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  • MDPI AG  (25)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Carbides Evolution and Tensile Property of 4Cr5MoSiV1 Die Steel with Rare Earth Addition
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Metals Vol. 7, No. 10 ( 2017-10-18), p. 436-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 10 ( 2017-10-18), p. 436-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met7100436
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 2
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    Electric Resistance of Elastic Strain Sensors—Fundamental Mechanisms and Experimental Validation
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2023-06-06), p. 1813-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2023-06-06), p. 1813-
    Abstract: Elastic strain sensor nanocomposites are emerging materials of high scientific and commercial interest. This study analyzes the major factors influencing the electrical behavior of elastic strain sensor nanocomposites. The sensor mechanisms were described for nanocomposites with conductive nanofillers, either dispersed inside the polymer matrix or coated onto the polymer surface. The purely geometrical contributions to the change in resistance were also assessed. The theoretical predictions indicated that maximum Gauge values are achieved for mixture composites with filler fractions slightly above the electrical percolation threshold, especially for nanocomposites with a very rapid conductivity increase around the threshold. PDMS/CB and PDMS/CNT mixture nanocomposites with 0–5.5 vol.% fillers were therefore manufactured and analyzed with resistivity measurements. In agreement with the predictions, the PDMS/CB with 2.0 vol.% CB gave very high Gauge values of around 20,000. The findings in this study will thus facilitate the development of highly optimized conductive polymer composites for strain sensor applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano13121813
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 3
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    Engineering 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid Production from Glucose in Yarrowia lipolytica through Malonyl-CoA Pathway
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Fungi Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2023-05-15), p. 573-
    Details
    In: Journal of Fungi, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2023-05-15), p. 573-
    Abstract: 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is an important intermediate compound in the chemical industry. Green and environmentally friendly microbial synthesis methods are becoming increasingly popular in a range of industries. Compared to other chassis cells, Yarrowia lipolytica possesses advantages, such as high tolerance to organic acid and a sufficient precursor required to synthesize 3-HP. In this study, gene manipulations, including the overexpression of genes MCR-NCa, MCR-CCa, GAPNSm, ACC1 and ACSSeL641P and knocking out bypass genes MLS1 and CIT2, leading to the glyoxylate cycle, were performed to construct a recombinant strain. Based on this, the degradation pathway of 3-HP in Y. lipolytica was discovered, and relevant genes MMSDH and HPDH were knocked out. To our knowledge, this study is the first to produce 3-HP in Y. lipolytica. The yield of 3-HP in recombinant strain Po1f-NC-14 in shake flask fermentation reached 1.128 g·L−1, and the yield in fed-batch fermentation reached 16.23 g·L−1. These results are highly competitive compared to other yeast chassis cells. This study creates the foundation for the production of 3-HP in Y. lipolytica and also provides a reference for further research in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2309-608X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jof9050573
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2784229-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Relationship between the Composition and Elastic Modulus of TiZrTa Alloys for Implant Materials
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Metals Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2022-09-23), p. 1582-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2022-09-23), p. 1582-
    Abstract: The elastic modulus is a key factor influencing the applications of implant materials because of the weakening effect of stress shielding. Ti and its alloys are good potential implant materials thanks to their low elastic modulus and fine biocompatibility. The addition of alloying elements into pure Ti and Ti alloys is the basic way to further decrease the elastic modulus whilst simultaneously enhancing strength, wearability, and corrosion resistance, for example. Finding the relationship between the composition and elastic modulus can greatly promote the development of Ti alloys with a low modulus for implant applications. In the current work, we investigated the elastic modulus of TiZrTa alloys with scores of compositions by using the high-throughput diffusion couple method, nanoindentation, and an electron probe micro-analysis. The relationship between the elastic modulus and the composition of the TiZrTa alloys was obtained. The average valence electron theory was employed to make clear the variation between the elastic modulus and the composition. Finally, the composition range formulae of TiZrTa alloys likely to have a low modulus were established by combining our data and previous results. These findings are helpful in developing new Ti alloys with a low modulus and also help to further understand the alloying theory.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met12101582
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 5
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    Mixed-Lineage Leukemia 1 Inhibition Enhances the Differentiation Potential of Bovine Embryonic Stem Cells by Increasing H3K4 Mono-Methylation at Active Promoters
