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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Preparation of Elastic Macroporous Graphene Aerogel Based on Pickering Emulsion Method and Combination with ETPU for High Performance Piezoresistive Sensors
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Micromachines Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2023-10-05), p. 1904-
    Details
    In: Micromachines, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2023-10-05), p. 1904-
    Abstract: High-performance pressure sensors provide the necessary conditions for smart shoe applications. In this paper, the elastic Macroporous Graphene Aerogel (MGA) was synthesized via the modified Hummers’ method, and it was further combined with Expanded-Thermoplastic polyurethane (ETPU) particles to assemble MGA-ETPU flexible sensors. The MGA-ETPU has a low apparent density (3.02 mg/cm3), high conductivity (0.024 S/cm) and fast response time (50 ms). The MGA-ETPU has a large linear sensing range (0–10 kPa) and consists of two linear regions: the low-pressure region (0 to 8 kPa) and the high-pressure region (8 to 10 kPa), with sensitivities of 0.08 kPa−1, and 0.246 kPa−1, respectively. Mechanical test results show that the MGA-ETPU sensor showed 19% reduction in maximum stress after 400 loading–unloading compression cycles at 40% strain. Electrical performance tests showed that the resistance of MGA-ETPU sensor decreased by 12.5% when subjected to sudden compression at 82% strain and returned to its original state within 0.05 s. Compared to existing flexible sensors, the MGA-ETPU sensors offer excellent performance and several distinct advantages, including ease of fabrication, high sensitivity, fast response time, and good flexibility. These remarkable features make them ideally suited as flexible pressure sensors for smart shoes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-666X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/mi14101904
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2620864-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Microorganisms on Growth Performance, Body Composition, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Intestinal Bacteria Flora and Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP) Content of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens)
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Animals Vol. 13, No. 17 ( 2023-08-26), p. 2722-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 17 ( 2023-08-26), p. 2722-
    Abstract: Escherichia coli (EC), Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Bacillus subtilis (BS), Rhodopseudomonas palustris (RP), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) and Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) were selected as feed additives for black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) by tracking the growth performance, proximate composition, digestive ability and antibacterial peptides (AMPs) content in the first trial. Microorganism efficiency screening results showed that RP could improve growth performance, digestive ability and AMP content of H. illucens. Therefore, RP was selected to prepare the diets and was incorporated into diets for H. illucens at levels of 0 (R0), 1.22 × 106 (R1), 1.22 × 107 (R2), 1.22 × 108 (R3), 1.22 × 109 (R4) and 1.22 × 1010 (R5) CFU/g. After 5 d of feeding, larvae fed the R2-R5 diets had higher weight gain and specific growth rates. Different concentrations of RP had no significant effect on larval body composition. R4–R5 could improve the digestibility and expression of AMPs in larvae. Moreover, RP could significantly increase the abundance of Lactobacillus and Rhodopseudomonas and decrease the abundance of Proteus and Corynebacterium. Therefore, RP is superior to the other strains as a feed additive for H. illucens larvae, and we recommend the addition of 1.22 × 109–1.22 × 1010 CFU/g RP to promote the growth and AMP content of H. illucens.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani13172722
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Improving the Misalignment Tolerance of Wireless Power Transfer System for AUV with Solenoid-Dual Combined Planar Magnetic Coupler
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2023-08-09), p. 1571-
    Details
    In: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2023-08-09), p. 1571-
    Abstract: In order to solve the problem of power transmission efficiency reduction resulting from misalignment in the Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) system for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUVs), a novel coupling structure with strong tolerance to misalignment is proposed. A solenoid coil is selected as the transmitting coil, and the receiving coil is composed of dual combined planar coils. The WPT system can still maintain stable output under uncertain axial misalignments for AUVs. The magnetic field distribution of the proposed magnetic coupling structure is analyzed theoretically, and the distance between the coils in the dual combined planar receiving coil is optimized. The theoretical analysis shows that the proposed solenoid-dual combined planar coils coupling structure can effectively maintain a stable mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and receiving coil under different axial misalignments compared with solenoid-unipolar planar coil coupling structure. An S-S resonant compensated WPT experimental prototype is built to verify the output characteristics of the proposed magnetic coupling structure. Compared to the magnetic coupler with the unipolar planar coil, it is validated by experiment that the proposed magnetic coupler substantially enhances the stability of power transmission efficiency and output power when axial misalignment occurs. The power transmission efficiency decreases by 6.74% when axial misalignment increases from 0 to 40 mm in saltwater. Meanwhile, the variation of output power is less than 4.15%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-1312
