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  • MDPI AG  (1,916)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Autophagosomes Containing Dengue Virus Proteins and Full-Length Genomic RNA Are Infectious
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Viruses Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2021-10-09), p. 2034-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2021-10-09), p. 2034-
    Abstract: Autophagic machinery is involved in selective and non-selective recruitment as well as degradation or exocytosis of cargoes, including pathogens. Dengue virus (DENV) infectioninduces autophagy that enhances virus replication and vesicle release to evade immune systemsurveillance. This study reveals that DENV2 induces autophagy in lung and liver cancer cells andshowed that DENV2 capsid, envelope, NS1, NS3, NS4B and host cell proinflammatory high mobilitygroup box 1 (HMGB1) proteins associated with autophagosomes which were purified by gradientcentrifugation. Capsid, NS1 and NS3 proteins showing high colocalization with LC3 protein in thecytoplasm of the infected cells were detected in the purified double-membrane autophagosome byimmunogold labeling under transmission electron microscopy. In DENV infected cells, the levels ofcapsid, envelope, NS1 and HMGB1 proteins are not significantly changed compared to the dramaticaccumulation of LC3-II and p62/SQSTM1 proteins when autophagic degradation was blocked bychloroquine, indicating that these proteins are not regulated by autophagic degradation machinery.We further demonstrated that purified autophagosomes were infectious when co-cultured withuninfected cells. Notably, these infectious autophagosomes contain DENV2 proteins, negativestrandand full-length genomic RNAs, but no viral particles. It is possible that the infectivity ofthe autophagosome originates from the full-length DENV RNA. Moreover, we reveal that DENV2promotes HMGB1 exocytosis partially through secretory autophagy. In conclusion, we are the firstto report that DENV2-induced double-membrane autophagosomes containing viral proteins andfull-length RNAs are infectious and not undergoing autophagic degradation. Our novel findingwarrants further validation of whether these intracellular vesicles undergo exocytosis to becomeinfectious autophagic vesicles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v13102034
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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  • 2
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    The Anesthetic Strategy for Patients with Mucopolysaccharidoses: A Retrospective Cohort Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-08-21), p. 1343-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-08-21), p. 1343-
    Abstract: Anesthesia for patients with mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) is quite challenging due to vital systemic dysfunction following progressive accumulation of lysosomal glycosaminoglycans. Previous studies focused on perioperative difficult airway management under general anesthesia but rarely depicted the concern of choosing the size of the endotracheal tube (ETT) as well as neuraxial anesthesia. This study aimed to analyze the overall anesthetic management and related complications for a thorough anesthetic strategy. Within the study period from 2002 to 2021, each record of the anesthetic and perioperative quality assurance/improvement system for patients with a diagnosis of MPS at MacKay Memorial Hospital was retrospectively reviewed. A total of 51 individuals with 151 anesthesia for 163 interventions were cohort studied, and there were 136 general anesthesia and 15 neuraxial anesthesia. We found that the most common interventions for MPS patients were otolaryngological surgeries (49.6%). Additionally, a secured airway played a marked preference for the most general anesthesia (87.1%). The incidence of difficult intubation was 12.5%. In view of ETT size, a smaller than estimated size was used in MPS type II, III, IV, and VI patients and also in patients who received intubation with multiple attempts. However, a larger than estimated size of ETT was adopted whilst choosing cuffed ones. For neuraxial anesthesia, two failed spinal anesthesia procedures were converted to general anesthesia and 73 percent of the patients received perioperative sedation. In conclusion, through the individualized anesthetic strategy and build-up of an experienced team for airway management, high-quality anesthesia can be ensured in each patient.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081343
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 3
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    Extracorporeal Life Support and Temporary CentriMag Ventricular Assist Device to Salvage Cardiogenic-Shock Patients Suffering from Prolonged Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 11, No. 13 ( 2022-06-29), p. 3773-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 13 ( 2022-06-29), p. 3773-
    Abstract: Background: The extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and temporary bilateral ventricular assist device (t-BiVAD) are commonly applied in patients with cardiogenic shock. Prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has poor prognosis. Herein, we report our findings on a combined ECLS and t-BiVAD approach to salvage cardiogenic-shock patients with CPR for more than one hour. Methods: Fifty-nine patients with prolonged CPR and rescued by ECLS and subsequent t-BiVAD were retrospectively collected between January 2015 and December 2019. Primary diagnoses included ischemic, dilated cardiomyopathy, acute myocardial infarction, post-cardiotomy syndrome, and fulminant myocarditis. The mean LVEF was 16.9% ± 6.56% before t-BiVAD. The median ECLS-to-VAD interval is 26 h. Results: A total of 26 patients (44%) survived to weaning, including 13 (22%) bridged to recovery, and 13 (22%) bridged to transplantation. Survivors to discharge demonstrated better systemic perfusion and hemodynamics than non-survivors. The CentriMag-related complications included bleeding (n = 22, 37.2%), thromboembolism (n = 5, 8.4%), and infection (n = 4, 6.7%). The risk factors of mortality included Glasgow Coma Scale (Motor + Eye) ≤ 5, and lactate ≥ 8 mmol/L at POD-1, persistent ventricular rhythm or asystole, and total bilirubin ≥ 6 mg/dL at POD-3. Mortality factors included septic shock (n = 11, 18.6%), central failure (n = 10, 16.9%), and multiple organ failure (n = 12, 20.3%). Conclusions: Combined ECLS and t-BiVAD could be a salvage treatment for patients with severe cardiogenic shock, especially for those already having prolonged CPR. This combination can correct organ malperfusion and allow sufficient time to bridge patients to recovery and heart transplantation, especially in Asia, where donation rates are low, as well as intracorporeal VAD or total artificial heart being seldom available.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133773
