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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Circulating Tumor Cells as a Tool of Minimal Residual Disease Can Predict Lung Cancer Recurrence: A longitudinal, Prospective Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2020-03-06), p. 144-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2020-03-06), p. 144-
    Abstract: Background: The role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) for predicting the recurrence of cancer in lung cancer patients after surgery remains unclear. Methods: A negatively selected protocol of CTC identification was applied. For all the enrolled patients, CTC testing was performed before and after surgery on the operation day (day 0), postoperative day 1, and day 3. The daily decline and trend of CTCs were analyzed to correlate with cancer relapse. The mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusted by cancer characteristics was applied for statistical significance. Results: Fifty patients with lung mass undergoing surgery were enrolled. Among 41 primary lung cancers, 26 (63.4%) were pathological stage Tis and I. A total of 200 CTC tests were performed. MMRM analysis indicated that surgery could contribute to a CTC decline after surgery in all patients with statistical significance (p = 0.0005). The daily decrease of CTCs was statistically different between patients with and without recurrence (p = 0.0068). An early rebound of CTC counts on postoperative days 1 and 3 was associated with recurrence months later. Conclusion: CTC testing can potentially serve as a tool for minimal residual disease detection in early-staged lung cancer after curative surgery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10030144
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cotargeting CHK1 and PI3K Synergistically Suppresses Tumor Growth of Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Patient-Derived Xenografts
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Cancers Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2020-06-29), p. 1726-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2020-06-29), p. 1726-
    Abstract: Oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) are aggressive tumors, and their recurrence leads to poor prognosis and reduced survival rates. This study aimed to identify therapeutic targets and to evaluate the efficacy of targeted inhibitors in OSCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Herein, we reported that OSCC PDXs recapitulated the genomic signatures of their paired primary tumors and the expression of CHEK1, PIK3CA, and PIK3CD was significantly upregulated in OSCC. The antitumor efficacy of CHK1 inhibitors (PF477736, AZD7762, LY2606368) and PI3K inhibitors (BYL719, GDC0941, GSK1059615) was investigated in OSCC cell lines and PDX models. Targeting either CHK1 or PI3K effectively inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in in vitro cell-based assays. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy combined with CHK1 inhibitor treatment synergistically inhibited cell proliferation by suppressing CHK1 phosphorylation and inducing PARP cleavage. Furthermore, compared with monotherapy, cotreatment with CHK1 and PI3K inhibitors exerted synergistic anticancer effects by suppressing CHK1, AKT, and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. In summary, our study identified CHK1 and PI3K as promising targets, especially in a dual treatment strategy combining a CHK1 inhibitor with cisplatin or a PI3K inhibitor as a novel therapeutic approach for OSCC patients with aberrant cell cycle regulation and PI3K signaling activation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071726
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Malignancy Prediction Capacity and Possible Prediction Model of Circulating Tumor Cells for Suspicious Pulmonary Lesions
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2021-05-21), p. 444-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2021-05-21), p. 444-
    Abstract: More and more undetermined lung lesions are being identified in routine lung cancer screening. The aim of this study was to try to establish a malignancy prediction model according to the tumor presentations. From January 2017 to December 2018, 50 consecutive patients who were identified with suspicious lung lesions were enrolled into this study. Medical records were reviewed and tumor macroscopic and microscopic presentations were collected for analysis. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) were found to differ between benign and malignant lesions (p = 0.03) and also constituted the highest area under the receiver operation curve other than tumor presentations (p = 0.001). Since tumor size showed the highest sensitivity and CTC revealed the best specificity, a malignancy prediction model was proposed. Akaike information criterion (A.I.C.) of the combined malignancy prediction model was 26.73, which was lower than for tumor size or CTCs alone. Logistic regression revealed that the combined malignancy prediction model showed marginal statistical trends (p = 0.0518). In addition, the 95% confidence interval of combined malignancy prediction model showed less wide range than tumor size ≥ 0.7 cm alone. The calculated probability of malignancy in patients with tumor size ≥ 0.7 cm and CTC 〉 3 was 97.9%. By contrast, the probability of malignancy in patients whose tumor size was 〈 0.7 cm, and CTC ≤ 3 was 22.5%. A combined malignancy prediction model involving tumor size followed by the CTC count may provide additional information to assist decision making. For patients who present with tumor size ≥ 0.7 cm and CTC counts 〉 3, aggressive management should be considered, since the calculated probability of malignancy was 97.9%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060444
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thin-Film Coated Plastic Wrap for Food Packaging
