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  • MDPI AG  (244)
  • 1
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    Using Normalized Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Carbohydrate Antigen 19 to Predict and Monitor the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 15 ( 2023-07-29), p. 12192-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 15 ( 2023-07-29), p. 12192-
    Abstract: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) are established prognostic biomarkers for patients with gastric cancer. However, their potential as predictive markers for neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) efficacy has not been fully elucidated. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis to determine values of CEA and CA19-9 prior to NACT (pre-NACT) and after NACT (post-NACT) in 399 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) who received intended NACT and surgery. Results: Among the 399 patients who underwent NACT plus surgery, 132 patients (33.1%) had elevated pre-NACT CEA/CA19-9 values. Furthermore, either pre-NACT or post-NACT CEA /CA19-9 levels were significantly associated with prognosis (p = 0.0023) compared to patients with non-elevated levels. Moreover, among the patients, a significant proportion (73/132, 55.3%) achieved normalized CEA/CA19-9 following NACT, which is a strong marker of a favorable treatment response and survival benefits. In addition, the patients with normalized CEA/CA19-9 also had a prolonged survival compared to those who underwent surgery first (p = 0.0140), which may be attributed to the clearance of micro-metastatic foci. Additionally, the magnitude of CEA/CA19-9 changes did not exhibit a statistically significant prognostic value. Conclusions: Normalization of CEA/CA19-9 is a strong biomarker for the effectiveness of treatment, and can thus be exploited to prolong the long-term survival of patients with LAGC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512192
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
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  • 2
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    Systematic Investigation of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Main Subtropical Crops in Guangxi Province, China
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Life Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2021-11-03), p. 1177-
    Details
    In: Life, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2021-11-03), p. 1177-
    Abstract: Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are a pathogenic group that causes momentous crop yield loss by retarding plant growth and development through plant parasitization. In this study, the distribution of PPNs based on the main crops in Guangxi Province of China was investigated. A total of 425 samples of soil or roots from sugarcane, rice, maize, and soybean were collected in 68 counties, and a total of 48 order/family/genera of PPNs were identified, of which some genera were found in more than one crop. A total of 31 order/family/genera of PPNs were found in rice, among which Hirschmanniella was the most abundant, accounting for 79.23%, followed by Tylenchorhynchus (34.43%). Forty order/family/genera were observed in maize, of which the dominant genera were Pratylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus at 45.14% and 32.64%, respectively. In addition, 30 order/family/genera of PPNs were detected from sugarcane, and the percentages of Tylenchorhynchus and Helicotylenchus were 70.42% and 39.44%, respectively. The main crop of Eastern ecological regions was rice, with a high frequency of Hirschmanniella. The greatest frequency of Pratylenchus was found in the Western eco-region, which had a large area of maize. In the Northern eco-region, rice and maize were popular, with abundant Hirschmanniella and Helicotylenchus. In the Central eco-region, Pratylenchus was detected on the main crop of sugarcane. Hirschmanniella (72.94%) was dominant in clay, and Tylenchorhynchus (54.17%) showed the highest frequency in loam. The distribution of PPNs varied with different altitudes. The diversity of this phenomenon was closely related to host plants. These results could improve understanding of the distribution of PPNs and provide important information for controlling PPNs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/life11111177
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662250-6
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  • 3
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    Molecular Targeting of the Oncoprotein PLK1 in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: RO3280, a Novel PLK1 Inhibitor, Induces Apoptosis in Leukemia Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2015
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2015-01-07), p. 1266-1292
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2015-01-07), p. 1266-1292
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms16011266
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
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  • 4
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    Cu/CuOx@C Composite as a High-Efficiency Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reactions
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Catalysts Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2022-11-25), p. 1515-
    Details
    In: Catalysts, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2022-11-25), p. 1515-
    Abstract: Among clean energy transformation devices, fuel cells have gained special attention over the past years; however, advancing appropriate non-valuable metal impetuses to halfway supplant the customary Pt/C impetus is still in progress. In this paper, we propose a specific electrocatalyst in the formula of highly-active Cu species, associated with coated carbon (Cu@C-800), for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) through post-treatment of a self-assembled precursor. The optimized catalyst Cu@C-800 showed excellent ORR performance (i.e., the onset potential was 1.00 V vs. RHE, and half-wave potential of 0.81 V vs. RHE), high stability, resistance to methanol, and high four-electron selectivity. The enhancement is attributed to the synergy between the carbon matrix and a high explicit surface region and rich Cu nano-species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4344
