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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: The Processes Involved in and Performance of These Activities by Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Subjective Memory Complaints
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 16, No. 14 ( 2019-07-23), p. 2617-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 14 ( 2019-07-23), p. 2617-
    Abstract: Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) may predict the onset of dementia. The purpose of this study was to clarify characteristics of performance of activities of daily living (ADL) for older adults with SMCs and to offer support options that enable them to maintain their community-based lifestyle. A self-administered questionnaire was sent to 2000 randomly selected members of CO-OP Kagoshima, and 621 responded. 270 responders answered all questions were categorized into SMC (+) group and SMC (−) group (n = 133). Participants were evaluated the Process Analysis of Daily Activity for Dementia. A 2-sample t-test or the Chi-square test were used to compare the averages of continuous variables or the proportions of categorical variables. The results showed the SMC (+) group ranked significantly lower in ability to use the telephone, shop, cook, do housekeeping, manage finances, and manage medications compared with the SMC (−) group. In addition, the SMC (+) group was significantly less independent than the SMC (−) group in many processes requiring the use of tools, operation of machines, management of goods, selection of tools, and monitoring. To enable continued independence of older adults’ experiencing SMCs, it may be important to analyze their performance of ADL and to develop plans for supporting their strengths.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142617
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Utility of the Shortness of Breath in Daily Activities Questionnaire (SOBDA-Q) to Detect Sedentary Behavior in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2023-06-17), p. 4105-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2023-06-17), p. 4105-
    Abstract: Sedentary behavior has been shown to be an independent predictor of mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, physicians have difficulty ascertaining patients’ activity levels because they tend to avoid shortness of breath. The reformed shortness of breath (SOB) in the daily activities questionnaire (SOBDA-Q) specifies the degree of SOB by measuring low-intensity activity behavior in everyday living. Therefore, we aimed to explore the utility of the SOBDA-Q in detecting sedentary COPD. We compared the modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRC), COPD assessment test (CAT), and SOBDA-Q with physical activity levels (PAL) in 17 healthy patients, 32 non-sedentary COPD patients (PAL ≥ 1.5 METs·h), and 15 sedentary COPD patients (PAL 〈 1.5 METs·h) in this cross-sectional study. CAT and all domains of the SOBDA-Q in all patients are significantly correlated with PAL, even after adjusting for age. The dietary domain has the highest specificity, and the outdoor activity domain has the highest sensitivity for detecting sedentary COPD. Combining these domains helped determine patients with sedentary COPD (AUC = 0.829, sensitivity = 1.00, specificity = 0.55). The SOBDA-Q is associated with PAL and could be a useful tool for determining patients with sedentary COPD. Moreover, eating and outing inactivity claims reflect sedentary behavior in patients with COPD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124105
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oral Iron Absorption of Ferric Citrate Hydrate and Hepcidin-25 in Hemodialysis Patients: A Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Riona-Oral Iron Absorption Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 18 ( 2023-09-07), p. 13779-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 18 ( 2023-09-07), p. 13779-
    Abstract: Oral ferric citrate hydrate (FCH) is effective for iron deficiencies in hemodialysis patients; however, how iron balance in the body affects iron absorption in the intestinal tract remains unclear. This prospective observational study (Riona-Oral Iron Absorption Trial, R-OIAT, UMIN 000031406) was conducted at 42 hemodialysis centers in Japan, wherein 268 hemodialysis patients without inflammation were enrolled and treated with a fixed amount of FCH for 6 months. We assessed the predictive value of hepcidin-25 for iron absorption and iron shift between ferritin (FTN) and red blood cells (RBCs) following FCH therapy. Serum iron changes at 2 h (ΔFe2h) after FCH ingestion were evaluated as iron absorption. The primary outcome was the quantitative delineation of iron variables with respect to ΔFe2h, and the secondary outcome was the description of the predictors of the body’s iron balance. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to identify the determinants of iron absorption during each phase of FCH treatment. ΔFe2h increased when hepcidin-25 and TSAT decreased (−0.459, −0.643 to −0.276, p = 0.000; −0.648, −1.099 to −0.197, p = 0.005, respectively) in GEEs. FTN increased when RBCs decreased (−1.392, −1.749 to −1.035, p = 0.000) and hepcidin-25 increased (0.297, 0.239 to 0.355, p = 0.000). Limiting erythropoiesis to maintain hemoglobin levels induces RBC reduction in hemodialysis patients, resulting in increased hepcidin-25 and FTN levels. Hepcidin-25 production may prompt an iron shift from RBC iron to FTN iron, inhibiting iron absorption even with continued FCH intake.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813779
