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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Curcumin and Graphene Oxide Incorporated into Alginate Hydrogels as Versatile Devices for the Local Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Materials Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 2022-02-22), p. 1648-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 2022-02-22), p. 1648-
    Abstract: With the aim of preparing hybrid hydrogels suitable for use as patches for the local treatment of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-affected areas, curcumin (CUR) was loaded onto graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, which were then blended into an alginate hydrogel that was crosslinked by means of calcium ions. The homogeneous incorporation of GO within the polymer network, which was confirmed through morphological investigations, improved the stability of the hybrid system compared to blank hydrogels. The weight loss in the 100–170 °C temperature range was reduced from 30% to 20%, and the degradation of alginate chains shifted to higher temperatures. Moreover, GO enhanced the stability in water media by counteracting the de-crosslinking process of the polymer network. Cell viability assays showed that the loading of CUR (2.5% and 5% by weight) was able to reduce the intrinsic toxicity of GO towards healthy cells, while higher amounts were ineffective due to the antioxidant/prooxidant paradox. Interestingly, the CUR-loaded systems were found to possess a strong cytotoxic effect in SCC cancer cells, and the sustained CUR release (~50% after 96 h) allowed long-term anticancer efficiency to be hypothesized.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma15051648
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fe1-xNix Alloy Nanoparticles Encapsulated Inside Carbon Nanotubes: Controlled Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 8, No. 8 ( 2018-07-28), p. 576-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 8 ( 2018-07-28), p. 576-
    Abstract: In the present work, different synthesis procedures have been demonstrated to fill carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with Fe1-xNix alloy nanoparticles (x = 0.33, 0.5). CNTs act as templates for the encapsulation of magnetic nanoparticles, and provide a protective shield against oxidation as well as prevent nanoparticles agglomeration. By variation of the reaction parameters, the purity of the samples, degree of filling, the composition and size of filling nanoparticles have been tailored and therefore the magnetic properties. The samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Bright-field (BF) TEM tomography, X-ray powder diffraction, superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Fe1-xNix-filled CNTs show a huge enhancement in the coercive fields compared to the corresponding bulk materials, which make them excellent candidates for several applications such as magnetic storage devices.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano8080576
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Removal of Lead, Cadmium, and Aluminum Sulfate from Simulated and Real Water with Native and Oxidized Starches
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Polysaccharides Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2021-06-04), p. 429-453
    Details
    In: Polysaccharides, MDPI AG, Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2021-06-04), p. 429-453
    Abstract: The separation of toxic pollutants such as Pb2+, Cd2+, and Al3+ from water is a constant challenge as contamination of natural water bodies is increasing. Al3+ and especially Pb2+ and Cd2+ are ecotoxic and highly toxic for humans, even in ppb concentrations, and therefore removal below a dangerous level is demanding. Herein, the potential adsorber material starch, being ecofriendly, cheap, and abundantly available, was investigated. Thus, four different native starch samples (potato, corn, waxy corn, and wheat starch) and two oxidized starches (oxidized potato and corn starch) were comprehensively analyzed with streaming potential and charge density measurements, SEM-EDX, ATR-FTIR, 1H-NMR, and TGA. Subsequently, the starch samples were tested for the adsorption of Pb2+, Cd2+, and Al3+ from the respective sulfate salt solution. The adsorption process was analyzed by ICP-OES and SEM-EDX, and the adsorption isotherms were fitted comparing Langmuir, Sips, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. Oxidized starch, for which chemical modification is one of the simplest, and also native potato starch were excellent natural adsorber materials for Al3+, Cd2+, and especially Pb2+ in the low concentration range, exhibiting maximum adsorption capacities of 84, 71, and 104 µmol/g for oxidized potato starch, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-4176
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides2020027
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3040322-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Native and Oxidized Starch for Adsorption of Nickel, Iron, and Manganese Ions from Water
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Polysaccharides Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 2022-08-10), p. 556-573
    Details
    In: Polysaccharides, MDPI AG, Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 2022-08-10), p. 556-573
