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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Combining Biomarkers and Brain Images Provide Improved Prognostic Predictive Performance for Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survivors before Target Temperature Management?
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2020-03-10), p. 744-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2020-03-10), p. 744-
    Abstract: We examined whether combining biomarkers measurements and brain images early after the return of spontaneous circulation improves prognostic performance compared with the use of either biomarkers or brain images for patients with cardiac arrest following target temperature management (TTM). This retrospective observational study involved comatose out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. We analyzed neuron-specific enolase levels in serum (NSE) or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), grey-to-white matter ratio by brain computed tomography, presence of high signal intensity (HSI) in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and voxel-based apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Of the 58 patients, 33 (56.9%) had poor neurologic outcomes. CSF NSE levels showed better prognostic performance (area under the curve (AUC) 0.873, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.749–0.950) than serum NSE levels (AUC 0.792, 95% CI 0.644–0.888). HSI in DWI showed the best prognostic performance (AUC 0.833, 95% CI 0.711–0.919). Combining CSF NSE levels and HSI in DWI had better prognostic performance (AUC 0.925, 95% CI 0.813–0.981) than each individual method, followed by the combination of serum NSE levels and HSI on DWI and that of CSF NSE levels and the percentage of voxels of ADC (AUC 0.901, 95% CI 0.792–0.965; AUC 0.849, 95% CI 0.717–0.935, respectively). Combining CSF/serum NSE levels and HSI in DWI before TTM improved the prognostic performance compared to either each individual method or other combinations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030744
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fatty Acid Derivatives Isolated from the Oil of Persea americana (Avocado) Protects against Neomycin-Induced Hair Cell Damage
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Plants Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2021-01-18), p. 171-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2021-01-18), p. 171-
    Abstract: Avocado oil is beneficial to human health and has been reported to have beneficial effects on sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). However, the compounds in avocado oil that affect SNHL have not been identified. In this study, we identified 20 compounds from avocado oil, including two new and 18 known fatty acid derivatives, using extensive spectroscopic analysis. The efficacy of the isolated compounds for improving SNHL was investigated in an ototoxic zebrafish model. The two new compounds, namely (2R,4R,6Z)-1,2,4-trihydroxynonadec-6-ene and (2R,4R)-1,2,4-trihydroxyheptadecadi-14,16-ene (compounds 1 and 2), as well as compounds 7, 9, 14, 17 and 19 showed significant improvement in damaged hair cells in toxic zebrafish. These results led to the conclusion that compounds from avocado oil as well as oil itself have a regenerative effect on damaged otic hair cells in ototoxic zebrafish.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants10010171
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oral–Gut Microbiome Axis in Gastrointestinal Disease and Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Cancers Vol. 13, No. 7 ( 2021-04-06), p. 1748-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 7 ( 2021-04-06), p. 1748-
    Abstract: It is well-known that microbiota dysbiosis is closely associated with numerous diseases in the human body. The oral cavity and gut are the two largest microbial habitats, playing a major role in microbiome-associated diseases. Even though the oral cavity and gut are continuous regions connected through the gastrointestinal tract, the oral and gut microbiome profiles are well-segregated due to the oral–gut barrier. However, the oral microbiota can translocate to the intestinal mucosa in conditions of the oral–gut barrier dysfunction. Inversely, the gut-to-oral microbial transmission occurs as well in inter- and intrapersonal manners. Recently, it has been reported that oral and gut microbiomes interdependently regulate physiological functions and pathological processes. Oral-to-gut and gut-to-oral microbial transmissions can shape and/or reshape the microbial ecosystem in both habitats, eventually modulating pathogenesis of disease. However, the oral–gut microbial interaction in pathogenesis has been underappreciated to date. Here, we will highlight the oral–gut microbiome crosstalk and its implications in the pathogenesis of the gastrointestinal disease and cancer. Better understanding the role of the oral–gut microbiome axis in pathogenesis will be advantageous for precise diagnosis/prognosis and effective treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071748
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cimicifugae Rhizoma Extract Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Airway Inflammation via the Upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 and Downregulation of NF-κB Phosphorylation in Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Antioxidants Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2021-10-15), p. 1626-
    Details
    In: Antioxidants, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2021-10-15), p. 1626-
