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  • MDPI AG  (85)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Review of Graphene-Based Materials/Polymer Composite Aerogels
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Polymers Vol. 15, No. 8 ( 2023-04-14), p. 1888-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 8 ( 2023-04-14), p. 1888-
    Abstract: The fabrication of composite materials is an effective way to improve the performance of a single material and expand its application range. In recent years, graphene-based materials/polymer composite aerogels have become a hot research field for preparing high-performance composites due to their special synergistic effects in mechanical and functional properties. In this paper, the preparation methods, structures, interactions, properties, and applications of graphene-based materials/polymer composite aerogels are discussed, and their development trend is projected. This paper aims to arouse extensive research interests in multidisciplinary fields and provide guidance for the rational design of advanced aerogel materials, which could then encourage efforts to use these new kinds of advanced materials in basic research and commercial applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym15081888
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527146-5
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  • 2
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    Efficacy and Safety of Houttuynia Eye Drops Atomization Treatment for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction-Related Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2020-12-12), p. 4022-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2020-12-12), p. 4022-
    Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Houttuynia eye drops (a Chinese traditional medicine) atomization treatment in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)-related dry eye disease (DED) patients. Methods: A total of 240 eligible patients diagnosed with MGD-related DED were assigned either Houttuynia eye drops or placebo for atomization once daily for four weeks in a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. Primary outcome evaluations used included eye symptom score (using the Chinese Dry Eye Questionnaire), meibum quality, and tear break-up time (TBUT), while safety evaluations included adverse events (AEs), visual acuity, and intraocular pressure monitoring. Indicators were measured at baseline as well as one week, two weeks, and four weeks after treatment. Results: Primary outcome measures of the Houttuynia group were improved compared with their placebo counterparts following four-week treatment. Eye symptom scores were significantly reduced relative to the baseline in the Houttuynia group (mean ± standard error of the mean, 9.00 ± 0.61) compared with the placebo group (6.29 ± 0.55; p = 0.0018). Reduction in meibum quality score in the Houttuynia group (0.91 ± 0.10) was also significantly higher compared with the placebo group (0.57 ± 0.10; p = 0.0091), while TBUT in the treatment group (6.30 ± 0.22) was also longer than in the latter (5.60 ± 0.24; p = 0.0192). No medication-related adverse events were observed. Conclusions: Atomization treatment with Houttuynia eye drops is both clinically and statistically effective for the treatment of mild to moderate MGD-related DED patients. This approach is generally safe and was tolerated well by patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124022
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 3
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    The Impact of Parental Remote Migration and Parent-Child Relation Types on the Psychological Resilience of Rural Left-Behind Children in China
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 17, No. 15 ( 2020-07-27), p. 5388-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 15 ( 2020-07-27), p. 5388-
    Abstract: Using survey data of middle school students from Ye county in Henan province and Chenggu and Ningqiang county in Shaanxi province, China, adopting latent class analysis and hierarchical linear regression, this study analyzes the impact of parental remote migration and parent-child relation types on the psychological resilience of rural left-behind children. The results show that: Only mother’s remote migration has a significantly negative impact on the psychological resilience of rural left-behind children, the time of parental first migration, the distance of father’s migration, and children’s migration have no significant impacts; parent-child relation of “alienation connection and weak function” or parent-child relation combination of “parental alienation connection and weak function” is the most unfavorable factor for the psychological resilience of rural left-behind children, while father-child relation of “close connection but lacking function”, mother-child relation of “intimate connection and strong function”, and combination of “paternal close connection but lacking function - maternal intimate connection and strong function” are the most favorable factors. There is gender difference in the impact of father-child relation types and mother-child relation types, the impact of father-child relation types is stronger than that of mother-child relation types; harmonious parental relation, supportive friends, caring teachers, and moderate home-school interaction are favorable for the psychological resilience of rural left-behind children.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155388
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 4
