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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Investigation of the Functional Decline in Proprioceptors for Low Back Pain Using the Sweep Frequency Method
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 9, No. 23 ( 2019-11-20), p. 4988-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 23 ( 2019-11-20), p. 4988-
    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional decline in proprioceptors in patients with low back pain (LBP) by evaluating the entire range of response frequencies of proprioceptors. In previous studies, the function of proprioceptors was only evaluated by single frequency vibrations. However, because it is assumed that individual differences exist in response frequencies of proprioceptors, we developed a method using vibration with sweep frequency covering the entire range of response frequencies of proprioceptors. The center of pressure was determined in 35 elderly patients with non-specific LBP (NSLBP) and 28 elderly individuals with non-LBP (NLBP) during upright stances on a balance board without vision. Local vibratory stimulations to lower leg or trunk muscles were continuously varied between 27 and 272 Hz over 60 s to evaluate the proprioceptive predominance of a body location using the relative proprioceptive weighting ratio (RPW). Compared with the NLBP group, the NSLBP group exhibited a lower RPW value for the Vater-Pacini corpuscles. Thus, the NSLBP group relied more on the input of Vater-Pacini corpuscles in the trunk. A reduction in lower leg sensitivity at the Vater-Pacini corpuscles in the NSLBP group was observed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app9234988
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biological Responses to Local Vibratory Stimulation for the Lower Legs and Lower Back and Criterion Values Based on Sweep Frequencies of Healthy Individuals: An Observational Study
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 11, No. 16 ( 2023-08-09), p. 2243-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 16 ( 2023-08-09), p. 2243-
    Abstract: Declining proprioceptive function is associated with problems such as lower back pain and falls. Therefore, we developed a vibration device using sweep frequency to evaluate several proprioceptors with different response frequency ranges. This study aimed to elucidate the biological responses of healthy individuals to vibratory stimulation at different sites and frequency ranges and to propose cutoff values to determine the decline in proprioceptive function. Mechanical vibration was separately applied to the lower legs and lower back, and proprioceptive function was evaluated by defining the ratio of the center of pressure (CoP) in the anteroposterior direction during mechanical vibration to that during no vibration in the three frequency ranges. The cut-off value was defined as the mean value, with the standard deviation subtracted for each indicator. The cut-off values were higher in the lower legs than in the lower back at all frequency ranges and in the 30–53 Hz and 56–100 Hz frequency ranges for both the lower legs and lower back. In healthy individuals, 9.9% and 8.6% were below the cut-off values in the 30–53 Hz and 56–100 Hz frequency ranges for the lower legs, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162243
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Relationship Between L4/5 Lumbar Multifidus Cross-Sectional Area Ratio and Fall Risk in Older Adults with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Retrospective Study
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Geriatrics Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 2019-06-21), p. 38-
    Details
    In: Geriatrics, MDPI AG, Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 2019-06-21), p. 38-
    Abstract: Various factors, including spinal deformities and trunk muscle atrophy, greatly affect the fall risk among older adults with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). However, the etiology of falls in older adults with degenerative LSS and trunk muscle atrophy is poorly understood. We investigated the association between trunk muscle atrophy and falls in older LSS patients. This retrospective study included 99 hospitalized older adults with LSS. Participants completed self-reported fall score questionnaires and were divided into the fall risk (n = 30) and non-fall risk (n = 69) groups. The patients’ low back pain visual analog scale score, Geriatric Depression Scale score, sagittal vertical axis, L4/5 lumbar multifidus cross-sectional area ratio (LMCSAR), and center of pressure (COP) values during quiet standing were evaluated. The fall risk group had a lower L4/5 LMCSAR (p = 0.002) and increased COP excursion (p = 0.034) than the non-fall risk group. No significant differences were observed in the other measured variables between the two groups. The L4/5 LMCSAR (p 〈 0.001) and COP (p = 0.024) were related to fall risk and may be useful in fall risk assessment in such populations. Strategies aimed at enhancing controlled lumbar segmental motion and improving trunk muscle stability or mass may decrease the fall risk in this cohort.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2308-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics4020038
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2934571-6
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation Method of Immediate Effect of Local Vibratory Stimulation on Proprioceptive Control Strategy: A Pilot Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Electronics Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2021-02-01), p. 341-
    Details
    In: Electronics, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2021-02-01), p. 341-