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 15 ( 2023-07-25), p. 11901-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 15 ( 2023-07-25), p. 11901-
    Abstract: Mixed-lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) introduces 1-, 2- and 3-methylation into histone H3K4 through the evolutionarily conserved set domain. In this study, bovine embryonic stem cells (bESCs, known as bESCs-F7) were established from in vitro-fertilized (IVF) embryos via Wnt signaling inhibition; however, their contribution to the endoderm in vivo is limited. To improve the quality of bESCs, MM-102, an inhibitor of MLL1, was applied to the culture. The results showed that MLL1 inhibition along with GSK3 and MAP2K inhibition (3i) at the embryonic stage did not affect bESCs’ establishment and pluripotency. MLL1 inhibition improved the pluripotency and differentiation potential of bESCs via the up-regulation of stem cell signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt and WNT. MLL1 inhibition decreased H3K4me1 modification at the promoters and altered the distribution of DNA methylation in bESCs. In summary, MLL1 inhibition gives bESCs better pluripotency, and its application may provide high-quality pluripotent stem cells for domestic animals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511901
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
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    Volatile Dimethyl Disulfide from Guava Plants Regulate Developmental Performance of Asian Citrus Psyllid through Activation of Defense Responses in Neighboring Orange Plants
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 18 ( 2022-09-07), p. 10271-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 18 ( 2022-09-07), p. 10271-
    Abstract: Intercropping with guava (Psidium guajava L.) can assist with the management of Asian citrus psyllid (ACP, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama), the insect vector of the huanglongbing pathogen, in citrus orchards. Sulfur volatiles have a repellent activity and physiological effects, as well as being important components of guava volatiles. In this study, we tested whether the sulfur volatiles emitted by guava plants play a role in plant–plant communications and trigger anti-herbivore activities against ACP in sweet orange plants (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck). Real-time determination using a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) showed that guava plants continuously release methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), and the contents increased rapidly after mechanical damage. The exposure of orange plants to DMDS resulted in the suppression of the developmental performance of ACP. The differential elevation of salicylic acid (SA) levels; the expression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), salicylate-O-methyl transferase (SMT), and pathogenesis-related (PR1) genes; the activities of defense-related enzymes PAL, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD); and the total polyphenol content were observed in DMDS-exposed orange plants. The emission of volatiles including myrcene, nonanal, decanal, and methyl salicylate (MeSA) was increased. In addition, phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, and aromatic amino acid (such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan) metabolic pathways were induced. Altogether, our results indicated that DMDS from guava plants can activate defense responses in eavesdropping orange plants and boost their herbivore resistance to ACP, which suggests the possibility of using DMDS as a novel approach for the management of ACP in citrus orchards.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810271
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Density and Total Weight on Flow Depth, Velocity, and Stresses in Loess Debris Flows
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Water Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2018-12-05), p. 1784-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2018-12-05), p. 1784-
    Abstract: Debris flows that involve loess material produce important damage around the world. However, the kinematics of such processes are poorly understood. To better understand these kinematics, we used a flume to measure the kinematics of debris flows with different mixture densities and weights. We used sensors to measure pore fluid pressure and total normal stress. We measured flow patterns, velocities, and depths using a high-speed camera and laser range finder to identify the temporal evolution of the flow behavior and the corresponding peaks. We constructed fitting functions for the relationships between the maximum values of the experimental parameters. The hydrographs of the debris flows could be divided into four phases: increase to a first minor peak, a subsequent smooth increase to a second peak, fluctuation until a third major peak, and a final continuous decrease. The flow depth, velocity, total normal stress, and pore fluid pressure were strongly related to the mixture density and total mixture weight. We defined the corresponding relationships between the flow parameters and mixture kinematics. Linear and exponential relationships described the maximum flow depth and the mixture weight and density, respectively. The flow velocity was linearly related to the weight and density. The pore fluid pressure and total normal stress were linearly related to the weight, but logarithmically related to the density. The regression goodness of fit for all functions was 〉 0.93. Therefore, these functions are accurate and could be used to predict the consequences of loess debris flows. Our results provide an improved understanding of the effects of mixture density and weight on the kinematics of debris flows in loess areas, and can help landscape managers prevent and design improved engineering solutions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w10121784
