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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proanthocyanidins Prevent High Glucose-Induced Eye Malformation by Restoring Pax6 Expression in Chick Embryo
    MDPI AG ; 2015
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 7, No. 8 ( 2015-08-07), p. 6567-6581
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 8 ( 2015-08-07), p. 6567-6581
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu7085299
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 2
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    Intermedin Alleviates Vascular Calcification in CKD through Sirtuin 3-Mediated Inhibition of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Pharmaceuticals Vol. 15, No. 10 ( 2022-10-02), p. 1224-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceuticals, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 10 ( 2022-10-02), p. 1224-
    Abstract: Vascular calcification (VC) is a common pathophysiological process of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3), a major NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase predominantly in mitochondria, is involved in the pathogenesis of VC. We previously reported that intermedin (IMD) could protect against VC. In this study, we investigated whether IMD attenuates VC by Sirt3-mediated inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative stress. A rat VC with CKD model was induced by the 5/6 nephrectomy plus vitamin D3. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification was induced by CaCl2 and β-glycerophosphate. IMD1-53 treatment attenuated VC in vitro and in vivo, rescued the depressed mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) level and decreased mitochondrial ROS levels in calcified VSMCs. IMD1-53 treatment recovered the reduced protein level of Sirt3 in calcified rat aortas and VSMCs. Inhibition of VSMC calcification by IMD1-53 disappeared when the cells were Sirt3 absent or pretreated with the Sirt3 inhibitor 3-TYP. Furthermore, 3-TYP pretreatment blocked IMD1-53-mediated restoration of the MMP level and inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative stress in calcified VSMCs. The attenuation of VSMC calcification by IMD1-53 through upregulation of Sirt3 might be achieved through activation of the IMD receptor and post-receptor signaling pathway AMPK, as indicated by pretreatment with an IMD receptor antagonist or AMPK inhibitor blocking the inhibition of VSMC calcification and upregulation of Sirt3 by IMD1-53. AMPK inhibitor treatment reversed the effects of IMD1-53 on restoring the MMP level and inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress in calcified VSMCs. In conclusion, IMD attenuates VC by improving mitochondrial function and inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress through upregulating Sirt3.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8247
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ph15101224
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2193542-7
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
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    Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of Malus hupehensis: Genome Structure, Comparative Analysis, and Phylogenetic Relationships
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Molecules Vol. 23, No. 11 ( 2018-11-08), p. 2917-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 11 ( 2018-11-08), p. 2917-
    Abstract: Malus hupehensis belongs to the Malus genus (Rosaceae) and is an indigenous wild crabapple of China. This species has received more and more attention, due to its important medicinal, and excellent ornamental and economical, values. In this study, the whole chloroplast (cp) genome of Malus hupehensis, using a Hiseq X Ten sequencing platform, is reported. The M. hupehensis cp genome is 160,065 bp in size, containing a large single copy region (LSC) of 88,166 bp and a small single copy region (SSC) of 19,193 bp, separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 26,353 bp. It contains 112 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 30 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and four ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). The overall nucleotide composition is 36.6% CG. A total of 96 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified, most of them were found to be mononucleotide repeats composed of A/T. In addition, a total of 49 long repeats were identified, including 24 forward repeats, 21 palindromic repeats, and four reverse repeats. Comparisons of the IR boundaries of nine Malus complete chloroplast genomes presented slight variations at IR/SC boundaries regions. A phylogenetic analysis, based on 26 chloroplast genomes using the maximum likelihood (ML) method, indicates that M. hupehensis clustered closer ties with M. baccata, M. micromalus, and M. prunifolia than with M. tschonoskii. The availability of the complete chloroplast genome using genomics methods is reported here and provides reliable genetic information for future exploration on the taxonomy and phylogenetic evolution of the Malus and related species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112917
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
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    A Novel 65-bp Indel in the GOLGB1 Gene Is Associated with Chicken Growth and Carcass Traits
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Animals Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2020-03-12), p. 475-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2020-03-12), p. 475-