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jmse11081571
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2738390-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ultra-Stable Temperature Controller-Based Laser Wavelength Locking for Improvement in WMS Methane Detection
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Sensors Vol. 23, No. 11 ( 2023-05-26), p. 5107-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 11 ( 2023-05-26), p. 5107-
    Abstract: In the wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) gas detection system, the laser diode is usually stabilized at a constant temperature and driven by current injection. So, a high-precision temperature controller is indispensable in every WMS system. To eliminate wavelength drift influence and improve detection sensitivity and response speed, laser wavelength sometimes needs to be locked at the gas absorption center. In this study, we develop a temperature controller to an ultra-high stability level of 0.0005 °C, based on which a new laser wavelength locking strategy is proposed to successfully lock the laser wavelength at a CH4 absorption center of 1653.72 nm with a fluctuation of fewer than 19.7 MHz. For 500 ppm CH4 sample detection, the 1σ SNR is increased from 71.2 dB to 80.5 dB and the peak-to-peak uncertainty is improved from 1.95 ppm down to 0.17 ppm with the help of a locked laser wavelength. In addition, the wavelength-locked WMS also has the absolute advantage of fast response over a conventional wavelength-scanned WMS system.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s23115107
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Inhibitory Effects of Breast Milk-Derived Lactobacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 on Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis by Restoration of the Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2021-03-30), p. 1143-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2021-03-30), p. 1143-
    Abstract: Chronic inflammation is a risk factor for colorectal cancer, and inflammatory cytokines secreted from inflammatory cells and active oxygen facilitate tumorigenesis. Intestinal bacteria are thought to regulate tumorigenesis. The longer the breastfeeding period, the lower is the risk of inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we investigated preventive effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus M9 (Probio-M9) on colitis-associated tumorigenesis. An inflammatory colorectal tumor model was established using a 6-week-old male C57BL/6NCrSlc mouse, which was intraperitoneally administered with azoxymethane (AOM: 12 mg/kg body weight). On weeks 2 and 4, 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was administered to mice for 7 days through drinking water. On weeks 8 and 10, Probio-M9 (2 × 109/day) was orally administered for 7 days. Animals were sacrificed at 20 weeks after AOM administration and immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting was performed. The α-diversity of microflora (Shannon index), principal coordinate analysis, and distribution of intestinal bacterium genera and metabolic pathways were compared. The AOM/DSS group showed weight loss, diarrhea, intestinal shortening, increased number of colon tumors, proliferating tumorigenesis, increased inflammation score, fibrosis, increased CD68+, or CD163+ macrophage cells in the subserosal layer of non-tumor areas. Inflammation and tumorigenesis ameliorated after Probio-M9 treatment. Fecal microbial functions were altered by AOM/DSS treatment. Probio-M9 significantly upregulated the fecal microbial diversity and reversed fecal microbial functions. Thus, Probio-M9 could suppress tumor formation in the large intestine by regulating the intestinal environment and ameliorating inflammation, suggesting its therapeutic potential for treatment of inflammation and colitis-associated tumorigenesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13041143
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Response of Bacterial Community Structure to Different Biochar Addition Dosages in Karst Yellow Soil Planted with Ryegrass and Daylily
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-03-09), p. 2124-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-03-09), p. 2124-
    Abstract: Biochar has been widely used to ameliorate soil quality and increase crop productivity through enhancement of nutrient availability and microbial community. The Karst yellow soil in China is characterized by severe soil degradation owing to intensive nutrient leaching. However, the biochar addition effects on the changes of Karst yellow soil are unclear, and the adequate number of biochar dosages to explain optimum of plant growth in this soil area remains poorly understood. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to examine the effects of biochar addition (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9% by weight; 0% as a control) on bacterial abundance and community structure via high-throughput sequencing coupled with bioinformatics methods applied to Karst yellow soil with planting ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and daylily (Hemerocallis fulva). After adding biochar for 188 days, significantly increased pH, soil organic matter, total nutrient contents, and bacterial abundance, but decreased available nitrogen, were observed. Changed bacterial community structures were found in biochar treatments compared with those without biochar. In both soils of planted ryegrass and daylily, the optimum soil bacterial abundance was found in 7% biochar dosage, but the lowest values were in the controls (0%). Taxonomic analysis identified that Micrococcaceae (24.53%), Oxalobacteraceae (11.87%), and Nocardioidaceae (7.89%) were the dominant family in the soil of ryegrass growth, and Micrococcaceae (16.20%), Xanthomonadaceae (6.94%), and Nocardioidaceae (6.41%) were the dominant family in soil of daylily growth. