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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ultrasound Treatment Influence on Antioxidant Properties of Blueberry Vinegar
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Fermentation Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2023-06-27), p. 600-
    Details
    In: Fermentation, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2023-06-27), p. 600-
    Abstract: As one of the most widely used acidic condiments in the world, vinegars have demonstrated physiological functions. Due to their polyphenol content, blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) are a valuable source of natural flavours and antioxidants for vinegar production. Ultrasound treatment is recognized as an effective technique for improving the extraction yield of bioactive compounds from various plant materials. The aim of this research was to investigate the antioxidant properties of experimental vinegar variants obtained by an innovative manufacturing recipe using an alcoholic substrate containing blueberry juice for a rapid initiation of acetic fermentation. The substrate was subjected to ultrasound treatment at a frequency of 20 kHz and an amplitude (A) of 40%, 60%, and 80% for 3, 4, and 5 min. Under these conditions, total polyphenol content (TPC), total anthocyanins content (TAC), antioxidant activity based on ABTS and DPPH assays, as well as the sensory attributes in blueberry-vinegar formulations, were evaluated. The level of TPC and TAC and the antioxidant activity of the developed vinegar variants were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The obtained results revealed that ultrasound treatment resulted in increased TPC and TAC and improved antioxidant properties and sensory characteristics of blueberry vinegar. Our data revealed that the optimum values of the ultrasound treatment parameters were amplitude A: 78.50% and time t: 3.96 min. The following predicted values were determined for the main parameters: TPC: 628.01 mg GAE/L, TAC: 22.79 mg C3G/L, ABTS: 391.7 μmol/100 mL, and DPPH: 229.17 μmol/100 mL. The results of this study recommend the integration of both the use of an alcoholic substrate containing blueberry juice and the application of ultrasound treatment in vinegar production as innovative technological interventions with practical applicability for a rapid initiation of acetic fermentation and for improving the antioxidant properties of blueberry vinegar. In addition, RSM can be considered a valuable tool to optimize the ultrasound treatment’s effect on the antioxidant properties of the vinegar formulations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-5637
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9070600
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813985-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Quality of Life of Patients with Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Undergoing Preoperative Chemoradiation
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 10, No. 18 ( 2020-09-21), p. 6585-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 18 ( 2020-09-21), p. 6585-
    Abstract: Of all the neoplastic sites, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the family. Studies estimate that approximately 30% of all the CRC cases are a hereditary form of the disease with a potentially high impact on the quality of life (QoL), with a high risk of recurrence, and with bio–psycho–social functioning. The aim of the study was to assess the QoL of colorectal cancer patients with genetic risk by using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) questionnaire version QLQ-CR29. Materials and methods: The cross-sectional, single-center study was performed on a group of 32 patients with genetic risk of colorectal cancer, who underwent preoperative chemoradiation and surgery. Results: The series of values for the scores on the symptom scale varied between 15 and 30, and the average level of symptom scores did not differ significantly between gender (22.0 vs. 22.75; p = 0.636), highlighting a moderate impairment of QoL. Scores for the emotional functioning scale were significantly lower in men (10.33 vs. 13.25; p = 0.049), as were the scores for the physical functions (15.67 vs. 19.15; p = 0.039), showing a decrease in QoL. Conclusions: The overall score showed an average QoL in patients with colorectal cancer with genetic risk, highlighting significant differences in psycho-emotional functioning between women and men.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app10186585
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multidimensional Approach on Sustainability of Ageing in Romanian Residential Care Centres for Elders
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2018-09-18), p. 3336-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2018-09-18), p. 3336-
    Abstract: Residential care centres for elders (RCCEs) in Romania have rapidly developed over the last two decades. In the absence of coherent policies regarding elderly people, RCCEs are mainly the result of businesses arising from an acceleration of the ageing process in Romania. This study uses a multidimensional approach to investigate issues related to the sustainability of ageing in RCCEs in Romania. Specifically, it aims to analyse whether the grouping of RCCEs is following the distribution of elderly Romanian population likely to require such amenities, and whether the characteristics and services of these facilities were appropriate for their users in line with World Health Organization’s Agenda of Ageing. The research relies on a combination of quantitative methods by Geographical Information System (GIS) spatial analysis, and qualitative methods by interviews. The results show that remote rural areas have clusters with high shares of aged population, while the distribution of the RCCEs prevails in large cities, being partly adapted to socio-spatial requirements, and the general trends of the demographic ageing process. These findings are in contrast with the dominant perception of RCCE beneficiaries, who want to be closer to their domiciles, as they are more oriented towards family values, emotionally affected by separation from their relatives, consider themselves socially and spatially segregated groups in care centres, although aware of the need for long-term institutional care. The study reveals the necessity for optimising health policies for elders, by improving the socio-spatial management of such services and building age-friendly environments in long-term care in consent with WHO calls.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su10093336
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Electrochemotherapy and Other Clinical Applications of Electroporation for the Targeted Therapy of Metastatic Melanoma