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    Task-Level Energy Efficiency Evaluation Method Based on Aero-Engine Thrust-Specific Fuel Consumption with Application to Environment Control System
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Machines Vol. 10, No. 8 ( 2022-08-03), p. 643-
    Details
    In: Machines, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 8 ( 2022-08-03), p. 643-
    Abstract: There has recently been a considerable and dramatic change in the system design of some future aircraft. The use of electrical energy has led to a demand for rapid technology development in the environment control system (ECS). Extracting energy from the aero-engine in the form of compressed air and electric power to drive the ECS directly affects aero-engine fuel economy. There is an urgent demand for a task-level energy efficiency evaluation method to guide energy and heat sink scheduling. This paper takes the F22 Raptor fighter jet as the research object and analyzes the influence of bleed air and electric power on the thrust and thrust-specific fuel consumption (TSFC) based on the exergy analysis method. First, a two-step TSFC surrogate model is constructed, and a task-level energy efficiency evaluation method is proposed. The error of the TSFC surrogate model is less than 5%, which means the accuracy of the model is sufficient to meet the needs of engineering. Then, the task-level energy efficiency evaluation results show that the vapor cycle has significant fuel economy when the cooling capacity is large, while the air cycle has certain advantages with a small cooling capacity. The method of TSFC surrogate model reduces computational complexity of evaluation with enough accuracy, which can provide a reference for selecting ECS type and guide the optimization of the cooling capacity distribution of the air cycle and vapor cycle.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1702
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/machines10080643
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704328-9
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  • 5
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    Bioactive Cembranoids from the South China Sea Soft Coral Sarcophyton elegans
    MDPI AG ; 2015
    In:  Molecules Vol. 20, No. 7 ( 2015-07-22), p. 13324-13335
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 7 ( 2015-07-22), p. 13324-13335
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules200713324
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 6
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    Long-term Tillage Alters Soil Properties and Rhizosphere Bacterial Community in Lime Concretion Black Soil under Winter Wheat–Summer Maize Double-Cropping System
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Agronomy Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2023-03-09), p. 790-
    Details
    In: Agronomy, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2023-03-09), p. 790-
    Abstract: Tillage practices can directly affect soil quality, influencing soil properties, crop growth, and soil microbial community characteristics. However, the influence of long-term tillage practices on the rhizosphere bacterial community in lime concretion black soil remains largely unknown. In this study, the effects of nine-year rotary tillage (RT), no-tillage (NT), subsoiling tillage (ST), and plow tillage (PT) on soil chemical properties, microbial community structure, and correlations between bacterial communities and soil properties in the maize rhizosphere were investigated. The results revealed that the maize yield in ST and PT was higher by 10.61% and 10.26% than that in RT and by 10.25% and 9.90% than that in NT, respectively. The soil organic matter (SOM) and total nitrogen (TN) contents in NT and ST were significantly higher than those in RT and PT, whereas the available phosphorus (AP) content in ST and PT was significantly higher than that in NT and RT. The diversity and richness of the soil bacterial communities exhibited a trend of NT 〉 RT 〉 PT 〉 ST. The principal component analysis revealed that the soil bacterial community differed among treatments. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis demonstrated that Proteobacteria, Armatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Chloroflexi could serve as crucial biomarkers. Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) results revealed that genes involved in carbon, lipid, and xenobiotic metabolism were enriched under ST and PT, whereas those involved in nitrogen and carbon fixation were enriched under NT. Besides, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Armatimonadetes were positively associated with AP levels and negatively associated with pH; however, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Planctomycetes exhibited an opposite trend. Overall, ST and PT improved the soil properties and environmental suitability by increasing the bacterial keystone taxa; thus, these practices improved crop yield. These findings could enhance our understanding of the rhizosphere functional microbial community in lime concretion black soil for winter wheat–summer maize double-cropping system.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agronomy13030790
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2607043-1
    SSG: 23
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  • 7
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    The Relationship between Air Pollution and Depression in China: Is Neighbourhood Social Capital Protective?