    Abstract: The adsorption of heavy metal ions from surface water with ecologically safe and biodegradable biopolymers is increasingly becoming an appealing research challenge. Starch as a biopolymer is exceptionally attractive to solve this problem for its low cost and abundant availability in nature. To expel Ni2+, Fe2+/3+, and Mn2+ from water, we analyzed two native and two oxidized starches, namely potato and corn starch, as bio-adsorbers. The morphology and the surface property of the different starches were studied using SEM. To assess the effectiveness of adsorption onto the starches, we tested three realistic concentrations based on German drinking water ordinance values that were 10-fold, 100-fold, and 1000-fold the limits for Mn2+, Fe2+, and Ni2+, respectively. The concentration of the different ions was measured using the ICP-OES. Furthermore, from subsequent investigations of the adsorption isotherms, we evaluated the adsorption capacities and mechanisms. The adsorption isotherms were fitted using the Langmuir, Sips, and Dubinin–Radushkevich models, whereby Sips showed the highest correlation. Oxidized potato starch achieved viable adsorption capacities of 77 µmol Fe2+/g, 84 µmol Mn2+/g, and 118 µmol Ni2+/g. Investigating the influence of initial swelling in water on the adsorption performance, we found that especially the percentage removal with oxidized starches decreased significantly due to the formation of hydrogen bonds with water molecules at their binding sites with prior swelling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-4176
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides3030033
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3040322-4
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Systematic Investigations of Annealing and Functionalization of Carbon Nanotube Yarns
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Molecules Vol. 25, No. 5 ( 2020-03-04), p. 1144-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 25, No. 5 ( 2020-03-04), p. 1144-
    Abstract: Carbon nanotube yarns (CNY) are a novel carbonaceous material and have received a great deal of interest since the beginning of the 21st century. CNY are of particular interest due to their useful heat conducting, electrical conducting, and mechanical properties. The electrical conductivity of carbon nanotube yarns can also be influenced by functionalization and annealing. A systematical study of this post synthetic treatment will assist in understanding what factors influences the conductivity of these materials. In this investigation, it is shown that the electrical conductivity can be increased by a factor of 2 and 5.5 through functionalization with acids and high temperature annealing respectively. The scale of the enhancement is dependent on the reducing of intertube space in case of functionalization. For annealing, not only is the highly graphitic structure of the carbon nanotubes (CNT) important, but it is also shown to influence the residual amorphous carbon in the structure. The promising results of this study can help to utilize CNY as a replacement for common materials in the field of electrical wiring.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051144
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Impact of Nε-Acryloyllysine Piperazides on the Conformational Dynamics of Transglutaminase 2
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2023-01-13), p. 1650-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2023-01-13), p. 1650-
    Abstract: In addition to the classic functions of proteins, such as acting as a biocatalyst or binding partner, the conformational states of proteins and their remodeling upon stimulation need to be considered. A prominent example of a protein that undergoes comprehensive conformational remodeling is transglutaminase 2 (TGase 2), the distinct conformational states of which are closely related to particular functions. Its involvement in various pathophysiological processes, including fibrosis and cancer, motivates the development of theranostic agents, particularly based on inhibitors that are directed toward the transamidase activity. In this context, the ability of such inhibitors to control the conformational dynamics of TGase 2 emerges as an important parameter, and methods to assess this property are in great demand. Herein, we describe the application of the switchSENSE® principle to detect conformational changes caused by three irreversibly binding Nε-acryloyllysine piperazides, which are suitable radiotracer candidates of TGase 2. The switchSENSE® technique is based on DNA levers actuated by alternating electric fields. These levers are immobilized on gold electrodes with one end, and at the other end of the lever, the TGase 2 is covalently bound. A novel computational method is introduced for describing the resulting lever motion to quantify the extent of stimulated conformational TGase 2 changes. Moreover, as a complementary biophysical method, native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed under similar conditions to validate the results. Both methods prove the occurrence of an irreversible shift in the conformational equilibrium of TGase 2, caused by the binding of the three studied Nε-acryloyllysine piperazides.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021650
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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