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Materials Vol. 14, No. 14 ( 2021-07-16), p. 3985-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 14 ( 2021-07-16), p. 3985-
    Abstract: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective bioelectrochemical procedure that uses controlled electrical pulses to facilitate the increase of intracellular concentration of certain substances (electropermeabilization/ reversible electroporation). ECT using antitumor drugs such as bleomycin and cisplatin is a minimally invasive targeted therapy that can be used as an alternative for oncologic patients not eligible for surgery or other standard therapies. Even though ECT is mainly applied as palliative care for metastases, it may also be used for primary tumors that are unresectable due to size and location. Skin neoplasms are the main clinical indication of ECT, the procedure reporting good curative results and high efficiency across all tumor types, including melanoma. In daily practice, there are many cases in which the patient’s quality of life can be significantly improved by a safe procedure such as ECT. Its popularity must be increased because it has a safe profile and minor local adverse reactions. The method can be used by dermatologists, oncologists, and surgeons. The aim of this paper is to review recent literature concerning electrochemotherapy and other clinical applications of electroporation for the targeted therapy of metastatic melanoma.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14143985
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Novel Electrospun Polylactic Acid/Hydroxyapatite Nanofibres Loaded with Doxycycline
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Materials Vol. 15, No. 18 ( 2022-09-07), p. 6225-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 18 ( 2022-09-07), p. 6225-
    Abstract: The present study aimed to assess the in vitro antimicrobial effects of a novel biomaterial containing polylactic acid (PLA), nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAP) and Doxycycline (Doxy) obtained by electrospinning and designed for the non-surgical periodontal treatment. The antimicrobial activity of two samples (test sample, PLA-HAP-Doxy7: 5% PLA, nano-HAP, 7% Doxy and control sample, PLA-HAP: 5% PLA, nano-HAP) against two periodontal pathogens—Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis—was assessed using the Kirby–Bauer Disk Diffusion Susceptibility Test and compared with the effect of four antibiotics used as adjuvants in periodontal therapy: Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Doxy and Metronidazole. The test sample (embedded with Doxy) showed higher inhibitory effects than commonly used antibiotics used in the treatment of periodontitis, while the control sample showed no inhibitory effects. Moreover, significant differences were observed between the inhibition zones of the two samples (p 〈 0.05). The Doxy-loaded PLA nanofibres had an antimicrobial effect against the periodontal pathogens. Based on these results, the novel biomaterial could be a promising candidate as adjuvant for the non-surgical local treatment in periodontitis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma15186225
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Predictive Value of HPV, p53, and p16 in the Post-Treatment Evolution of Malignant Tumors of the Oropharynx and Retromolar Trigone–Oropharynx Junction
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Medicina Vol. 56, No. 10 ( 2020-10-15), p. 542-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 56, No. 10 ( 2020-10-15), p. 542-
    Abstract: Background and objectives: Knowledge of the interactions and influences of infectious, genetic, and environmental factors on the evolution and treatment response of malignant tumors is essential for improving the management of the disease and increasing patient survival. The objective of this study was to establish the contribution of human papillomavirus (HPV), as well as p53 and p16 tumor markers, alongside associated factors (smoking and alcohol consumption), in the progression of malignancies located in the oropharynx and at the retromolar trigone–oropharyngeal junction. Materials and Methods: We performed a prospective study including 50 patients with malignant tumors of the oropharynx and retromolar trigone–oropharyngeal junction. In all patients, the presence and type of HPV were determined, as well as the status of the tumor markers p53 and p16. The associated risk factors, biopsy results, treatment method, and post-treatment evolution were all documented. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the correlations between the determining factors and their influence on the post-treatment evolution. An overall increased survival rate was found in HPV(+) patients. Results: Our study outlined the prevalence of different high-risk subtypes of HPV from the ones presented by other studies, suggesting a possible geographic variation. Correlations between the p53 and p16 statuses and patient survival could be established. The association of smoking and alcohol consumption strongly correlated with an unfavorable evolution. Conclusions: Awareness of the differences in the post-treatment evolution of the patients in relation to the presence of the factors determined in our study could change the future management of such cases for ensuring improved treatment outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina56100542
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Valorization of Agri-Food Wastes as Sustainable Eco-Materials for Wastewater Treatment: Current State and New Perspectives
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Materials Vol. 14, No. 16 ( 2021-08-15), p. 4581-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 16 ( 2021-08-15), p. 4581-
    Abstract: The paper addresses environmental protection by valorizing an important agri-food waste category, namely fruit and vegetables with focusing on the main characteristics regarding consumption, waste quantities, and ways for valorizing these materials. Thus, vast research was undertaken in order to emphasize the main commodities and their potential application as adsorbents for organic and inorganic pollutants. The main methods or treatment techniques applied for the valorization of eco-materials as adsorbents were presented and the principal efficiency results were indicated. The advantages and disadvantages of using these eco-materials as adsorbents in wastewater treatment were revealed and future recommendations were established. According to the international statistics, the most purchased and consumed five commodities were studied regarding waste generations as potential conversion into eco-materials with an adsorbent role for water pollutants. Thus, the performances for adsorbents based on fruit wastes (such as citrus, banana, apples, grapes, mango) and vegetable wastes (such as potatoes, tomatoes, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, and/or broccoli) were studied and highlighted in this research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14164581
