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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interaction of Osteoarthritis and BMI on Leptin Promoter Methylation in Taiwanese Adults
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2019-12-23), p. 123-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2019-12-23), p. 123-
    Abstract: Leptin (LEP) regulates glucose metabolism and energy storage in the body. Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with the upregulation of serum LEP. LEP promoter methylation is associated with obesity. So far, few studies have explored the association of BMI and OA with LEP methylation. We assessed the interaction between body mass index (BMI) and OA on LEP promoter methylation. Data of 1114 participants comprising 583 men and 558 women, aged 30–70 years were retrieved from the Taiwan Biobank Database (2008–2015). Osteoarthritis was self-reported and cases were those who reported having ever been clinically diagnosed with osteoarthritis. BMI was categorized into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. The mean LEP promoter methylation level in individuals with osteoarthritis was 0.5509 ± 0.00437 and 0.5375 ± 0.00101 in those without osteoarthritis. The interaction between osteoarthritis and BMI on LEP promoter methylation was significant (p-value = 0.0180). With normal BMI as the reference, the mean LEP promoter methylation level was significantly higher in obese osteoarthritic individuals (β = 0.03696, p-value = 0.0187). However, there was no significant association between BMI and LEP promoter methylation in individuals without osteoarthritis, regardless of BMI. In conclusion, only obesity was significantly associated with LEP promoter methylation (higher levels) specifically in osteoarthritic patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010123
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Novel Aporphine- and Proaporphine–Clerodane Hybrids Identified from the Barks of Taiwanese Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites var. pendula with Strong Anti-DENV2 Activity
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Pharmaceuticals Vol. 15, No. 10 ( 2022-09-30), p. 1218-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceuticals, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 10 ( 2022-09-30), p. 1218-
    Abstract: Hybrid natural products produced via mixed biosynthetic pathways are unique and often surprise one with unexpected medicinal properties in addition to their fascinating structural complexity/diversity. In view of chemical structures, hybridization is a way of diversifying natural products usually through dimerization of two similar or dissimilar subcomponents through a C–C or N–C covalent linkage. Here, we report four structurally attractive diterpene–alkaloid conjugates polyalongarins A–D (1–4), clerodane-containing aporphine and proaporphine alkaloids, the first of its kind from the barks of Taiwanese Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites var. pendula. In addition to conventional spectroscopic analysis, single crystal X-ray crystallography was employed to determine the chemical structures and stereo-configurations of 1. Compounds 1–4 were subsequently subjected to in vitro antiviral examination against DENV2 by evaluating the expression level of the NS2B protein in DENV2-infected Huh-7 cells. These compounds display encouraging anti-DENV2 activity with superb EC50 (2.8–6.4 μM) and CC50 values (50.4–200 μM). The inhibitory mechanism of 1–4 on NS2B was further explored drawing on in-silico molecular docking analysis. Based on calculated binding affinities and predicted interactions between the functional groups of 1–4 and the allosteric-site residues of the DENV2 NS2B-NS3 protease, our analysis concludes that the clerodane–aporphine/proaporphine-type hybrids are novel and effective DENV NS2B-NS3 protease inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8247
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ph15101218
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2193542-7
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gender Differences in the Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour on Smoking Cessation Intention in Young Soldiers
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 15 ( 2021-07-23), p. 7834-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 15 ( 2021-07-23), p. 7834-
    Abstract: Background: The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) explanation of smoking cessation intentions consists of gender differences. The purpose of this study is to adopt the extended TPB to discuss factors influencing the smoking cessation intentions of young adult volunteer soldiers and to further compare the respective factors for both genders. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from 139 and 165 male and female volunteer soldiers who smoked, respectively. Research participants completed a self-administered questionnaire that comprised items pertaining to the participants’ demographic characteristics, smoking behaviours, smoking cessation experiences, social environments, and TPB variables. Results: Subjective norms (friends) are a positive key factor for young adult male (β = 0.033, p = 0.012) and female (β = 0.076, p 〈 0.001) volunteer soldiers’ smoking cessation intentions, and perceived behavioural control is a key factor for male young (β = 0.226, p = 0.040) adult volunteer soldiers’ smoking cessation intention. The extended TPB accounted for 27.9% and 53.2% of the variance in the intention to quit smoking in the male and female volunteer soldiers, respectively. Conclusions: We suggest that smoking cessation strategies can reinforce gender-specific intervention strategies to assist young adult volunteer soldiers in smoking cessation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157834
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New Dammarane-type Saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Molecules Vol. 24, No. 7 ( 2019-04-08), p. 1375-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 7 ( 2019-04-08), p. 1375-
    Abstract: Six new dammarane-type saponins, gypenosides CP1-6 (16), along with 19 known compounds 7–25, were isolated and characterized from the aerial parts of Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Among these compounds, eight dammarane-type saponins, 2, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, and 15, exhibited the greatest antiproliferative effects against two human tumor cell lines (A549 and HepG2).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071375
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Interaction between Coffee Drinking and TRIB1 rs17321515 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism on Coronary Heart Disease in a Taiwanese Population