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Materials Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2017-07-18), p. 821-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2017-07-18), p. 821-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma10070821
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fabrication and Characterization of In0.9Ga0.1O EGFET pH Sensors
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Coatings Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2021-08-03), p. 929-
    Details
    In: Coatings, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2021-08-03), p. 929-
    Abstract: In this study, the In0.9Ga0.1O sensing membrane were deposited by using the RF magnetron sputtering at room temperature and combined with commercial MOSFETs as the extended gate field effect transistor (EGFET) pH sensors. The sensing performance of the In0.9Ga0.1O EGFET pH sensors were measured and analyzed in the pH value of range between 2 to 12. In the saturation region, the pH current sensitivity calculated from the linear relationship between the IDS and pH value was approximately 56.64 μA/pH corresponding to the linearity of 97.8%. In the linear region, the pH voltage sensitivity exhibited high sensitivity and linearity of 43.7 mV/pH and 96.3%, respectively. The In0.9Ga0.1O EGFET pH sensors were successfully fabricated and exhibited great linearity. The analyzed results indicated that the In0.9Ga0.1O was a robust material as a promising sensing membrane and effectively used for pH sensing detection application.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-6412
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/coatings11080929
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662314-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Prognostic Roles of Pretreatment Circulating Tumor Cells, Circulating Cancer Stem-Like Cells, and Programmed Cell Death-1 Expression on Peripheral Lymphocytes in Patients with Initially Unresectable, Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer: An Exploratory Study of Three Biomarkers in One-time Blood Drawing
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Cancers Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2019-04-15), p. 540-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2019-04-15), p. 540-
    Abstract: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and immune status are strongly related to cancer prognosis, although few studies have examined both factors. This prospective observational study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02420600) evaluated whether CTCs, circulating cancer stem-like cells (cCSCs), and peripheral lymphocytes with/without Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expression were associated with prognosis among patients receiving palliative chemotherapy for initially unresectable, recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (rmHNSCC). Thirty-four patients were enrolled between January 2015 and June 2016. Overall survival (OS) was associated with a higher CTC number (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.01, p = 0.0004) and cCSC ratio (HR: 29.903, p 〈 0.0001). Progression-free survival (PFS) was also associated with CTC number (HR: 1.013, p = 0.002) and cCSC ratio (HR: 10.92, p = 0.003). A CD8+ proportion of ≥ 17% was associated with improved OS (HR: 0.242, p = 0.004). A CD4: CD8 ratio of 〉 1.2 was associated with poorer trend of PFS (HR: 2.12, p = 0.064). PD-1 expression was not associated with survival outcomes. Baseline CTCs, cCSC ratio, and CD8+ ratio may predict prognosis in rmHNSCC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040540
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Low Reflection and Low Surface Recombination Rate Nano-Needle Texture Formed by Two-Step Etching for Solar Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2019-09-29), p. 1392-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2019-09-29), p. 1392-
    Abstract: In this study, needle-like and pyramidal hybrid black silicon structures were prepared by performing metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) on alkaline-etched silicon wafers. Effects of the MACE time on properties of the black silicon wafers were investigated. The experimental results showed that a minimal reflectance of 4.6% can be achieved at the MACE time of 9 min. The height of the nanostructures is below 500 nm, unlike the height of micrometers needed to reach the same level of reflectance for the black silicon on planar wafers. A stacked layer of silicon nitride (SiNx) grown by inductively-coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition (ICPCVD) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) by spatial atomic layer deposition was deposited on the black silicon wafers for passivation and antireflection. The 3 min MACE etched black silicon wafer with a nanostructure height of less than 300 nm passivated by the SiNx/Al2O3 layer showed a low surface recombination rate of 43.6 cm/s. Further optimizing the thickness of ICPCVD-SiNx layer led to a reflectance of 1.4%. The hybrid black silicon with a small nanostructure size, low reflectance, and low surface recombination rate demonstrates great potential for applications in optoelectronic devices.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano9101392
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic Polymorphisms of MnSOD Modify the Impacts of Environmental Melamine on Oxidative Stress and Early Kidney Injury in Calcium Urolithiasis Patients
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Antioxidants Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2022-01-13), p. 152-
    Details
    In: Antioxidants, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2022-01-13), p. 152-