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Characterization of the Tumor Microenvironment and the Biological Processes with a Role in Prostatic Tumorigenesis
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Biomedicines Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2022-07-12), p. 1672-
    Details
    In: Biomedicines, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2022-07-12), p. 1672-
    Abstract: Prostate intratumoral heterogeneity, driven by epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity, contributes to the limited treatment response, and it is therefore necessary to use the biomarkers to improve patient prognostic survival. We aimed to characterize the tumor microenvironment (T lymphocyte infiltration, intratumoral CD34, and KI-67 expressions) by immunohistochemistry methods and to study the biological mechanisms (cell cycle, cell proliferation by adhesion glycoproteins, cell apoptosis) involved in the evolution of the prostate tumor process by flow-cytometry techniques. Our results showed that proliferative activity (S-phase) revealed statistically significant lower values of prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) reported at non-malignant adjacent cell samples (PCa 4.32 ± 4.91; BPH 2.35 ± 1.37 vs. C 10.23 ± 0.43, p 〈 0.01). Furthermore, 68% of BPH cases and 88% of patients with PCa had aneuploidy. Statistically increased values of cell proliferation (CD34+ CD61+) were observed in prostate adenocarcinoma and hyperplasia cases reported to non-malignant adjacent cell samples (PCa 28.79 ± 10.14; BPH 40.65 ± 11.88 vs. C 16.15 ± 2.58, p 〈 0.05). The CD42b+ cell population with a role in cell adhesion, and metastasis had a significantly increased value in PCa cases (38.39 ± 11.23) reported to controls (C 26.24 ± 0.62, p 〈 0.01). The intratumoral expression of CD34 showed a significantly increased pattern of PCa tissue samples reported to controls (PCa 26.12 ± 6.84 vs. C 1.50 ± 0.70, p 〈 0.01). Flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle, apoptosis, and adhesion glycoproteins with a critical role in tumoral cell proliferation, T cell infiltrations, Ki-67, and CD 34 expressions by IHC methods are recommended as techniques for the efficient means of measurement for adenocarcinoma and hyperplasia prostate tissue samples and should be explored in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071672
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720867-9
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Photocatalytic Degradation of Ampicillin Using PLA/TiO2 Hybrid Nanofibers Coated on Different Types of Fiberglass
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Water Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2020-01-08), p. 176-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2020-01-08), p. 176-
    Abstract: New photocatalytic membranes based on polylactic acid (PLA)/TiO2 hybrid nanofibers deposited on fiberglass supports were prepared and tested for the removal of ampicillin from aqueous solutions. The electrospinning technique was used to obtain hybrid nanofibers that were deposited on three types of fiberglass with different structures, resulting in three distinct photocatalytic membranes namely fiberglass fabric plain woven-type membrane, fiberglass mat-type membrane, and fiberglass fabric one-fold edge-type membrane. The results of the photocatalytic tests showed that the highest efficiency of ampicillin removal from aqueous solution is obtained with the fiberglass fabric plain woven-type membrane. Although it has been shown that the rate of photocatalytic degradation of ampicillin is high, being practically eliminated within the first 30 min of photocatalysis, the degree of mineralization of the aqueous solution is low even after two hours of photocatalysis due to the degradation of PLA from the photocatalytic membrane. The instability of PLA in the reactive environment of the photocatalytic reactor, evidenced by morphological, mineralogical and spectroscopic analyzes as well as by kinetic studies, is closely related to the structure of the fiberglass membrane used as a support for PLA/TiO2 hybrid nanofibers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w12010176
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 10
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    Bioactive Collagen Hydrolysate-Chitosan/Essential Oil Electrospun Nanofibers Designed for Medical Wound Dressings
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Pharmaceutics Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-11-16), p. 1939-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceutics, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-11-16), p. 1939-
    Abstract: In this study, lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) and dill (Anethum graveolens L.) essential oils (EOs) were encapsulated into collagen hydrolysates extracted from bovine tendons and rabbit skins, both mixed with chitosan (CS) by using the coaxial electrospinning technique for potential wound dressing applications. The morphology and chemical composition of the electrospun nanofibers were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The antimicrobial activity of the dill EO and lemon EO, as well as the electrospun samples loaded with essential oils was determined by disk diffusion assay against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, and Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028 bacterial strains; Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Candida glabrata ATCC 90028 yeast strains; and Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 9642 fungal strain. In vivo biocompatibility testing of the collagen hydrolysate-chitosan/essential oil electrospun nanofibers was based on the determination of the hematological, biochemical, and immunological profile and the evaluation of the influence produced on the oxidative stress in white Swiss mice. The synergetic effect of dill and lemon balm EOs can improve the antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate-chitosan nanofibers against the most important bacterial strains. The in vivo test results suggested a good biocompatibility of electrospun samples based on collagen hydrolysate extracted from bovine tendons or rabbit skin mixed with chitosan and containing dill and/or lemon balm essential oils as encapsulated bioactive compounds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4923
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111939
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527217-2
    SSG: 15,3
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