    Abstract: Golgin subfamily B member 1 (GOLGB1) gene encodes the coat protein 1 vesicle inhibiting factor, giantin. Previous study showed that mutations of the GOLGB1 gene are associated with dozens of human developmental disorders and diseases. However, the biological function of GOLGB1 gene in chicken is still unclear. In this study, we detected a novel 65-bp insertion/deletion (indel) polymorphism in the chicken GOLGB1 intron 5. Association of this indel with chicken growth and carcass traits was analyzed in a yellow chicken population. Results showed that this 65-bp indel was significantly associated with chicken body weight (p 〈 0.05), highly significantly associated with neck weight, abdominal fat weight, abdominal fat percentage and the yellow index b of breast (p 〈 0.01). Analysis of genetic parameters indicated that “I” was the predominant allele. Except for the yellow index b of breast, II genotype individuals had the best growth characteristics, by comparison with the ID genotype and DD genotype individuals. Moreover, the mRNA expression of GOLGB1 was detected in the liver tissue of chicken with different GOLGB1 genotypes, where the DD genotype displayed high expression levels. These findings hinted that the 65-bp indel in GOLGB1 could be assigned to a molecular marker in chicken breeding and enhance production in the chicken industry.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani10030475
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    All-Optically Controllable Photonic Crystals Based on Chiral-Azobenzene-Doped Blue Phase Liquid Crystals
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Crystals Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2020-10-06), p. 906-
    Details
    In: Crystals, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2020-10-06), p. 906-
    Abstract: In this study, the all-optical control properties of photonic crystals based on self-assembled chiral-azobenzene-doped blue phase liquid crystals (CA-BPLCs) were investigated. The difference in the photothermal characteristics of CA-BPLCs with and without homogeneous surface alignment was discussed. Results revealed that surface alignment could induce more uniform and diverse blue phase (BP) structures, including BPII, BPI, and BPS-like phases during cooling. Consequently, the temperature range of BP was wider than that of the sample without surface alignment. All-optical control experiments with light illumination were then performed on the aligned or nonaligned CA-BPLC samples. During continuous irradiation with light beams at wavelengths of 405 and 450 nm, CA dopants underwent trans→cis and cis→trans back photoisomerizations, respectively. These processes promoted isothermal phase transition and wavelength shifting, which further enabled the all-optical control of the CA-BPLC samples. Various optical control modes of BPLC could be achieved through phase change and wavelength shifting by appropriately selecting the working temperature and surface treatment of BPLC. This study could be further used as a basis for developing photoswitchable and tunable BPLC photonic devices, such as light-controllable gratings, filters, mirrors, and lasers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4352
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cryst10100906
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661516-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Integrated Analysis of the microRNA–mRNA Network Predicts Potential Regulators of Atrial Fibrillation in Humans
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cells Vol. 11, No. 17 ( 2022-08-24), p. 2629-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 17 ( 2022-08-24), p. 2629-
    Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a form of sustained cardiac arrhythmia and microRNAs (miRs) play crucial roles in the pathophysiology of AF. To identify novel miR–mRNA pairs, we performed RNA-seq from atrial biopsies of persistent AF patients and non-AF patients with normal sinus rhythm (SR). Differentially expressed miRs (11 down and 9 up) and mRNAs (95 up and 82 down) were identified and hierarchically clustered in a heat map. Subsequently, GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses were run to identify deregulated pathways. Then, miR targets were predicted in the miRDB database, and a regulatory network of negatively correlated miR–mRNA pairs was constructed using Cytoscape. To select potential candidate genes from GSEA analysis, the top-50 enriched genes in GSEA were overlaid with predicted targets of differentially deregulated miRs. Further, the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of enriched genes in GSEA was constructed, and subsequently, GO and canonical pathway analyses were run for genes in the PPI network. Our analyses showed that TNF-α, p53, EMT, and SYDECAN1 signaling were among the highly affected pathways in AF samples. SDC-1 (SYNDECAN-1) was the top-enriched gene in p53, EMT, and SYDECAN1 signaling. Consistently, SDC-1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in atrial samples of AF patients. Among negatively correlated miRs, miR-302b-3p was experimentally validated to suppress SDC-1 transcript levels. Overall, our results suggested that the miR-302b-3p/SDC-1 axis may be involved in the pathogenesis of AF.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells11172629
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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  • 7
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    Spatiotemporal Evolution of Wind Erosion and Ecological Service Assessments in Northern Songnen Plain, China
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 15, No. 7 ( 2023-03-27), p. 5829-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 7 ( 2023-03-27), p. 5829-
    Abstract: The northern Songnen Plain in China is one of the most important areas for grain production in China, which has been increasingly affected by wind erosion in recent years. This study analyzed the dynamic spatiotemporal distribution of wind erosion in the northern Songnen Plain from 2010 to 2018 using the Revised Wind Erosion Equation model. The ecological service function of the study area was evaluated by constructing a spatial visualization map of windbreak and sand-fixation service flow. Wind erosion worsened from 2010 to 2018. The gravity center of different categories of wind erosion intensity moved to the northeast, indicating a risk of spreading from south to north. The amount of wind erosion in 2018 increased by 50.78% compared with 2010. The increase of wind force and temperature and the decrease of precipitation may have contributed to these trends. Long-term wind erosion led to soil coarsening, decreased soil organic matter, soil organic carbon, and total nitrogen contents, and increased soil CaCO3 and pH, which may be one reason for slight soil salinization observed in some regions. Therefore, windbreak and sand-fixation management and eco-environmental protection are urgently required. This study is the first detailed assessment of wind erosion in the northern Songnen Plain on a regional scale and the first to propose measures for ecological restoration and desertification control.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su15075829