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/catal12121515
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662126-5
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  • 5
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    Transcriptomic Changes and satP Gene Function Analysis in Pasteurella multocida with Different Levels of Resistance to Enrofloxacin
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Veterinary Sciences Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2023-03-28), p. 257-
    Details
    In: Veterinary Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2023-03-28), p. 257-
    Abstract: Pasteurella multocida (Pm) is one of the major pathogens of bovine respiratory disease (BRD), which can develop drug resistance to many of the commonly used antibiotics. Our earlier research group found that with clinical use of enrofloxacin, Pm was more likely to develop drug resistance to enrofloxacin. In order to better understand the resistance mechanism of Pm to enrofloxacin, we isolated PmS and PmR strains with the same PFGE typing in vitro, and artificially induced PmR to obtain the highly resistant phenotype, PmHR. Then transcriptome sequencing of clinically isolated sensitive strains, resistant and highly drug-resistant strains, treated with enrofloxacin at sub-inhibitory concentrations, were performed. The satP gene, of which the expression changed significantly with the increase in drug resistance, was screened. In order to further confirm the function of this gene, we constructed a satP deletion (ΔPm) strain using suicide vector plasmid pRE112, and constructed the C-Pm strain using pBBR1-MCS, and further analyzed the function of the satP gene. Through a continuously induced resistance test, it was found that the resistance rate of ΔPm was obviously lower than that of Pm in vitro. MDK99, agar diffusion and mutation frequency experiments showed significantly lower tolerance of ΔPm than the wild-type strains. The pathogenicity of ΔPm and Pm was measured by an acute pathogenicity test in mice, and it was found that the pathogenicity of ΔPm was reduced by about 400 times. Therefore, this study found that the satP gene was related to the tolerance and pathogenicity of Pm, and may be used as a target of enrofloxacin synergistic effect.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2306-7381
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10040257
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2768971-2
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  • 6
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    Citric Acid Confers Broad Antibiotic Tolerance through Alteration of Bacterial Metabolism and Oxidative Stress
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 10 ( 2023-05-22), p. 9089-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 10 ( 2023-05-22), p. 9089-
    Abstract: Antibiotic tolerance has become an increasingly serious crisis that has seriously threatened global public health. However, little is known about the exogenous factors that can trigger the development of antibiotic tolerance, both in vivo and in vitro. Herein, we found that the addition of citric acid, which is used in many fields, obviously weakened the bactericidal activity of antibiotics against various bacterial pathogens. This mechanistic study shows that citric acid activated the glyoxylate cycle by inhibiting ATP production in bacteria, reduced cell respiration levels, and inhibited the bacterial tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle). In addition, citric acid reduced the oxidative stress ability of bacteria, which led to an imbalance in the bacterial oxidation–antioxidant system. These effects together induced the bacteria to produce antibiotic tolerance. Surprisingly, the addition of succinic acid and xanthine could reverse the antibiotic tolerance induced by citric acid in vitro and in animal infection models. In conclusion, these findings provide new insights into the potential risks of citric acid usage and the relationship between antibiotic tolerance and bacterial metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109089
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
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  • 7
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    MdPP2C24/37, Protein Phosphatase Type 2Cs from Apple, Interact with MdPYL2/12 to Negatively Regulate ABA Signaling in Transgenic Arabidopsis
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 22 ( 2022-11-19), p. 14375-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 22 ( 2022-11-19), p. 14375-
    Abstract: The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in the ability of plants to cope with drought stress. As core members of the ABA signaling pathway, protein phosphatase type 2Cs (PP2Cs) have been reported in many species. However, the functions of MdPP2Cs in apple (Malus domestica) are unclear. In this study, we identified two PP2C-encoding genes, MdPP2C24/37, with conserved PP2C catalytic domains, using sequence alignment. The nucleus-located MdPP2C24/37 genes were induced by ABA or mannitol in apple. Genetic analysis revealed that overexpression of MdPP2C24/37 in Arabidopsis thaliana led to plant insensitivity to ABA or mannitol treatment, in terms of inhibiting seed germination and overall seedling establishment. The expression of stress marker genes was upregulated in MdPP2C24/37 transgenic lines. At the same time, MdPP2C24/37 transgenic lines displayed inhibited ABA-mediated stomatal closure, which led to higher water loss rates. Moreover, when exposed to drought stress, chlorophyll levels decreased and MDA and H2O2 levels accumulated in the MdPP2C24/37 transgenic lines. Further, MdPP2C24/37 interacted with MdPYL2/12 in vitro and vivo. The results indicate that MdPP2C24/37 act as negative regulators in response to ABA-mediated drought resistance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214375
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
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  • 8