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 4
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    A Sample and Sensitive HPLC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Determination of Ziyuglycoside I and Its Metabolite Ziyuglycoside II in Rat Pharmacokinetics
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Molecules Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2018-02-28), p. 543-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2018-02-28), p. 543-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030543
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 5
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    Willingness of Taiwan’s Healthcare Workers and Outpatients to Vaccinate against COVID-19 during a Period without Community Outbreaks
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Vaccines Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2021-03-12), p. 246-
    Details
    In: Vaccines, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2021-03-12), p. 246-
    Abstract: To control the spread of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), COVID-19 vaccination has been quickly developed. However, the COVID-19 pandemic will not be controlled if the COVID-19 vaccination uptake willingness is low. Therefore, the study aim was to explore the COVID-19 vaccination uptake willingness among the outpatient population and healthcare workers in Taiwan during the worldwide pandemic period without community outbreaks. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among healthcare workers (HCWs; n = 500; mean age = 32.96 years) of National Cheng Kung University Hospital (NCKUH) and outpatients (n = 238; mean age = 34.43 years) arriving at NCKUH. We used an online survey conducted between September 24 and 21 November 2020, for healthcare workers, and between 27 October and 31 December 2020, for the outpatient sample. Information regarding willingness to receive vaccination, willingness to rapid test, fear of COVID-19, risk perception, and preventive behaviors was collected in both samples; information regarding willingness to care for patients was collected in healthcare workers. Willingness to receive vaccination was the main variable in the present study; willingness to rapid test, willingness to care for patients, fear of COVID-19, risk perception, and preventive behaviors were the secondary variables in the study. The factors associated with vaccination willingness were identified through logistic regression analysis. The participants’ willingness to receive vaccination was low for both healthcare workers (23.4%) and the outpatient sample (30.7%). Similarly, their willingness to take rapid tests was low (23.6% for healthcare workers and 28.6% for outpatient sample). Risk perception (crude odds ratio (COR) = 1.29; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03, 1.63), willingness to take rapid test (COR = 9.24; 95% CI = 5.76, 14.83), and preventive COVID-19 infection behaviors (COR = 2.32; 95% CI = 1.52, 3.56) were significant factors explaining the healthcare workers’ willingness to receive vaccination. Willingness to take a rapid test (COR = 8.91; 95% CI = 4.71, 16.87) and preventive COVID-19 infection behaviors (COR = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.09, 2.60) were significant factors explaining the outpatient sample’s willingness to receive vaccination. Willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 among HCWs and outpatients is low due to the relatively safe status of COVID-19 infection in Taiwan. These findings can help policymakers advocate for the effectiveness of and provide transparent information on COVID-19 vaccination uptake in a country/region with a relatively safe COVID-19 outbreak status.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-393X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030246
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2703319-3
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  • 6
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    Comparing the Psychometric Properties among Three Versions of the UCLA Loneliness Scale in Individuals with Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 14 ( 2022-07-11), p. 8443-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 14 ( 2022-07-11), p. 8443-
    Abstract: The UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3; UCLA-LSV3) is widely used for assessing loneliness. Nevertheless, the validity of this scale for assessing loneliness in individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder has not been determined. Additionally, studies validating the eight-item and three-item versions of UCLA-LSV3 have not included individuals with severe mental illness; therefore, whether the short versions are comparable to the full 20-item version of UCLA-LSV3 for this population is unclear. The present study examined the unidimensional structure, internal consistency, concurrent validity, and test–retest reliability of the Chinese versions of UCLA-LSV3 (i.e., 20-item, 8-item, and 3-item versions) to determine which version is most appropriate for assessing loneliness in individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder in Taiwan. A total of 300 participants (267 with schizophrenia and 33 with schizoaffective disorder) completed the scales, comprising UCLA-LSV3, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the suicidality module of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia–Epidemiological Version (K-SADS-E), and the family and