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 8
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    An Assessment of the Impact of Spatial Agglomeration on the Quality of China’s Wood Processing Industry Products
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 11, No. 14 ( 2019-07-21), p. 3961-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 14 ( 2019-07-21), p. 3961-
    Abstract: The influence of industrial agglomeration on corporate export behavior has been widely studied by both industry and academia. However, few studies have explored the impact of the spatial agglomeration of China’s wood processing industry on the quality of its products at the micro level. In this study, we analyzed data from the China Customs Database to determine the quality of wood processing industry products at the enterprise level. Then, we matched the China Customs Database with the data in the China Industrial Enterprise Database. Based on this, we analyzed the impact of the spatial agglomeration on the quality of wood products using panel data regression. According to our results, spatial agglomeration of the wood processing industry can significantly improve product quality. Also, private enterprises are more likely to benefit from the advantages conferred by agglomeration than state-owned enterprises. Moreover, trade method does not significantly modulate the effect of spatial agglomeration on the quality of wood products. Last but not least, the agglomeration has the most significantly positive impact on the quality of products produced by the wood chip processing industry, followed by the wood products industry and the wood panel industry. Agglomeration of the bamboo and rattan palm industry actually decreases product quality. Therefore, we encourage agglomeration of timber processing enterprises, especially privately owned wood chip, wood product, and wood panel enterprises, to fully realize the benefits of the agglomeration economy. We also make policy recommendations to improve wood product quality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su11143961
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 9
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    Protective Effects of Nuciferine in Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rats Based on Transcriptomics
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Brain Sciences Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2022-04-28), p. 572-
    Details
    In: Brain Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2022-04-28), p. 572-
    Abstract: Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), with the characteristics of high morbidity, high recurrence rate, high mortality, and disability rate, is a typical manifestation of ischemic stroke and has become a hot research topic in the clinical field. The protective effects of nuciferine on brain injury MCAO rats were investigated and its mechanisms of actions were revealed. The MCAO rats were established by the suture method. The pathological staining of the rat brain was processed and observed, the pharmacodynamics assay of nuciferine were studied, and the gene expression regulation by nuciferine was detected by transcriptome technology. The results showed that nuciferine significantly alleviated brain damage in MCAO rats, and the transcriptomic results suggested that nuciferine could exert therapeutic effects through the regulation of lipid metabolism, including arachidonic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, the PPAR signaling pathway and other related pathways. This finding provided new perspectives on the treatment of MCAO with nuciferine and facilitates the development of novel drugs for this disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050572
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651993-8
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  • 10
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    Welding and Riveting Hybrid Bonding of 6061 Al and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Polymers Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2021-12-28), p. 99-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2021-12-28), p. 99-
    Abstract: Welding and riveting hybrid bonding technology was applied to join 6061 aluminum alloy and carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP). The laser-arc hybrid welding process and stepped rivets were used in the experiments to reduce the impact of the poor heat resistance of composites. The effect of hybrid welding arc current on the formation and mechanical properties of 6061 Al/CFRP joints was studied. Tensile shear load up to 4.65 kN was achieved by adjusting process parameters. The welding process and mode of the fracture were analyzed. The hybrid bonded joint obtained consisted of two parts: a welded joint of Al plate and Al rivet, and a bonded interface between Al plate and CFRP plate. The mechanical properties of the hybrid joint were mainly determined by the Al plate/Al rivet welded joint. The results of the study show that there are three interfacial bonding mechanisms between aluminum and CFRP. In addition to mechanical bonding between the Al plate and CFRP plate, there were also metallurgical bonding of Al-Mg intermetallic compounds with resin matrix and chemical reactions of aluminum with resin and carbon fibers at the interface, which could improve the mechanical properties of the joints.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym14010099
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527146-5
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