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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development and Evaluation of a Blocking Lateral Flow Assay Strip for Detection of Newcastle Disease Virus Antibodies
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Veterinary Sciences Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2023-02-13), p. 152-
    Details
    In: Veterinary Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2023-02-13), p. 152-
    Abstract: Newcastle disease (ND) is an acute septicemic infectious disease caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Considering that vaccination is currently the main modality for the prevention of ND, it is essential to assess the effectiveness of clinical immunization. In this study, we have developed a blocking lateral flow assay (bLFA) strip for the rapid detection of NDV antibodies using the monoclonal antibody 9C1 against haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN), which allows for the determination of an NDV-specific antibody titer within 10 min at room temperature. In addition, the bLFA strip has no cross-reactivity with the positive serum of other avian pathogens including avian influenza subtypes H5, H7, and H9, MD, IBD, IB, EDS, and avian adenovirus. The ability of the bLFA strip for detecting a neutralizing antibody was also estimated. The results showed that the chicken NDV hyperimmunized serum had a complete blocking (100%) titer of 11 log 2, and half-blocking titer of 13 log 2, which are 4 times less than and the same as that of the HI test (13 log 2), and 8 and 2 times less than that of the VN test (14 log 2), respectively. A total of 510 clinical samples were tested for NDV antibodies. The coincidence rate between the results of the bLFA strip and HI test was 97.65%. Therefore, it is an ideal alternative method for assessing the clinical immunity of ND vaccines in the field in real-time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2306-7381
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020152
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2768971-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Maternal Prenatal Inflammation Increases Brain Damage Susceptibility of Lipopolysaccharide in Adult Rat Offspring via COX-2/PGD-2/DPs Pathway Activation
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 11 ( 2022-05-30), p. 6142-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 11 ( 2022-05-30), p. 6142-
    Abstract: A growing body of research suggests that inflammatory insult contributes to the etiology of central nervous system diseases, such as depression, Alzheimer’s disease, and so forth. However, the effect of prenatal systemic inflammation exposure on offspring brain development and cerebral susceptibility to inflammatory insult remains unknown. In this study, we utilized the prenatal inflammatory insult model in vivo and the neuronal damage model in vitro. The results obtained show that prenatal maternal inflammation exacerbates LPS-induced memory impairment, neuronal necrosis, brain inflammatory response, and significantly increases protein expressions of COX-2, DP2, APP, and Aβ, while obviously decreasing that of DP1 and the exploratory behaviors of offspring rats. Meloxicam significantly inhibited memory impairment, neuronal necrosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response, and down-regulated the expressions of APP, Aβ, COX-2, and DP2, whereas significantly increased exploring behaviors and the expression of DP1 in vivo. Collectively, these findings suggested that maternal inflammation could cause offspring suffering from inflammatory and behavioral disorders and increase the susceptibility of offspring to cerebral pathological factors, accompanied by COX-2/PGD-2/DPs pathway activation, which could be ameliorated significantly by COX-2 inhibitor meloxicam treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116142
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Salt Leaching with Brackish Water during Growing Season Improves Cotton Growth and Productivity, Water Use Efficiency and Soil Sustainability in Southern Xinjiang
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Water Vol. 13, No. 18 ( 2021-09-21), p. 2602-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 18 ( 2021-09-21), p. 2602-
    Abstract: Low water use efficiency and soil salinization are two main factors limiting cotton production in southern Xinjiang. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of brackish water irrigation levels on cotton growth, yield and soil water–salt dynamics in southern Xinjiang, so as to provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the development and utilization of brackish water. There were three irrigation levels: W1 (75 mm + 80%ETc), W2 (150 mm + 80%ETc) and W3 (240 mm + 80%ETc) at the seeding stage (S1), seeding stage + budding stage (S2) and seeding stage + budding stage + flowering stage (S3), with an irrigation amount of 450 mm during spring as the CK (the local reference level) (10 treatments in total). The salt of the local brackish water used was 3 g·L−1. Film-mulched drip irrigation experiments were conducted to observe cotton growth, aboveground dry matter, cotton yield, soil water and salt distribution, as well as other indicators. The results showed that the irrigation applications of S3 can improve the soil moisture and salt distribution of the root zone. The salt accumulation at the harvest stage of W3S3 was reduced by 39.5% and 2.8% compared with W3S1 and W3S2, respectively. More frequent irrigation applications can reduce a soil’s total dissolved solids (TDS), avoid exceeding the salt tolerance threshold of 4.8 g kg−1 and lead to higher aboveground dry matter and cotton yields. W3S3 obtained the highest yield of 5685 kg ha−1, which was increased by 39.59%, 7.85% and 11.25% compared with W3S1, W3S2 and CK, respectively. The higher the irrigation amount, the less water use efficiency (WUE), following the order of S3 〉 S2 〉 S1 〉 CK at various growth stages. W3S1 obtained the lowest WUE of 0.64 kg·m−3. Comprehensively considering the effects of soil moisture retention and salt suppression, cotton growth, yield and water use efficiency, an irrigation amount of 240 mm brackish water at three growth stages, with 80%ETc for irrigation, is recommended for the sustainable production of cotton in southern Xinjiang.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w13182602