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the alterations of soil bacterial abundance and community were highly interrelated with soil chemical properties. The results provided a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the plant-soil microbe interactions and their responses to biochar dosages in low fertility soil regions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su12052124
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 7
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    An Arrhythmic Mutation E7K Facilitates TRPM4 Channel Activation via Enhanced PIP2 Interaction
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Cells Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2021-04-22), p. 983-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2021-04-22), p. 983-
    Abstract: A Ca2+-activated monovalent cation-selective TRPM4 channel is abundantly expressed in the heart. Recently, a single gain-of-function mutation identified in the distal N-terminus of the human TRPM4 channel (Glu5 to Lys5; E7K) was found to be arrhythmogenic because of enhanced cell membrane expression. In this study, we conducted detailed analyses of this mutant channel from more functional aspects, in comparison with its wild type (WT). In an expression system, intracellular application of a short soluble PIP2 (diC8PIP2) restored the single-channel activities of both WT and E7K, which had quickly faded after membrane excision. The potency (Kd) of diC8PIP2 for this recovery was stronger in E7K than its WT (1.44 vs. 2.40 μM). FRET-based PIP2 measurements combined with the Danio rerio voltage-sensing phosphatase (DrVSP) and patch clamping revealed that lowering the endogenous PIP2 level by DrVSP activation reduced the TRPM4 channel activity. This effect was less prominent in E7K than its WT (apparent Kd values estimated from DrVSP-mediated PIP2 depletion: 0.97 and 1.06 μM, respectively), being associated with the differential PIP2-mediated modulation of voltage dependence. Moreover, intracellular perfusion of short N-terminal polypeptides containing either the ‘WT’ or ‘E7K’ sequences respectively attenuated the TRPM4 channel activation at whole-cell and single-channel levels, but in both configurations, the E7K polypeptide exerted greater inhibitory effects. These results collectively suggest that N-terminal interaction with endogenous PIP2 is essential for the TRPM4 channel to function, the extent of which may be abnormally strengthened by the E7K mutation through modulating voltage-dependent activation. The altered PIP2 interaction may account for the arrhythmogenic potential of this mutation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells10050983
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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  • 8
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    Theoretical Investigation of the Mechanism by which A Gain-of-Function Mutation of the TRPM4 Channel Causes Conduction Block
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 16 ( 2021-08-07), p. 8513-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 16 ( 2021-08-07), p. 8513-
    Abstract: In the heart, TRPM4 is most abundantly distributed in the conduction system. Previously, a single mutation, ‘E7K’, was identified in its distal N-terminus to cause conduction disorder because of enhanced cell-surface expression. It remains, however, unclear how this expression increase leads to conduction failure rather than abnormally enhanced cardiac excitability. To address this issue theoretically, we mathematically formulated the gating kinetics of the E7K-mutant TRPM4 channel by a combined use of voltage jump analysis and ionomycin-perforated cell-attached recording technique and incorporated the resultant rate constants of opening and closing into a human Purkinje fiber single-cell action potential (AP) model (Trovato model) to perform 1D-cable simulations. The results from TRPM4 expressing HEK293 cells showed that as compared with the wild-type, the open state is much preferred in the E7K mutant with increased voltage-and Ca2+-sensitivities. These theoretical predictions were confirmed by power spectrum and single channel analyses of expressed wild-type and E7K-mutant TRPM4 channels. In our modified Trovato model, the facilitated opening of the E7K mutant channel markedly prolonged AP duration with concomitant depolarizing shifts of the resting membrane potential in a manner dependent on the channel density (or maximal activity). This was, however, little evident in the wild-type TRPM4 channel. Moreover, 1D-cable simulations with the modified Trovato model revealed that increasing the density of E7K (but not of wild-type) TRPM4 channels progressively reduced AP conduction velocity eventually culminating in complete conduction block. These results clearly suggest the brady-arrhythmogenicity of the E7K mutant channel which likely results from its pathologically enhanced activity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168513
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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