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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    L-Ascorbic Acid 2-Phosphate Attenuates Methylmercury-Induced Apoptosis by Inhibiting Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation and DNA Damage in Human SH-SY5Y Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Toxics Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2023-02-02), p. 144-
    Details
    In: Toxics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2023-02-02), p. 144-
    Abstract: Methylmercury (MeHg) is a toxin that causes severe neuronal oxidative damage. As vitamin C is an antioxidant well-known to protect neurons from oxidative damage, our goal was to elucidate its protective mechanism against MeHg-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastomas (SHSY5Y). We treated cells with MeHg, L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AA2P), or both, and used MTT, flow cytometry, and Western blot analyses to assess cell damage. We found that MeHg significantly decreased the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, increased apoptosis, downregulated PAR and PARP1 expression, and upregulated AIF, Cyto C, and cleaved Caspase-3 expression. A time course study showed that MeHg increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation; enhanced apoptosis; increased DNA damage; upregulated expression ofγH2A.X, KU70, 67 and 57 kDa AIF, CytoC, and cleaved Caspase-3; and downregulated expression of 116 kDa PARP1, PAR, BRAC1, and Rad51. Supplementation with AA2P significantly increased cell viability and decreased intrinsic ROS accumulation. It also reduced ROS accumulation in cells treated with MeHg and decreased MeHg-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, AA2P conversely regulated gene expression compared to MeHg. Collectively, we demonstrate that AA2P attenuates MeHg-induced apoptosis by alleviating ROS-mediated DNA damage and is a potential treatment for MeHg neurotoxicity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2305-6304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020144
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2733883-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Untargeted Metabolomic Characterization of Ovarian Tumors
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Cancers Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2020-12-04), p. 3642-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2020-12-04), p. 3642-
    Abstract: Diagnosis of ovarian cancer is difficult due to the lack of clinical symptoms and effective screening algorithms. In this study, we aim to develop models for ovarian cancer diagnosis by detecting metabolites in urine and plasma samples. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) in positive ion mode was used for metabolome quantification in 235 urine samples and 331 plasma samples. Then, Urine and plasma metabolomic profiles were analyzed by univariate and multivariate statistics. Four groups of samples: normal control, benign, borderline and malignant ovarian tumors were enrolled in this study. A total of 1330 features and 1302 features were detected from urine and plasma samples respectively. Based on two urine putative metabolites, five plasma putative metabolites and five urine putative metabolites, three models for distinguishing normal-ovarian tumors, benign-malignant (borderline + malignant) and borderline-malignant ovarian tumors were developed respectively. The AUC (Area Under Curve) values were 0.987, 0876 and 0.943 in discovery set and 0.984, 0.896 and 0.836 in validation set for three models. Specially, the diagnostic model based on 5 plasma putative metabolites had better early-stage diagnosis performance than CA125 alone. The AUC values of the model were 0.847 and 0.988 in discovery and validation set respectively. Our results showed that normal and ovarian tumors have unique metabolic signature in urine and plasma samples, which shed light on the ovarian cancer diagnosis and classification.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123642
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genome Sequencing Provides Novel Insights into Mudflat Burrowing Adaptations in Eel Goby Taenioides sp. (Teleost: Amblyopinae)
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 16 ( 2023-08-17), p. 12892-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 16 ( 2023-08-17), p. 12892-
    Abstract: Amblyopinae is one of the lineage of bony fish that preserves amphibious traits living in tidal mudflat habitats. In contrast to other active amphibious fish, Amblyopinae species adopt a seemly more passive lifestyle by living in deep burrows of mudflat to circumvent the typical negative effects associated with terrestriality. However, little is known about the genetic origin of these mudflat deep-burrowing adaptations in Amblyopinae. Here we sequenced the first genome of Amblyopinae species, Taenioides sp., to elucidate their mudflat deep-burrowing adaptations. Our results revealed an assembled genome size of 774.06 Mb with 23 pseudochromosomes anchored, which predicted 22,399 protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that Taenioides sp. diverged from the active amphibious fish of mudskipper approximately 28.3 Ma ago. In addition, 185 and 977 putative gene families were identified to be under expansion, contraction and 172 genes were undergone positive selection in Taenioides sp., respectively. Enrichment categories of top candidate genes under significant expansion and selection were mainly associated with hematopoiesis or angiogenesis, DNA repairs and the immune response, possibly suggesting their involvement in the adaptation to the hypoxia and diverse pathogens typically observed in mudflat burrowing environments. Some carbohydrate/lipid metabolism, and insulin signaling genes were also remarkably alterated, illustrating physiological remolding associated with nutrient-limited subterranean environments. Interestingly, several genes related to visual perception (e.g., crystallins) have undergone apparent gene losses, pointing to their role in the small vestigial eyes development in Taenioides sp. Our work provide valuable resources for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying mudflat deep-burrowing adaptations in Amblyopinae, as well as in other tidal burrowing teleosts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612892
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Metagenomic and Untargeted Metabolomic Analysis of the Effect of Sporisorium reilianum Polysaccharide on Improving Obesity