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    The Clinical Impact of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) Test in Hospitalized Patients with Suspected Sepsis: A Multicenter Prospective Study
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-01-16), p. 323-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-01-16), p. 323-
    Abstract: Background: Metagenomic Next Generation Sequencing (mNGS) has the potential to detect pathogens rapidly. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of mNGS in hospitalized patients with suspected sepsis and evaluate its role in guiding antimicrobial therapy. Methods: A multicenter, prospective cohort study was performed. We enrolled patients with suspected sepsis, collected clinical characteristics and blood samples, and recorded the 30-day survival. Diagnostic efficacy of mNGS test and blood culture was compared, and the clinical impact of mNGS on antibiotic regimen modification was analyzed. Results: A total of 277 patients were enrolled, and 162 were diagnosed with sepsis. The mortality was 44.8% (121/270). The mNGS test exhibited shorter turn-out time (27.0 (26.0, 29.0) vs. 96.0 (72.0, 140.3) hours, p 〈 0.001) and higher sensitivity (90.5% vs. 36.0%, p 〈 0.001) compared with blood culture, especially for fungal infections. The mNGS test showed better performance for patients with mild symptoms, prior antibiotic use, and early stage of infection than blood culture, and was capable of guiding antibiotic regimen modification and improving prognosis. Higher reads of pathogens detected by mNGS were related to 30-day mortality (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Blood mNGS testing might be helpful for early etiological diagnosis of patients with suspected sepsis, guiding the antibiotic regimen modification and improving prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020323
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 9
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    Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Alligator Weed Leaves Reveals That Cationic Peroxidase 1 Plays Vital Roles in the Potassium Deficiency Stress Response
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 21, No. 7 ( 2020-04-06), p. 2537-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 7 ( 2020-04-06), p. 2537-
    Abstract: Alligator weed is reported to have a strong ability to adapt to potassium deficiency (LK) stress. Leaves are the primary organs responsible for photosynthesis of plants. However, quantitative proteomic changes in alligator weed leaves in response to LK stress are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the physiological and proteomic changes in leaves of alligator weed under LK stress. We found that chloroplast and mesophyll cell contents in palisade tissue increased, and that the total chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and net photosynthetic rate (PN) increased after 15 day of LK treatment, but the soluble protein content decreased. Quantitative proteomic analysis suggested that a total of 119 proteins were differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). KEGG analysis suggested that most represented DAPs were associated with secondary metabolism, the stress response, photosynthesis, protein synthesis, and degradation pathway. The proteomic results were verified using parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (PRM–MS) analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR)assays. Additional research suggested that overexpression of cationic peroxidase 1 of alligator weed (ApCPX1) in tobacco increased LK tolerance. The seed germination rate, peroxidase (POD) activity, and K+ content increased, and the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content decreased in the three transgenic tobacco lines after LK stress. The number of root hairs of the transgenic line was significantly higher than that of WT, and net K efflux rates were severely decreased in the transgenic line under LK stress. These results confirmed that ApCPX1 played positive roles in low-K+ signal sensing. These results provide valuable information on the adaptive mechanisms in leaves of alligator weed under LK stress and will help identify vital functional genes to apply to the molecular breeding of LK-tolerant plants in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072537
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
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  • 10
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    Single Amino Acid Substitutions Surrounding the Icosahedral Fivefold Symmetry Axis Are Critical for Alternative Receptor Usage of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Viruses Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2020-10-09), p. 1147-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2020-10-09), p. 1147-
    Abstract: The integrins function as the primary receptor molecules for the pathogenic infection of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in vivo, while the acquisition of a high affinity for heparan sulfate (HS) of some FMDV variants could be privileged to facilitate viral infection and expanded cell tropism in vitro. Here, we noted that a BHK-adapted Cathay topotype derivative (O/HN/CHA/93tc) but not its genetically engineered virus (rHN), was able to infect HS-positive CHO-K1 cells and mutant pgsD-677 cells. There were one or three residue changes in the capsid proteins of O/HN/CHA/93tc and rHN, as compared with that of their tissue-originated isolate (O/HN/CHA/93wt). The phenotypic properties of a set of site-directed mutants of rHN revealed that E83K of VP1 surrounding the fivefold symmetry axis was necessary for the integrin-independent infection of O/HN/CHA/93tc. L80 in VP2 was essential for the occurrence of E83K in VP1 during the adaptation of O/HN/CHA/93wt to BHK-21 cells. L80M in VP2 and D138G in VP1 of rHN was deleterious, which could be compensated by K83R of VP1 for restoring an efficient infection of integrin-negative CHO cell lines. These might have important implications for understanding the molecular and evolutionary mechanisms of the recognition and binding of FMDV with alternative cellular receptors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v12101147
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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