    Abstract: Cimicifugae Rhizoma has been used as a medicinal herb for fever, pain, and inflammation in East Asia. We conducted this study because the effect of Cimicifugae Rhizoma extract (CRE) on allergic asthma has not yet been evaluated. To induce allergic airway inflammation, we intraperitoneally injected ovalbumin (OVA) mixed with aluminum hydroxide into mice twice at intervals of 2 weeks (Days 0 and 14) and then inhaled them thrice with 1% OVA solution using a nebulizer (Days 21 to 23). CRE (30 and 100 mg/kg) was administered orally daily for 6 days (Days 18 to 23). The mice showed remarkable reduction in allergic inflammation at 100 mg/kg of CRE, as evidenced by decreased inflammatory cell counts, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, OVA-specific immunoglobulin E level, airway hyperresponsiveness, and production of mucus. Additionally, these effects were involved with the enhancement of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression and reduction of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) phosphorylation and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. Our findings indicated that CRE effectively protected against OVA-induced inflammation and oxidative stress via upregulation of the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling and downregulation of NF-κB phosphorylation in asthma caused by OVA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3921
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101626
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704216-9
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multiple Porous Synthetic Bone Graft Comprising EngineeredMicro-Channel for Drug Carrier and Bone Regeneration
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Materials Vol. 14, No. 18 ( 2021-09-15), p. 5320-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 18 ( 2021-09-15), p. 5320-
    Abstract: Due to high demand but limited supply, there has been an increase in the need to replace autologous bone grafts with alternatives that fulfill osteogenic requirements. In this study, two different types of bone grafts were tested for their drug carrying abilities along with their osteogenic properties. Two different types of alendronate-loaded bone grafts, Bio-Oss (bovine bone graft) and InRoad (biphasic synthetic bone graft) were observed to see how different concentrations of alendronate would affect the sustained release to enhance osteogenesis. In this study, defected ovariectomize-induced osteoporotic rat calvarias were observed for 28 days with three different concentrations of alendronate (0 mg, 1 mg, 5 mg) for both Bio-Oss and InRoad. A higher concentration (5 mg) allowed for a more controlled and sustained release throughout the 28-day comparison to those of lower concentrations (0 mg, 1 mg). When comparing Bio-Oss and InRoad through histology and Micro-CT, InRoad showed higher enhancement in osteogenesis. Through this study, it was observed that alendronate not only brings out robust osteogenesis with InRoad bone grafts, but also enhances bone regeneration in an alendronate-concentration-dependent manner. The combination of higher concentration of alendronate and multiple porous bone graft containing internal micro-channel structure of InRoad resulted in higher osteogenesis with a sustained release of alendronate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14185320
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Preparation and Electrical Properties of Silicone Composite Films Based on Silver Nanoparticle Decorated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Materials Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 2021-02-17), p. 948-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 2021-02-17), p. 948-
    Abstract: The electrical properties of silicone composite films filled with silver (Ag) nanoparticle-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) prepared by solution processing are investigated. Pristine MWNT is oxidized and converted to the acyl chloride-functionalized MWNT using thionyl chloride, which is subsequently reacted with amine-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (APDMS). Thereafter, APDMS-modified MWNT are decorated with Ag nanoparticles and then reacted with a poly(dimethylsiloxane) solution to form Ag-decorated MWNT silicone (Ag-decorated MWNT-APDMS/Silicone) composite. The morphological differences of the silicone composites containing Ag-decorated MWNT and APDMS-modified MWNT are observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the surface conductivities are measured by the four-probe method. Ag-decorated MWNT-APDMS/Silicone composite films show higher surface electrical conductivity than MWNT/silicone composite films. This shows that the electrical properties of Ag-decorated MWNT-APDMS/silicone composite films can be improved by the surface modification of MWNT with APDMS and Ag nanoparticles, thereby expanding their applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14040948
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Modified FOLFIRINOX as a Second-Line Treatment for Patients with Gemcitabine-Failed Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: A Prospective Multicenter Phase II Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cancers Vol. 14, No. 8 ( 2022-04-13), p. 1950-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 8 ( 2022-04-13), p. 1950-