peer Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve (APGAR) index. Construct validity was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis. The three versions of UCLA-LSV3 were compared with the CES-D, the suicidality module of the K-SADS-E, and the family and peer APGAR index to establish concurrent validity. The results indicated that all three versions of UCLA-LSV3 exhibited acceptable to satisfactory psychometric properties in terms of unidimensional constructs, concurrent validity, and test–retest reliability. The full version of UCLA-LSV3 had the best performance, followed by the eight-item version and the three-item version. Moreover, the three versions had relatively strong associations with each other. Therefore, when deliberating which version of UCLA-LSV3 is the best choice for assessing loneliness in individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, healthcare providers and therapists should consider time availability and practicality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148443
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 7
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    Anticancer Activity of γ-Bisabolene in Human Neuroblastoma Cells via Induction of p53-Mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis
    MDPI AG ; 2016
    In:  Molecules Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 2016-05-07), p. 601-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 2016-05-07), p. 601-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050601
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 8
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    Composition and Bioactivity of Essential Oil from Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck ‘Mato Peiyu’ Leaf
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Molecules Vol. 22, No. 12 ( 2017-12-05), p. 2154-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 12 ( 2017-12-05), p. 2154-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122154
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 9
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    Berberine Promotes Beige Adipogenic Signatures of 3T3-L1 Cells by Regulating Post-transcriptional Events
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Cells Vol. 8, No. 6 ( 2019-06-23), p. 632-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 6 ( 2019-06-23), p. 632-
    Abstract: Induced brown adipocytes (also referred to as beige cells) execute thermogenesis, as do the classical adipocytes by consuming stored lipids, being related to metabolic homeostasis. Treatment of phytochemicals, including berberine (BBR), was reported to induce conversion from white adipocytes to beige cells. In this study, results of microRNA (miRNA)-seq analyses revealed a decrease in miR-92a, of which the transcription is driven by the c13orf25 promoter in BBR-treated 3T3-L1 cells. BBR treatment manipulated the expressions of SP1 and MYC, in turn, reducing the activity of the c13orf25 promoter. A decrease in miR-92a led to an increase in RNA-binding motif protein 4a (RBM4a) expression, which facilitated the beige adipogenesis. Overexpression of miR-92a or depletion of RBM4a reversely interfered with the impact of BBR treatment on the beige adipogenic signatures, gene expressions, and splicing events in 3T3-L1 cells. Our findings demonstrated that BBR treatment enhanced beige adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells through transcription-coupled post-transcriptional regulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells8060632
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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  • 10
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    Factors Associated with Significant Platelet Count Improvement in Thrombocytopenic Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Receiving Direct-Acting Antivirals
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Viruses Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2022-02-07), p. 333-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2022-02-07), p. 333-
    Abstract: To clarify the predictive factors of significant platelet count improvement in thrombocytopenic chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. CHC patients with baseline platelet counts of 〈 150 × 103/μL receiving direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy with at least 12-weeks post-treatment follow-up (PTW12) were enrolled. Significant platelet count improvement was defined as a ≥10% increase in platelet counts at PTW12 from baseline. Platelet count evolution at treatment week 4, end-of-treatment, PTW12, and PTW48 was evaluated. This study included 4922 patients. Sustained virologic response after 12 weeks post-treatment was achieved in 98.7% of patients. Platelet counts from baseline, treatment week 4, and end-of-treatment to PTW12 were 108.8 ± 30.2, 121.9 ± 41.1, 123.1 ± 43.0, and 121.1 ± 40.8 × 103/μL, respectively. Overall, 2230 patients (45.3%) showed significant platelet count improvement. Multivariable analysis revealed that age (odds ratio (OR) = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99–1.00, p = 0.01), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.06–1.38, p = 0.007), cirrhosis (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.58–0.75, p 〈 0.0001), baseline platelet counts (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98–0.99, p 〈 0.0001), and baseline total bilirubin level (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.71–0.91, p = 0.0003) were independent predictive factors of significant platelet count improvement. Subgroup analyses showed that patients with significant platelet count improvement and sustained virologic responses, regardless of advanced fibrosis, had a significant increase in platelet counts from baseline to treatment week 4, end-of-treatment, PTW12, and PTW48. Young age, presence of DM, absence of cirrhosis, reduced baseline platelet counts, and reduced baseline total bilirubin levels were associated with significant platelet count improvement after DAA therapy in thrombocytopenic CHC patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v14020333
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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