    Abstract: Postural instability owing to poor proprioception is considered a main cause of low back pain and falls. However, the effect of local vibratory stimulation on a poor proprioceptor on proprioceptive control strategy has yet to be evaluated. Therefore, in this study, we proposed an evaluation method of the immediate effect on proprioceptive control strategies by applying local vibratory stimulation to the poor proprioceptor. First, using our device, we determined the poor proprioceptors in each of six elderly patients with non-specific low back pain. Furthermore, we applied local vibratory stimulation to the poor proprioceptor. Finally, we compared the proprioceptive control strategy before and after applying local vibratory stimulation. As a result, the proprioceptive control strategy improved for three patients with impaired muscle spindles that responded to a higher frequency (p 〈 0.05). Thus, the impaired proprioceptive control strategy caused by a decline in the muscle spindle responding to a higher frequency might be improved by local vibratory stimulation. Furthermore, it was shown that our developed device and protocol might be used to evaluate proprioceptive control strategies within multiple frequency ranges, as well as activate a poor proprioceptor based on diagnosis and improve the proprioceptive control strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-9292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/electronics10030341
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662127-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Preliminary Clinical Surgical Experience with Temporary Simultaneous Use of an Endoscope during Exoscopic Neurosurgery: An Observational Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2022-03-22), p. 1753-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2022-03-22), p. 1753-
    Abstract: The use of an endoscope in exoscopic transcranial neurosurgery for skull-base lesions has not yet been investigated. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the advantages, disadvantages, and safety of “simultaneous temporary use of an endoscope during exoscopic surgery” (exo-endoscopic surgery (EES)). Consecutive exo-endoscopic surgeries performed by experienced neurosurgeons and assistants were analyzed. Surgical complications and time were compared with previous consecutive microsurgeries performed by the same surgeon. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 16 neurosurgeons with experience in both “temporary simultaneous use of endoscope during microscopic surgery” (micro-endoscopic surgery (MES)) and EES. EES was performed in 18 of 76 exoscopic surgeries, including tumor removal (n = 10), aneurysm clipping (n = 5), and others (n = 3). There were no significant differences in operative time, anesthesia time, or complications from microsurgery by the same operator. According to the questionnaire survey results, compared with MES, EES had a wider field of view due to its lack of an eyepiece, was easier when loading and unloading instruments into and out of the surgical field, and was more suitable for the simultaneous observation of two fields of view. Overall, 79.2% of surgeons indicated that EES may be better suited than MES to simultaneously observe two fields of view.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071753
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Postural Strategy in Elderly, Middle-Aged, and Young People during Local Vibratory Stimulation for Proprioceptive Inputs
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Geriatrics Vol. 3, No. 4 ( 2018-12-19), p. 93-
    Details
    In: Geriatrics, MDPI AG, Vol. 3, No. 4 ( 2018-12-19), p. 93-
    Abstract: Proprioceptive input may greatly affect postural stability. However, the proprioceptive postural strategy in elderly, middle-aged, and young people has not been investigated sufficiently. Hence, in this study, we aimed to investigate differences in proprioceptive postural strategies of elderly, middle-aged, and young people. The center of pressure displacement was determined in 23 elderly, 23 middle-aged, and 23 young people during upright stance on a balance board with their eyes closed. Vibratory stimulations at 30, 60, and 240 Hz were applied to the lumbar multifidus (LM) and gastrocnemius (GS) muscles to evaluate the contributions of different proprioceptive signals used in balance control. Compared with middle-aged and young people, elderly people showed a high dependence on postural control of the GS at 30 Hz (p-values: Young and elderly: 0.033; middle-aged and elderly: 0.001). Moreover, compared with young people, elderly people were more dependent on postural control of the LM at 240 Hz (p = 0.016). There were no significant differences with respect to the GS at 60 and 240 Hz, and with respect to the LM at 30 and 60 Hz between the elderly, young, and middle-aged people. Thus, the postural control strategy of elderly people depends on the GS at 30 Hz.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2308-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics3040093
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2934571-6
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bacterial Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Their Biosynthetic Genes, Functions, and Practical Use
    MDPI AG ; 2016
    In:  Marine Drugs Vol. 14, No. 5 ( 2016-05-12), p. 94-
    Details
    In: Marine Drugs, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 5 ( 2016-05-12), p. 94-