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Melittin Tryptophan Substitution with a Fluorescent Amino Acid Reveals the Structural Basis of Selective Antitumor Effect and Subcellular Localization in Tumor Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Toxins Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2022-06-22), p. 428-
    Details
    In: Toxins, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2022-06-22), p. 428-
    Abstract: Melittin is a membrane-active peptide with strong anticancer activity against various cancers. Despite decades of research, the role of the singular Trp in the anticancer activity and selectivity of melittin remains poorly understood. Here, we propose a theranostic solution based on the substitution of Trp19 with a noncanonical fluorescent amino acid (DapAMCA). The introduction of DapAMCA residue in melittin stabilized the helical structure of the peptide, as evaluated by circular dichroism spectra and molecular dynamics simulations. In vitro hemolytic and anticancer activity assays revealed that introducing DapAMCA residue in melittin changed its mode of action with the cell membrane, resulting in reduced hemolytic toxicity and an improved the selectivity index (SI), with up to a five-fold increase compared to melittin. In vitro fluorescence imaging of DapAMCA-labeled melittin (MELFL) in cancer cells demonstrated high membrane-penetrating activity, with strong nuclear and nucleolar localization ability. These findings provide implications for novel anticancer therapies based on Trp-substituted designs and nuclear/nucleolar targeted therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6651
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/toxins14070428
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518395-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Differential Responses to Climate and Land-Use Changes in Threatened Chinese Taxus Species
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Forests Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2019-09-04), p. 766-
    Details
    In: Forests, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2019-09-04), p. 766-
    Abstract: Rapid climate and land-use changes have been considered as the foremost threat to global biodiversity. China contains more than 3500 threatened higher plants, whereas the relative influence of climate and land-use changes on these endangered plants have not been explored simultaneously under topographical constraints. Here, using Taxus plants as the case study genus, we simulated the distribution range of threatened species under three scenarios of current and future climate and land-use conditions under topographical constraints. We also measured the associated difference in the responses of Taxus species to climate and land-use changes. Our results demonstrated the substantial influence of climate and land-use changes on the distributions of Taxus species. However, we observed different responses of Taxus species to these environmental changes. The distribution range of T. cuspidate Siebold & Zuccarini and T. mairei Lemee & H. Léveillé would substantially shrink, whereas the habitat range of T. fuana Nan Li & R. R. Mill would sharply expand under RCP 8.5(Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios) scenario. Meanwhile, T. wallichiana Zuccarini and T. chinensis (Pilger) Florin would experience apparent range shifts. Furthermore, topographical factors played non-negligible roles in shaping species distributions, and modifying the influence of climate and land-use changes. Together, these results provide robust evidence that even threatened species will have multiple responses to climate and land-use changes (e.g., shrinking, expanding, shifting). Our findings highlight that taking species ecological traits, habitat characteristics, and topographical constraints into account might provide valuable insights into threatened species conservation in the face of global environmental changes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4907
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/f10090766
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527081-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Relationship between Tree Richness and Temporary Stability of Plant Communities: A Case Study of a Forest in Northeast China
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Forests Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2021-12-13), p. 1756-
    Details
    In: Forests, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2021-12-13), p. 1756-
    Abstract: The relationship between diversity and stability is a classic issue in ecology, but no general consensus has been achieved. To address this relationship, a field survey of a forest in Northeast China was conducted. The temporary stability was defined from the perspective of community characteristics. The results showed that communities with the highest temporary stability value were characterized by a single dominant species. A significant linear relationship with a low R2 value was observed between temporary stability and tree richness. When dominant and non-dominant tree species were studied, no significant linear relationship was obtained between temporary stability and non-dominant tree richness. However, the relationship between temporary stability and dominant tree richness was significant with a high R2 value, and the temporary stability decreased with increasing dominant tree richness. This study demonstrates that dominant tree richness is closely related to temporary stability, and temporary stability can serve as a stability indicator. The results provide a new perspective for understanding stability and additional information for revealing the relationship between diversity and stability in forest ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4907
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/f12121756
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527081-3
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Changes in the Prevalence of Induced Abortion in the Floating Population in Major Cities of China 2007–2014
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 16, No. 18 ( 2019-09-09), p. 3305-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 18 ( 2019-09-09), p. 3305-