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-05-02), p. 1301-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-05-02), p. 1301-
    Abstract: A complex interplay of several genetic and lifestyle factors influence coronary heart disease (CHD). We determined the interaction between coffee consumption and the tribbles pseudokinase 1 (TRIB1) rs17321515 variant on coronary heart disease (CHD). Data on CHD were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) while genotype data were collected from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) Database. From the linked electronic health record data, 1116 individuals were identified with CHD while 7853 were control individuals. Coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of CHD. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.84 (0.72–0.99). Association of CHD with the TRIB1 rs17321515 variant was not significant. The OR (95% CI) was 1.01 (0.72–0.99). There was an interaction between TRIB1 rs17321515 and coffee consumption on CHD risk (p for interaction = 0.0330). After stratification by rs17321515 genotypes, coffee drinking remained significantly associated with a lower risk of CHD only among participants with GG genotype (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.45–0.85). In conclusion, consumption of coffee was significantly associated with a decreased risk of CHD among Taiwanese adults with the TRIB1 GG genotype.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu12051301
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Combination of Exercise and Vegetarian Diet: Relationship with High Density-Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Taiwanese Adults Based on MTHFR rs1801133 Polymorphism
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2020-05-27), p. 1564-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2020-05-27), p. 1564-
    Abstract: We examined the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and exercise and vegetarian diets, in Taiwanese adults, based on the Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) rs1801133 polymorphism. Using regression models, we analyzed historical data collected from 9255 Taiwan Biobank (TWB) participants from 2008 through 2015. Exposure to exercise was associated with higher HDL-C (β = 1.0508 and 1.4011 for GG and GA + AA individuals, respectively), whereas a vegetarian diet was associated with lower HDL-C (β = −6.2793 and −4.6359 for those with GG and GA + AA genotype, respectively). We found an interaction between exercise and diet among GG individuals (p = 0.0101). Compared with no exercise/no vegetarian diet, vegetarian diet/no exercise was associated with a 5.1514 mg/dl reduction in HDL-C among those with GG genotype (β = −5.1514, p 〈 0.0001) and a 4.8426 mg/dl reduction (β = −4.8426, p 〈 0.0001) among those with GA + AA genotype. Vegetarian diets in combination with exercise predicted a 6.5552 mg/dl reduction in HDL-C among GG individuals (β = −6.5552) and a 2.8668 mg/dl reduction among GA + AA individuals (p 〈 0.05). These findings demonstrated that vegetarian diet alone was associated with lower HDL-C, no matter the rs1801133 genotype. However, the inclusion of regular exercise predicted much lower levels among GG individuals, whereas levels among GA + AA individuals were relatively higher.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu12061564
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interaction between Sex and LDLR rs688 Polymorphism on Hyperlipidemia among Taiwan Biobank Adult Participants
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Biomolecules Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2020-02-05), p. 244-
    Details
    In: Biomolecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2020-02-05), p. 244-
    Abstract: Hyperlipidemia is one of the strong risk factors for ischemic heart disease. Using the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) database, we evaluated the risk of hyperlipidemia and its interaction with sex and rs688 polymorphism on the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene. Data collection in the biobank started in 2008 and is ongoing. Data analysis was performed on the participants’ data collected between 2008 and 2015. In general, 27.92% of the 9237 female participants and 32.65% of the 8690 male participants were identified with hyperlipidemia. Compared to the C/C genotype, C/T and T/T genotypes were not significant risk factors for hyperlipidemia (OR = 1.061, CI: 0.976–1.153 for C/T and OR = 1.052, CI: 0.845–1.309 for T/T genotype) in the general model. However, there was a significant interaction between sex and rs6888 on hyperlipidemia risk (p-interaction = 0.0321). With the male sex/CC genotype being the reference group, only the female sex/CT and T/T genotypes were closely associated with hyperlipidemia, with respective ORs of 1.153 (CI: 1.014–1.311) and 1.423 (CI: 1.056–1.917). Our data indicate that rs688 C/T and T/T genotypes may be associated with increased risk of hyperlipidemia in Taiwanese women. These findings may be relevant in lipid-modification therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2218-273X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biom10020244
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2701262-1
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Targeted Isolation of Xenicane Diterpenoids From Taiwanese Soft Coral Asterospicularia laurae
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Marine Drugs Vol. 19, No. 3 ( 2021-02-25), p. 123-
    Details
    In: Marine Drugs, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 3 ( 2021-02-25), p. 123-
    Abstract: Application of LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking indicated the ethanol extract of octocoral Asterospicularia laurae is a potential source for the discovery of new xenicane derivatives. A natural product investigation of this soft coral resulted in the isolation of four new xenicane diterpenoids, asterolaurins O–R (1–4), together with six known compounds, xeniolide-A (5), isoxeniolide-A (6), xeniolide-B (7), 7,8-epoxyxeniolide-B (8), 7,8-oxido-isoxeniolide-A (9), and 9-hydroxyxeniolide-F (10). The structures of isolated compounds were characterized by employing spectroscopic analyses, including 2D-NMR (COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS). Asterolaurin O is the first case of brominated tricarbocyclic type floridicin in the family Xeniidae. Concerning bioactivity, the cytotoxic activity of those isolates was evaluated. As a result, compounds 1 and 2 demonstrated a selective cytotoxic effect against the MCF-7 cell line at IC50 of 14.7 and 25.1 μM, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/md19030123
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175190-0
    SSG: 15,3
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