    Abstract: Environmental melamine exposure increases the risks of oxidative stress and early kidney injury. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione peroxidase, and catalase can protect the kidneys against oxidative stress and maintain normal function. We evaluated whether their single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could modify melamine’s effects. A total of 302 patients diagnosed with calcium urolithiasis were enrolled. All patients provided one-spot overnight urine samples to measure their melamine levels, urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress and renal tubular injury. Median values were used to dichotomize levels into high and low. Subjects carrying the T allele of rs4880 and high melamine levels had 3.60 times greater risk of high malondialdehyde levels than those carrying the C allele of rs4880 and low melamine levels after adjustment. Subjects carrying the G allele of rs5746136 and high melamine levels had 1.73 times greater risk of high N-Acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase levels than those carrying the A allele of rs5746136 and low melamine levels. In conclusion, the SNPs of MnSOD, rs4880 and rs5746136, influence the risk of oxidative stress and renal tubular injury, respectively, in calcium urolithiasis patients. In the context of high urinary melamine levels, their effects on oxidative stress and renal tubular injury were further increased.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3921
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010152
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704216-9
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The First Nationwide Surveillance of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Ruminants and Wildlife in Taiwan
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Viruses Vol. 15, No. 2 ( 2023-02-05), p. 441-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 2 ( 2023-02-05), p. 441-
    Abstract: Since the first discovery of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in China in 2009, SFTSV has rapidly spread through other Asian countries, including Japan, Korea, Vietnam and Pakistan, in chronological order. Taiwan reported its first discovery of SFTSV in sheep and humans in 2020. However, the prevalence of SFTSV in domestic and wildlife animals and the geographic distribution of the virus within the island remain unknown. A total of 1324 animal samples, including 803 domestic ruminants, 521 wildlife animals and 47 tick pools, were collected from March 2021 to December 2022 from 12 counties and one terrestrial island. The viral RNA was detected by a one-step real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Overall, 29.9% (240/803) of ruminants showed positive SFTSV RNA. Sheep had the highest viral RNA prevalence of 60% (30/50), followed by beef cattle at 28.4% (44/155), goats at 28.3% (47/166), and dairy cows at 27.5% (119/432). The bovine as a total of dairy cow and beef cattle was 27.8% (163/587). The viral RNA prevalence in ticks (predominantly Rhipicephalus microplus) was similar to those of ruminants at 27.7% (13/47), but wild animals exhibited a much lower prevalence at 1.3% (7/521). Geographically the distribution of positivity was quite even, being 33%, 29.1%, 27.5% and 37.5% for northern, central, southern and eastern Taiwan, respectively. Statistically, the positive rate of beef cattle in the central region (55.6%) and dairy cattle in the eastern region (40.6%) were significantly higher than the other regions; and the prevalence in Autumn (September–November) was significantly higher than in the other seasons (p 〈 0.001). The nationwide study herein revealed for the first time the wide distribution and high prevalence of SFTSV in both domestic animals and ticks in Taiwan. Considering the high mortality rate in humans, surveillance of other animal species, particularly those in close contact with humans, and instigation of protective measures for farmers, veterinarians, and especially older populations visiting or living near farms or rural areas should be prioritized.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v15020441
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Insulin Downregulated the Infection of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in Bladder Cells in a High-Glucose Environment through JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Microorganisms Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2021-11-24), p. 2421-
    Details
    In: Microorganisms, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2021-11-24), p. 2421-
    Abstract: Diabetic individuals have a higher incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) than non-diabetic individuals, and also require longer treatment. We evaluated the effects of insulin pretreatment on the regulation of JAK/STAT transduction pathways in UPEC-infected bladder cells in a high-glucose environment. A bladder cell model with GFP-UPEC and fluorescent-labeled TLR4, STAT1, STAT3, and insulin receptor antibodies, was used to evaluate the relationship between insulin receptor signaling, TLR-4-mediated, and JAK/STAT-dependent pathways. Pretreatment with 20 and 40 µg/mL insulin for 24 h significantly and dose-dependently reduced UPEC infection in SV-HUC-1 cells. Additionally, the expression levels of STAT1 and STAT3 were downregulated in a dose-dependent manner. However, insulin receptor (IR) expression was not affected by insulin pretreatment. Our results showed that insulin-mediated reduction of UPEC infection in a high-glucose environment was not only due to the downregulation of JAK1/2 and phosphorylated STAT-1/3, but also because of the decreased expression of TLR-4 proteins and pro-inflammatory IL-6. Here, we demonstrated that insulin reduced not only UPEC infection in bladder epithelial cells, but also inhibited the JAK/STAT transduction pathway during infection in a high-glucose environment. This study provides evidence to support the use of insulin in the treatment of UPEC infection in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2607
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122421
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720891-6
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