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Foods Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2023-04-07), p. 1578-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2023-04-07), p. 1578-
    Abstract: Gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathophysiology of obesity. Fungal polysaccharide can improve obesity, but the potential mechanism needs further study. This experiment studied the potential mechanism of polysaccharides from Sporisorium reilianum (SRP) to improve obesity in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) using metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics. After 8 weeks of SRP (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day) intervention, we analyzed the related index of obesity, gut microbiota, and untargeted metabolomics of rats. The obesity and serum lipid levels of rats treated with SRP were reduced, and lipid accumulation in the liver and adipocyte hypertrophy was improved, especially in rats treated with a high dose of SRP. SRP improved the composition and function of gut microbiota in rats fed with a high-fat diet, and decreased the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides at the phylum level. At the genus level, the abundance of Lactobacillus increased and that of Bacteroides decreased. At the species level, the abundance of Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus helveticus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus increased, while the abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri and Staphylococcus xylosus decreased. The function of gut microbiota mainly regulated lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. The untargeted metabolomics indicated that 36 metabolites were related to the anti-obesity effect of SRP. Furthermore, linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, and the phenylalanine metabolism pathway played a role in improving obesity in those treated with SRP. The study results suggest that SRP significantly alleviated obesity via gut-microbiota-related metabolic pathways, and SRP could be used for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods12081578
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704223-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Susceptibility Assessment of Flash Floods: A Bibliometrics Analysis and Review
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 14, No. 21 ( 2022-10-28), p. 5432-
    Details
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 21 ( 2022-10-28), p. 5432-
    Abstract: A flash flood disaster is one of the most destructive natural disasters. With the increase in extreme rainfall events, more and more areas will be threatened by flash floods. The flash flood susceptibility assessment is the basis of flash flood risk assessment and is also an important step in flash flood disaster management. Based on Citespace analysis tools, this study made a bibliometric and visualized analysis of 305 documents collected in the core collection of Web of Science in the past 15 years, including the analysis of the number of publications and citation frequency, influence analysis, keyword analysis, author co-citation analysis, and institutional co-operation analysis. This paper summarizes the current research status and future development trend of flash flood susceptibility assessment from five key research subfields, including assessment scale, assessment unit, assessment index, assessment model, and model assessment method, discusses the analysis of the application of remote sensing and GIS in flash flood susceptibility assessment, discusses the problems encountered in the current research of the five subfields, and provides suggestions for flash flood hazard control.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/rs14215432
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pollution Characteristics and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Street Dust from a Typical Industrial Zone in Wuhan City, Central China
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 17 ( 2022-09-02), p. 10970-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 17 ( 2022-09-02), p. 10970-
    Abstract: This study aimed to assess the pollution levels, sources, and human health risks of heavy metals in street dust from a typical industrial district in Wuhan City, Central China. In total, 47 street dust samples were collected from the major traffic arteries and streets around Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Company (WISC) in Qingshan District, Wuhan. The concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, Fe, Cu, and Cd) in street dust were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results indicated that the mean concentrations of Zn (249.71 mg/kg), Cu (51.15 mg/kg), and Cd (0.86 mg/kg) in street dust were higher than their corresponding soil background values in Hubei Province. Heavy metal enrichment is closely related to urban transportation and industrial production. The pollution level of heavy metals in street dust was assessed using the geo-accumulation method (Igeo) and potential ecological risk assessment (PERI). Based on the Igeo value, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni showed no pollution, Zn and Cu showed light to moderate contamination, and Cd showed moderate contamination. The PERI values of heavy metals in street dust ranged between 76.70 and 7027.28, which represents a medium to high potential ecological risk. Principal component analysis showed that the sources of heavy metals in street dust were mainly influenced by anthropogenic activities. Among the studied metals, Cu, Cr, Zn, Fe, and Mn mainly come from industrial processes, while Ni and Cd come from traffic exhaust. The non-carcinogenic risk indexes of heavy metals for children and adults are ranked as Cr 〉 Cu 〉 Ni 〉 Cd 〉 Zn. The health risks to children through the different exposure pathways are higher than those for adults. Hand-to-mouth intake is the riskiest exposure pathway for non-carcinogenic risk. In addition, Cr, Ni, and Cd do not pose a carcinogenic risk for the residents.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710970
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research on Image Identification Method of Rock Thin Slices in Tight Oil Reservoirs Based on Mask R-CNN
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Energies Vol. 15, No. 16 ( 2022-08-10), p. 5818-
    Details
    In: Energies, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 16 ( 2022-08-10), p. 5818-