    Abstract: Background: After the publication of the ABC-02 trial, gemcitabine and cisplatin combination therapy (GP) became the standard first-line treatment for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). Despite GP therapy, most patients suffer from disease progression. The ABC-06 trial recommended FOLFOX as a second-line treatment, but its efficacy was modest. In this phase II study, we looked at the efficacy and safety of a second-line modified dose of FOLFIRINOX (mFOLFIRINOX) for patients who had failed first-line gemcitabine-based treatment. Methods: From January 2020 to January 2021, 34 patients with advanced BTC who failed first-line gemcitabine-based chemotherapy were enrolled. We evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety outcomes of mFOLFIRINOX. Results: With a median follow-up duration of 13.4 months, the median progression-free survival and overall survival was 2.8 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6–4.0 months) and 6.2 months (95% CI: 5.0–7.4 months), respectively. The objective response rate was 14.7% with no complete response. The disease control rate was 61.7%, with a disease control duration of 4.2 months. Due to the rapid progression of the disease, approximately half of all patients received less than three cycles of treatment. The most common type of adverse event (AEs) was hematopoietic AEs. The incidence of non-hematopoietic AEs was relatively low. Conclusions: The efficacy of mFOLFIRINOX as a second-line treatment in advanced BTC patients after the failure of gemcitabine-based first-line treatment was replicated, albeit with slightly shorter survival results compared to previous studies. Long-term administration of mFOLFIRINOX with toxicity management might offer a survival benefit.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081950
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oral–Gut Microbiome Axis in Gastrointestinal Disease and Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Cancers Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2021-04-28), p. 2124-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2021-04-28), p. 2124-
    Abstract: It is well-known that microbiota dysbiosis is closely associated with numerous diseases in the human body. The oral cavity and gut are the two largest microbial habitats, playing a major role in microbiome-associated diseases. Even though the oral cavity and gut are continuous regions connected through the gastrointestinal tract, the oral and gut microbiome profiles are well-segregated due to the oral–gut barrier. However, the oral microbiota can translocate to the intestinal mucosa in conditions of the oral–gut barrier dysfunction. Inversely, the gut-to-oral microbial transmission occurs as well in inter- and intrapersonal manners. Recently, it has been reported that oral and gut microbiomes interdependently regulate physiological functions and pathological processes. Oral-to-gut and gut-to-oral microbial transmissions can shape and/or reshape the microbial ecosystem in both habitats, eventually modulating pathogenesis of disease. However, the oral–gut microbial interaction in pathogenesis has been underappreciated to date. Here, we will highlight the oral–gut microbiome crosstalk and its implications in the pathogenesis of the gastrointestinal disease and cancer. Better understanding the role of the oral–gut microbiome axis in pathogenesis will be advantageous for precise diagnosis/prognosis and effective treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092124
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Natural Analogue Approach for Discriminating Leaks of CO2 Stored Underground Using Groundwater Geochemistry Statistical Methods, South Korea
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Water Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2017-12-08), p. 960-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2017-12-08), p. 960-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w9120960
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Comparison of Frictional Properties of CVD-Grown MoS2 and Graphene Films under Dry Sliding Conditions
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 9, No. 2 ( 2019-02-19), p. 293-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 2 ( 2019-02-19), p. 293-
    Abstract: In the present study, dry friction and wear properties of atomically thin CVD-grown graphene and MoS2 films on SiO2/Si substrates were compared at low (72 MPa) and high (378 MPa) contact pressures. Analysis of atomic force microscopy images of these films verified that the MoS2 films, which were directly grown on the SiO2/Si substrates, had clean surfaces and made conformal contacts with the substrates. In contrast, the graphene film showed many contaminants on its surface and was loosely bonded with its SiO2/Si substrate due to its wet transfer from a Cu foil to the substrate. The MoS2 film exhibited friction and wear properties superior to those of the graphene film both at low and high contact pressures. We found that the clean sliding surface and strong bonding with SiO2/Si were the main causes of the superiority of the MoS2 film compared to the graphene film. Mild wear occurred in a layer-by-layer fashion at low contact pressure for the MoS2 film. At high contact pressure, severe wear occurred due to failure at the boundary between the MoS2 films and the underlying substrates. At both contact pressures, friction did not increase immediately after the removal of the MoS2 film from the SiO2/Si substrate because the film transferred onto the counter sliding surface and served as a lubricant.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano9020293
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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