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 15, No. 6 ( 2018-06-02), p. 1160-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 6 ( 2018-06-02), p. 1160-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061160
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
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    Effects of Aphid Density and Plant Taxa on Predatory Ladybeetle Abundance at Field and Landscape Scales
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Insects Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2020-10-13), p. 695-
    Details
    In: Insects, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2020-10-13), p. 695-
    Abstract: In agroecosystems, predatory ladybeetles play an important role in restraining aphid population growth and suppressing aphid populations. They can adapt to various habitats and make use of various aphid species associated with multiple host plants during their life cycle. Agricultural landscapes in China are composed of a mosaic of small fields with a diverse range of crops, and how ladybeetles make use of host plant diversity in such landscapes has rarely been documented. In this study, we examined the relationship between aphid densities and ladybeetle densities in two different settings: (i) on the majority of plant species (including crops, trees, and weeds) at a local field scale in 2013 and 2014, and (ii) in paired cotton and maize crop fields at a regional landscape scale in 2013. Overall, we found that aphid abundance determined predatory ladybeetle abundance at both the local field and landscape scales, and there was a positive correlation between aphid densities and ladybeetle densities. However, plant taxa had no significant influence on the predatory ladybeetle abundance at the local field scale. In addition, the effect of aphids on ladybeetles abundance was influenced by the crop type and growing season at the regional landscape scale. There was a significant positive correlation between aphids and ladybeetles populations on cotton only in July and August, whereas the correlation was significant for maize throughout the whole growing season. We also conducted an analysis of the stable carbon isotope ratios of the adult ladybeetles caught in cotton and maize fields (C3 and C4 crops, respectively) in a regional landscape-scale survey in 2013. The δ13Cvalue indicated that most prey aphids for ladybeetles originated from crops where aphids are abundant (cotton in June and July; both maize and cotton in August).These findings improved our understanding of the migration and dispersal of ladybeetles among different habitats and plant species and provided insight into the promotion of the regional conservation and pest control of natural enemies in northern China.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4450
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/insects11100695
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662247-6
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  • 9
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    Hydrogen Gas Improves the Postharvest Quality of Lanzhou Lily (Lilium davidii var. unicolor) Bulbs
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Plants Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2023-02-19), p. 946-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2023-02-19), p. 946-
    Abstract: Hydrogen gas (H2) is an important molecular messenger in animal and plant cells and is involved in various aspects of plant processes, including root organogenesis induction, stress tolerance and postharvest senescence. This study investigated the effect of H2 fumigation on the quality of Lanzhou lily scales. The results indicated the H2 remarkably declined the color variation and browning degree in Lanzhou lily scales by suppressing the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO). Moreover, H2 significantly alleviated the degradation of soluble proteins and soluble sugars in Lanzhou lily scales during postharvest storage, mitigating the decline in nutritional quality. This alleviating effect of H2 might be achieved by increasing the endogenous H2 concentration. Collectively, our data provide new insights into the postharvest quality reduction of Lanzhou lily scales mitigated by H2 fumigation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants12040946
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 10
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    SiC/MoSi2-SiC-Si Oxidation Protective Coatings for HTR Graphite Spheres with Residual Si Optimized
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Materials Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2022-04-28), p. 3203-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2022-04-28), p. 3203-
    Abstract: SiC/MoSi2-SiC-Si coatings for nuclear graphite spheres with different Si-Mo ratios were prepared through two-step pack cementation. XRD, SEM and EDS techniques were used to analyze the composition and microstructure of the coatings. The oxidation resistance performance of the composites at 1773 K, in static air, was investigated. The results showed that the SiC-MoSi2-Si coating could be divided into a denser inner layer and a loose outer layer, as free Si would infiltrate into the inner micropores of the coating under capillary force. When the Si/Mo ratio of the second pack cementation was 7:1, the thickness of the denser inner layer basically reached the maximum and exhibited excellent oxidation resistance ability, with a weight gain of 0.19% after 200 h oxidation. The performance improvement was analyzed as a result of the addition of SiC and C powder in the pack cementation process, effectively increasing the phase interfaces to relax the thermal stress in the coating. With different Si-Mo ratios, the content of residual Si and the formation rate of SiO2 glass layer on the coating surface were also different, thus affecting the anti-oxidation performance. The main reactions occurring at different stages of the oxidation curve were also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma15093203
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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