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Classification Method of Uniform Circular Array Radar Ground Clutter Data Based on Chaotic Genetic Algorithm
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Sensors Vol. 21, No. 13 ( 2021-07-05), p. 4596-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 13 ( 2021-07-05), p. 4596-
    Abstract: The classification and recognition of radar clutter is helpful to improve the efficiency of radar signal processing and target detection. In order to realize the effective classification of uniform circular array (UCA) radar clutter data, a classification method of ground clutter data based on the chaotic genetic algorithm is proposed. In this paper, the characteristics of UCA radar ground clutter data are studied, and then the statistical characteristic factors of correlation, non-stationery and range-Doppler maps are extracted, which can be used to classify ground clutter data. Based on the clustering analysis, results of characteristic factors of radar clutter data under different wave-controlled modes in multiple scenarios, we can see: in radar clutter clustering of different scenes, the chaotic genetic algorithm can save 34.61% of clustering time and improve the classification accuracy by 42.82% compared with the standard genetic algorithm. In radar clutter clustering of different wave-controlled modes, the timeliness and accuracy of the chaotic genetic algorithm are improved by 42.69% and 20.79%, respectively, compared to standard genetic algorithm clustering. The clustering experiment results show that the chaotic genetic algorithm can effectively classify UCA radar’s ground clutter data.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s21134596
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Genetic Authentication of the Medicinal Plant Portulaca oleracea Using a Quick, Precise, and Sensitive Isothermal DNA Amplification Assay
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 13 ( 2023-06-27), p. 10730-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 13 ( 2023-06-27), p. 10730-
    Abstract: Portulaca oleracea (PO) is a commonly known medicinal crop that is an important ingredient for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) due to its use as a vegetable in the diet. PO has been recorded to be frequently adulterated by other related species in the market of herbal plants, distorting the PO plant identity. Thus, identification of the botanical origin of PO is a crucial step before pharmaceutical or functional food application. In this research, a quick assay named “loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)” was built for the specific and sensitive authentication of PO DNA. On the basis of the divergences in the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence between PO and its adulterant species, the LAMP primers were designed and verified their specificity, sensitivity, and application for the PO DNA authentication. The detection limit of the LAMP assay for PO DNA identification specifically was 100 fg under isothermal conditions at 63 °C for 30 min. In addition, different heat-processed PO samples can be applied for use in PO authentication in the LAMP assay. These samples of PO were more susceptible to the effect of steaming in authentication by PCR than boiling and drying treatment. Furthermore, commercial PO samples pursued from herbal markets were used to display their applicability of the developed LAMP analysis for PO postharvest authentication, and the investigation found that approximately 68.4% of PO specimens in the marketplace of herbal remedies were adulterated. In summary, the specific, sensitive, and rapid LAMP assay for PO authentication was first successfully developed herein, and its practical application for the inspection of adulteration in PO samples from the herbal market was shown. This LAMP assay created in this study will be useful to authenticate the botanical origin of PO and its commercial products.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310730
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Investigating the Effect of Cutting Parameters of Ti–6Al–4V on Surface Roughness Based on a SPH Cutting Model
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2019-02-15), p. 654-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2019-02-15), p. 654-
    Abstract: This work establishes a 2D numerical model to simulate the cutting process of workpieces made of Ti–6Al–4V, by applying an improved Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics algorithm together with a modified constitutive model based on the Johnson–Cook model known as Hyperbolic Tangent (TANH). The location information of the surface particles obtained by the SPH cutting model are used to evaluate the variation trend of surface roughness with different parameters. Parameters that affect the surface roughness are investigated in detail by using the Taguchi method and the SPH cutting model. The present work provides an efficient and cost-effective approach to determine the optimal parameters for cutting processes for Ti–6AL–4V workpieces, through computer simulations in virtual environments, instead of expensive and time-consuming cutting experiments using actual workpieces.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app9040654
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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