    Abstract: The nutritional and pharmaceutical values of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) such as arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids have been well recognized. These LC-PUFAs are physiologically important compounds in bacteria and eukaryotes. Although little is known about the biosynthetic mechanisms and functions of LC-PUFAs in bacteria compared to those in higher organisms, a combination of genetic, bioinformatic, and molecular biological approaches to LC-PUFA-producing bacteria and some eukaryotes have revealed the notably diverse organization of the pfa genes encoding a polyunsaturated fatty acid synthase complex (PUFA synthase), the LC-PUFA biosynthetic processes, and tertiary structures of the domains of this enzyme. In bacteria, LC-PUFAs appear to take part in specific functions facilitating individual membrane proteins rather than in the adjustment of the physical fluidity of the whole cell membrane. Very long chain polyunsaturated hydrocarbons (LC-HCs) such as hentriacontanonaene are considered to be closely related to LC-PUFAs in their biosynthesis and function. The possible role of LC-HCs in strictly anaerobic bacteria under aerobic and anaerobic environments and the evolutionary relationships of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria carrying pfa-like genes are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/md14050094
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175190-0
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association Between Back Muscle Strength and Proprioception or Mechanoreceptor Control Strategy in Postural Balance in Elderly Adults with Lumbar Spondylosis
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-03-10), p. 58-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-03-10), p. 58-
    Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between back muscle strength and proprioception or mechanoreceptor control strategies used for postural balance in elderly adults with lumbar spondylosis. The displacement of the center of pressure (COP) excursion was determined in 24 elderly adults with lumbar spondylosis and 24 healthy young adults while the participants were standing upright on a balance board with their eyes closed. Vibratory stimulations of 30, 60, and 240 Hz were applied to the gastrocnemius (GS) and lumbar multifidus (LM) muscles to evaluate the effect of different proprioceptive signals on postural control. Back muscle strength was evaluated. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between back muscle strength and significant COP excursion. Compared with young adults, elderly adults with lumbar spondylosis showed an increase in COP excursion displacement when a vibratory stimulation of 240 Hz was applied to the GS (P = 0.002) and LM muscles (P 〈 0.001). LM stimulation at 240 Hz was significantly associated with back muscle strength (P = 0.038). Postural control assessment with 240-Hz mechanoreceptor stimulation of the trunk could be a good indicator of postural instability due to over-dependence on mechanoreceptors and back muscle weakness in elderly adults with lumbar spondylosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8010058
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Postural Sway in Older Patients with Sagittal Imbalance and Young Adults during Local Vibratory Proprioceptive Stimulation
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 9, No. 2 ( 2021-02-15), p. 210-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 2 ( 2021-02-15), p. 210-
    Abstract: This study aimed to assess differences in somatosensory control strategies between older patients with sagittal imbalance and young adults during postural tasks. The center of pressure displacement in 27 older patients with sagittal imbalance and 27 young adults was determined upon standing blindfolded on a balance board. Vibratory stimulation at 56 to 100 Hz was applied bilaterally to the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles (GS) and lumbar multifidus to evaluate the contributions of proprioceptive signals to postural control. Data of older patients and young adults were compared using the Mann–Whitney U-test or independent sample t-tests. Compared with the young adults, the older patients were significantly more reliant on the GS (p 〈 0.005) for their postural control and showed a higher relative proprioceptive weighting ratio (RPW) (p = 0.038). The postural strategy adopted by the older patients depended on the level of proprioceptive stimulation applied to the GS, and the postural control strategy of the ankle correlated with RPW. Overall, this study identifies RPW as a novel measure of postural strategy in older patients with sagittal imbalance and provides an understanding of strategies used to maintain balance, which may assist in developing preventative measures to reduce the risk of falls.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9020210
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association between Trunk Muscle Strength and Fall Risk in Older Men and Women with Lumbar Spondylosis
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2021-04-29), p. 521-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2021-04-29), p. 521-
    Abstract: Various factors significantly affect the risk of falls among older adults with lumbar spondylosis. However, the relationship between falls and trunk muscle strength in older men is poorly explored. Thus, we aimed to investigate the relationship between back muscle strength and fall risk in older men and women with lumbar spondylosis. Based on self-reported fall scores, 39 outpatients were classified into two groups. Back and abdominal muscle strength, among other data, were compared between the two groups. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between fall scores and selected variables. Back (r = −0.491, p = 0.002) and abdominal muscle strength (r = −0.415, p = 0.009) were related to the fall score. Furthermore, back and abdominal muscle strength were related to the fall score in women with a high risk of falls, whereas back muscle strength, erector spinae, and lumbar multifidus cross-sectional areas, and visual analog scale were related to the fall score in men with a high risk of falling. Back muscle strength and fall scores may be useful to assess the risk of falls in older patients with lumbar spondylosis. However, evaluating this relationship may require separate sex-specific analyses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9050521
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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