    Abstract: Terrestrial tight oil has extremely strong diagenesis heterogeneity, so a large number of rock thin slices are needed to reveal the real microscopic pore-throat structure characteristics. In addition, difficult identification, high cost, long time, strong subjectivity and other problems exist in the identification of tight oil rock thin slices, and it is difficult to meet the needs of fine description and quantitative characterization of the reservoir. In this paper, a method for identifying the characteristics of rock thin slices in tight oil reservoirs based on the deep learning technique was proposed. The present work has the following steps: first, the image preprocessing technique was studied. The original image noise was removed by filtering, and the image pixel size was unified by a normalization technique to ensure the quality of samples; second, the self-labeling image data augmentation technique was constructed to solve the problem of sparse samples; third, the Mask R-CNN algorithm was introduced and improved to synchronize the segmentation and recognition of rock thin slice components in tight oil reservoirs; Finally, it was demonstrated through experiments that the SMR method has significant advantages in accuracy, execution speed and migration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1073
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/en15165818
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2437446-5
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Application of Transcriptome Analysis to Understand the Adverse Effects of Hypotonic Stress on Different Development Stages in the Giant Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii Post-Larvae
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Antioxidants Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2022-02-22), p. 440-
    Details
    In: Antioxidants, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2022-02-22), p. 440-
    Abstract: Salinity is one of the important environmental factors affecting survival and growth of aquatic animals. However, the impact of low-salinity stress on M. rosenbergii post-larvae at different development stages remains elusive. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the underlying mechanisms of hypotonic stress at different development stages of M. rosenbergii post-larvae through transcriptome analysis and antioxidant parameters detection. The salinity of the control group was 15 psu (S15) and the hypotonic stress group was 6 psu (S6). Samples were collected at 7 days-post-hatch (dph), 14 dph and 21 dph larvae. The results showed that hypotonic stress caused oxidative damage in post-larvae evidenced by decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px); superoxide dismutase (SOD); anti-superoxide anion free radical (ASAFR); and increased malondialdehyde (MDA); nitric oxide (NO); and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels. Transcriptome analysis showed that there were 1428, 1187, 132 DEGs including 301, 366, 4 up-regulated genes and 1127, 821, 128 down-regulated genes at 7 dph, 14 dph and 21 dph larvae under hypotonic stress, respectively. Furthermore, GO and KEGG enrichment indicated that hypotonic stress led to dysregulation of immune signals including lysosome and autophagy in the 7 dph larvae. The autophagy-related genes including beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator (Barkor); ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 (ATG7); Beclin; autophagy-related protein 13 (ATG13); nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 (Nrbf2); ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 (ATG3); vacuole membrane protein 1 (VMP1); and autophagy-related protein 2 (ATG2) decreased at 7 dph, and 14 dph larvae, and then increased at 21 dph larvae under hypotonic stress. In the 14 dph and 21 dph larvae, the renin-angiotensin system was activated. In conclusion, our data indicated that hypotonic stress reduced the antioxidant capacity and impaired the immune system in post-larvae, but as development progresses, the adaptability of post-larvae to hypotonic stress gradually increased, and might reach a new homeostasis through the RAS signaling pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3921
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030440
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704216-9
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Protective Effect of MicroRNA-320 on Left Ventricular Remodeling after Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Rat Model
    MDPI AG ; 2014
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 15, No. 10 ( 2014-09-29), p. 17442-17456
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 10 ( 2014-09-29), p. 17442-17456
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms151017442
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Comprehensive Review on the Benefits and Problems of Curcumin with Respect to Human Health
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Molecules Vol. 27, No. 14 ( 2022-07-08), p. 4400-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 27, No. 14 ( 2022-07-08), p. 4400-
    Abstract: Curcumin is the most important active component in turmeric extracts. Curcumin, a natural monomer from plants has received a considerable attention as a dietary supplement, exhibiting evident activity in a wide range of human pathological conditions. In general, curcumin is beneficial to human health, demonstrating pharmacological activities of anti-inflammation and antioxidation, as well as antitumor and immune regulation activities. Curcumin also presents therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In this review article, we summarize the advancements made in recent years with respect to curcumin as a biologically active agent in malignant tumors, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), hematological diseases and viral infectious diseases. We also focus on problems associated with curcumin from basic research to clinical translation, such as its low solubility, leading to poor bioavailability, as well as the controversy surrounding the association between curcumin purity and effect. Through a review and summary of the clinical research on curcumin and case reports of adverse effects, we found that the clinical transformation of curcumin is not successful, and excessive intake of curcumin may have adverse effects on the kidneys, heart, liver, blood and immune system, which leads us to warn that curcumin has a long way to go from basic research to application transformation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144400
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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