QSL-3 on chromosomes 1D, 5A, and 6A, respectively), one for tiller number (QTN-1 on chromosome 5B), and three for length of center rachis (QLCR-1, QLCR-2, and QLCR-3 on chromosomes 1B, 5B, and 6A, respectively). Notably, Taejoong contributed the alleles for long spike at all three spike length QTLs with the additive effects of 0.6 cm, 0.6 cm, and 0.9 cm at QSL-1, QSL-2, and QSL-3, respectively. No significant two-way or three-way interaction was observed among QSL-1, QSL-2, and QSL-3, indicating that pyramiding the Taejoong alleles at the three QTLs can increase spike length additively. While the Taejoong alleles at QSL-1, QSL-2, and QSL-3 were associated with increased days to heading date, more kernels per spike, and reduced tiller number per plant, the extent of the pleiotropic effects were different among the three QTLs. Due to the limited number of molecular markers and mapping resolution, further work is required to narrow down the identified QTLs and characterize their effects more precisely. Our results would provide useful information for modulating spike characteristics and improving yield potential in wheat breeding programs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agronomy11010022
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2607043-1
    SSG: 23
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  • 7
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    Expression Patterns of Tumor Markers in Liver Transplant Recipients Showing Complete Pathological Response of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 11, No. 19 ( 2022-10-06), p. 5897-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 19 ( 2022-10-06), p. 5897-
    Abstract: Complete pathological response (CPR) is achieved with various pretransplant locoregional treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to investigate pretransplant expression of HCC tumor markers in liver transplantation (LT) recipients showing CPR. For the CPR group, 166 patients were selected from a single-institution LT database. Two control groups of 332 patients without HCC and 184 patients with partial pathological response (PPR) were also selected. The model for end-stage liver disease score in the CPR group was 11.5 ± 7.7. The number of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization sessions before LT was one in 68 patients (14.0%), two in 38 patients (22.9%), and three or more in 60 patients (36.1%). A solitary non-viable tumor was identified in 120 (86.4%) of the explant livers and the largest tumor size was 2.4 ± 1.3 cm. Living-donor and deceased-donor LTs were performed in 152 (91.6%) and 14 (8.4%) patients, respectively. The median levels of α-fetoprotein (AFP) and protein induced by Vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) measured within two weeks before LT were 4.2 ng/mL and 20 mAU/mL, respectively. These tumor marker levels were comparable to those in the no-HCC control group, but much lower than those in the PPR group (p 〈 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of AFP and PIVKA-II showed no definite cutoff values for CPR in the cohort of CPR and no-HCC patients, but significant cutoffs of 6.5 ng/mL for AFP and 29 mAU/mL for PIVKA-II were obtained in the cohort of CPR and PPR patients. The 1-, 3- and 5-year HCC recurrence and overall patient survival rates of the CPR group were 5.1% and 93.3%, 7.6% and 89.6%, and 7.6% and 89.6%, respectively. These tumor recurrence rates were much lower than those in the PPR group (p 〈 0.001). In conclusion, the present study results suggest that normalizing AFP and PIVKA-II after locoregional treatment is indicative of CPR. However, some CPR patients showed high expression of tumor markers; thus, pretransplant values of HCC tumor markers should be interpreted with caution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195897
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 8
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    Inhibitory Effect of Corn Silk on Skin Pigmentation
    MDPI AG ; 2014
    In:  Molecules Vol. 19, No. 3 ( 2014-03-03), p. 2808-2818
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 3 ( 2014-03-03), p. 2808-2818
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules19032808
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 9
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    Cytotoxicity of Human Hepatic Intrasinusoidal CD56bright Natural Killer Cells against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 20, No. 7 ( 2019-03-28), p. 1564-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 7 ( 2019-03-28), p. 1564-
    Abstract: Hepatic intrasinusoidal (HI) natural killer (NK) cells from liver perfusate have unique features that are similar to those of liver-resident NK cells. Previously, we have reported that HI CD56bright NK cells effectively degranulate against SNU398 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Thus, the aim of this study was to further investigate the phenotype and function of HI NK cells. We found that HI CD56bright NK cells degranulated much less to Huh7 cells. HI CD56bright NK cells expressed NKG2D, NKp46, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and FAS ligand (FASL) at higher levels than CD56dim cells. SNU398 cells expressed more NKG2D ligands and FAS and less PD-L1 than Huh7 cells. Blockade of NKG2D, TRAIL, and FASL significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of HI NK cells against SNU398 cells, but blockade of PD-L1 did not lead to any significant change. However, HI NK cells produced IFN-γ well in response to Huh7 cells. In conclusion, the cytotoxicity of HI CD56bright NK cells was attributed to the expression of NKG2D, TRAIL, and FASL. The results suggest the possible use of HI NK cells for cancer immunotherapy and prescreening of HCC cells to help identify the most effective NK cell therapy recipients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071564
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Reconstruction of the Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee Joint
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Medicina Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2022-06-10), p. 786-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2022-06-10), p. 786-
    Abstract: Despite remarkable advances in the clinical outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLRs), residual rotational instability of the knee joint remains a major concern. Since the anterolateral ligament (ALL) on the knee joint has been “rediscovered”, the role of anterolateral structures, including ALL and deep iliotibial band, as secondary stabilizers of anterolateral rotatory instability has gained interest. This interest has led to the resurgence of anterolateral procedures combined with ACLRs to restore rotational stability in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiencies. However, the difference in concepts between anterolateral ligament reconstructions (ALLRs) as anatomical reconstruction and lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LETs) as non-anatomical reinforcement has been conflicting in present literature. This study aimed to review the anatomy and biomechanics of anterolateral structures, surgical techniques, and the clinical outcomes of anterolateral procedures, including LET and ALLR, in patients with ACL deficiencies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060786
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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