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Clinical Variables Predicting the Acquisition of Independent Ambulation in the Acute Phase of Stroke: A Retrospective Study
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Geriatrics Vol. 8, No. 4 ( 2023-08-11), p. 80-
    Details
    In: Geriatrics, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 4 ( 2023-08-11), p. 80-
    Abstract: Background: Predictive factors associated with independent ambulation post-stroke are less commonly reported for patients during the acute phase of stroke. This study aimed to identify the clinical variables predicting ambulation independence in the acute phase of stroke and test the superiority of their prediction accuracy. Methods: Sixty-nine patients, hospitalized in the acute phase for an initial unilateral, supratentorial stroke lesion, were divided into independent (n = 24) and dependent ambulation (n = 45) groups, with functional ambulation category scores of 4–5 and ≤ 3, respectively. They were evaluated upon admission using the modified Rankin scale (mRS), Stroke Impairment Assessment Set (SIAS) concerning the motor function of the lower extremities, Ability for Basic Movement Scale modified version 2 (ABMS2), and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Results: The scores of the four measures were significantly different between the groups. A univariate logistic regression analysis identified these variables as prognostic factors for independent ambulation. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified the cutoff values (area under the curve) for the mRS, SIAS, FIM, and ABMS2 as 3 (0.74), 12 (0.73), 55 (0.85), and 23 (0.84), respectively. Conclusion: In summary, the FIM and ABMS2 may be more accurate in predicting ambulation independence in patients with stroke during the acute phase.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2308-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics8040080
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2934571-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Patterned Superhydrophobic SERS Substrates for Sample Pre-Concentration and Demonstration of Its Utility through Monitoring of Inhibitory Effects of Paraoxon and Carbaryl on AChE
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Molecules Vol. 25, No. 9 ( 2020-05-08), p. 2223-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 25, No. 9 ( 2020-05-08), p. 2223-
    Abstract: We describe a patterned surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate with the ability to pre-concentrate target molecules. A surface-adsorbed nanosphere monolayer can serve two different functions. First, it can be made into a SERS platform when covered by silver. Alternatively, it can be fashioned into a superhydrophobic surface when coated with a hydrophobic molecular species such as decyltrimethoxy silane (DCTMS). Thus, if silver is patterned onto a latter type of substrate, a SERS spot surrounded by a superhydrophobic surface can be prepared. When an aqueous sample is placed on it and allowed to dry, target molecules in the sample become pre-concentrated. We demonstrate the utility of the patterned SERS substrate by evaluating the effects of inhibitors to acetylcholinesterase (AChE). AChE is a popular target for drugs and pesticides because it plays a critical role in nerve signal transduction. We monitored the enzymatic activity of AChE through the SERS spectrum of thiocholine (TC), the end product from acetylthiocholine (ATC). Inhibitory effects of paraoxon and carbaryl on AChE were evaluated from the TC peak intensity. We show that the patterned SERS substrate can reduce both the necessary volumes and concentrations of the enzyme and substrate by a few orders of magnitude in comparison to a non-patterned SERS substrate and the conventional colorimetric method.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092223
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exclusive Breastfeeding Is Not Associated with Maternal–Infant Bonding in Early Postpartum, Considering Depression, Anxiety, and Parity
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2021-04-02), p. 1184-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2021-04-02), p. 1184-
    Abstract: It is important to clarify how the breastfeeding method affects women’s mental health, and how women’s mental health affects the breastfeeding method in the early postpartum period when major depression and other psychiatric problems are most likely to occur. This study aimed to examine this bidirectional relationship in the early postpartum period. Participants were 2020 postpartum women who completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS). We obtained data for participants’ breastfeeding method for four weeks after childbirth. We performed a path analysis with factors including breastfeeding method (exclusive breastfeeding or non-exclusive breastfeeding), parity (primipara or multipara), the two HADS subscales (anxiety and depression), and the two MIBS subscales (lack of affection and anger and rejection). The path analysis showed that breastfeeding method did not significantly affect depression, anxiety, and maternal–infant bonding in the early postpartum period. Women with higher anxiety tended to use both formula-feeding and breastfeeding. Our study suggests that exclusive breastfeeding is not associated with maternal-fetal bonding in early postpartum, considering depression, anxiety, and parity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13041184
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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