    Abstract: Objective: Our aim was to assess the changes in induced abortion in different migrant groups in China between 2007 and 2014 and the contraceptive methods used prior to induced abortion. Methods: The studies of two population-based cross sections were conducted in urban China, involving 9146 sexually active migrant women. Within the selected sociodemographic subgroups, the changes in the percentage of women who had induced abortions, the proportion of pregnancies ending in induced abortions, the causes of induced abortions, and the methods of contraception were identified. A chi-squared test was used to calculate the differences in induced abortion in the subgroups. Results: Between 2007 and 2014, in the study groups from the major cities of China, the percentage of sexually active migrant women who had induced abortions increased 10.1%, from 21.8% to 24.0%. The proportion of pregnancies ending in induced abortions increased 23.7%, from 21.5% to 26.6%. Both of the aforementioned statistics increased significantly within most of the selected sociodemographic subgroups, especially in the 18–19 and 45–49 age groups. Over 50% of pregnancies were aborted in the cohabiting group, although this figure declined by 12.3% over the course of the seven-year study period. Contraceptive failure was the primary cause of induced abortion, although its contribution to induced abortion declined from 51.3% to 42.4%. The proportion of women not using contraception prior to induced abortion increased from 30.9% to 41.2%. Conclusion: The prevalence of induced abortion is high and continues to increase among sexually active migrant women in China. An increasing trend is forecasted over the next few decades. Special attention should be paid to the younger cohort of migrant women, especially 18–19-year-olds, and unmarried cohabitants, who are increasingly seeking induced abortions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183305
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    The Other Side: How does Informed Choice Affect Induced Abortions among Reproductive-Age Immigrant Women in China—A Cross-Sectional Study
    MDPI AG ; 2016
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2016-10-24), p. 1038-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2016-10-24), p. 1038-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13101038
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Improving the Synthesis Efficiency of Amino Acids Such as L-Lysine by Assembling Artificial Cellulosome Elements Dockerin Protein In Vivo
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Fermentation Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2022-10-25), p. 578-
    Details
    In: Fermentation, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2022-10-25), p. 578-
    Abstract: Cellulosome is a highly efficient multi-enzyme self-assembly system and is found on the extracellular surface or in the free environment of microorganisms. However, with a lack of Ca2+ in vivo, cellulosome assembly is challenging. In this study, a novel design method was used to directionally modify the Ca2+-binding site, and four double-site dockerin A (DocA) mutants were obtained. At a Ca2+ concentration between 1.00 × 10−7 and 1.00 × 10−4 M, the mutant DocA-D3 had the strongest binding capacity to cohesion (Coh), which was 8.01 times that of DocA. The fluorescence signal intensity of the fusion proteins assembled using mutants was up to 1.26 × 107 in Escherichia coli, which indicated that these mutants could interact with Coh in vivo. The molecular dynamics simulation results showed that DocA-D3 could maintain a stable angle structure without Ca2+, and when applied to L-lysine fermentation, the yield was increased by 24.1%; when applied to β-alanine fermentation, the product accumulation was increased by 2.13–2.63 times. These findings lay the foundation for assembly design in cells.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-5637
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8110578
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813985-9
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  • 10
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    Energy-Efficient Hybrid Flowshop Scheduling with Consistent Sublots Using an Improved Cooperative Coevolutionary Algorithm
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Mathematics Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2022-12-25), p. 77-
    Details
    In: Mathematics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2022-12-25), p. 77-
    Abstract: Energy conservation, emission reduction, and green and low carbon are of great significance to sustainable development, and are also the theme of the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. This paper concentrates on studying the energy-efficient hybrid flowshop scheduling problem with consistent sublots (HFSP_ECS) with the objective of minimizing the energy consumption. To solve the problem, the HFSP_ECS is decomposed by the idea of “divide-and-conquer”, resulting in three coupled subproblems, i.e., lot sequence, machine assignment, and lot split, which can be solved by using a cooperative methodology. Thus, an improved cooperative coevolutionary algorithm (vCCEA) is proposed by integrating the variable neighborhood descent (VND) strategy. In the vCCEA, considering the problem-specific characteristics, a two-layer encoding strategy is designed to represent the essential information, and a novel collaborative model is proposed to realize the interaction between subproblems. In addition, special neighborhood structures are designed for different subproblems, and two kinds of enhanced neighborhood structures are proposed to search for potential promising solutions. A collaborative population restart mechanism is established to ensure the population diversity. The computational results show that vCCEA can coordinate and solve each subproblem of HFSP_ECS effectively, and outperform the mathematical programming and the other state-of-the-art algorithms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-7390
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/math11010077
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704244-3
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