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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 Supplementation Improves Glycemic Control in Prediabetic Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 7 ( 2021-07-08), p. 2337-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 7 ( 2021-07-08), p. 2337-
    Abstract: A recent animal study demonstrated that administration of Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 isolated from Korean kimchi improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetic mice. In the present study, we evaluated Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01’s effects on metabolic parameters of prediabetic human subjects. Forty subjects with isolated impaired glucose tolerance were randomly assigned to receive a daily placebo (n = 20) or a dose of Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 (n = 20) over eight weeks. The primary endpoint was a change in 2 h postprandial glucose (2h-PPG) levels and the secondary endpoints were assessment of other glucose metabolism parameters, including HbA1c, gut microbiota composition, and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The group with a diet supplemented with Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 saw a significant reduction in 2h-PPG and HbA1c levels compared to the placebo group. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, QUICKI, microbiota composition, and fecal SCFAs, however, were not significantly altered. No serious adverse effects were reported. This is the first clinical trial to show a beneficial effect of single-strain probiotic supplementation administered over eight weeks on HbA1c levels in prediabetic subjects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13072337
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 2
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    Chemopreventive Activity of Ellagitannins from Acer pseudosieboldianum (Pax) Komarov Leaves on Prostate Cancer Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Plants Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2023-02-24), p. 1047-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2023-02-24), p. 1047-
    Abstract: Several studies have shown that compounds from Acer pseudosieboldianum (Pax) Komarov leaves (APL) display potent anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative activities. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer among older men, and DNA methylation is associated with PCa progression. This study aimed to investigate the chemopreventive activities of the compounds which were isolated from APL on prostate cancer cells and elucidate the mechanisms of these compounds in relation to DNA methylation. One novel ellagitannin [komaniin (14)] and thirteen other known compounds, including glucose derivatives [ethyl-β-D-glucopyranose (3) and (4R)-p-menth-1-ene-7,8-diol 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4)] , one phenylpropanoid [junipetrioloside A (5)], three phenolic acid derivatives [ellagic acid-4-β-D-xylopyranoside (1), 4-O-galloyl-quinic acid (2), and gallic acid (8)] , two flavonoids [quercetin (11) and kaempferol (12)], and five hydrolysable tannins [geraniin (6), punicafolin (7), granatin B (9), 1,2,3,4,6-penta-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), and mallotusinic acid (13)] were isolated from APL. The hydrolyzable tannins (6, 7, 9, 10, 13, and 14) showed potent anti-PCa proliferative and apoptosis-promoting activities. Among the compounds, the ellagitannins in the dehydrohexahydroxydiphenoyl (DHHDP) group (6, 9, 13, and 14), the novel compound 14 showed the most potent inhibitory activity on DNA methyltransferase (DNMT1, 3a and 3b) and glutathione S-transferase P1 methyl removing and re-expression activities. Thus, our results suggested that the ellagitannins (6, 9, 13, and 14) isolated from APL could be a promising treatment option for PCa.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants12051047
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 3
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    Structural and Biochemical Analysis of the Recombination Mediator Protein RecR from Campylobacter jejuni
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 16 ( 2023-08-18), p. 12947-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 16 ( 2023-08-18), p. 12947-
    Abstract: The recombination mediator complex RecFOR, consisting of the RecF, RecO, and RecR proteins, is needed to initiate homologous recombination in bacteria by positioning the recombinase protein RecA on damaged DNA. Bacteria from the phylum Campylobacterota, such as the pathogen Campylobacter jejuni, lack the recF gene and trigger homologous recombination using only RecR and RecO. To elucidate the functional properties of C. jejuni RecR (cjRecR) in recombination initiation that differ from or are similar to those in RecF-expressing bacteria, we determined the crystal structure of cjRecR and performed structure-based binding analyses. cjRecR forms a rectangular ring-like tetrameric structure and coordinates a zinc ion using four cysteine residues, as observed for RecR proteins from RecF-expressing bacteria. However, the loop of RecR that has been shown to recognize RecO and RecF in RecF-expressing bacteria is substantially shorter in cjRecR as a canonical feature of Campylobacterota RecR proteins, indicating that cjRecR lost a part of the loop in evolution due to the lack of RecF and has a low RecO-binding affinity. Furthermore, cjRecR features a larger positive patch and exhibits substantially higher ssDNA-binding affinity than RecR from RecF-expressing bacteria. Our study provides a framework for a deeper understanding of the RecOR-mediated recombination pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612947
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Superfine Marigold Powder Improves the Quality of Sponge Cake: Lutein Fortification, Texture, and Sensory Properties
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Foods Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2023-01-22), p. 508-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2023-01-22), p. 508-
    Abstract: This study aimed to investigate and optimize the quality and sensory properties of baked products with lutein-enriched marigold flower powder (MP). Lutein-enriched marigold flowers produced via hydroponic methods using LED lights were used as a functional material in sponge cakes to increase lutein content. MP particles were divided into coarse (Dv50 = 315 μm), fine (Dv50 = 119 μm), and superfine MP (Dv50 = 10 μm) fractions and added to the sponge cake after being designated to control (sponge cake prepared without MP), coarse MPS (sponge cake prepared with coarse MP), fine MPS (sponge cake prepared with fine MP), and superfine MPS (sponge cake prepared with superfine MP) groups. The sizes and surface properties of superfine MP particles were more homogeneous and smoother than the other samples. As the particle size decreased, the specific volume increased, whereas baking loss, hardness, and chewiness of the sponge cake decreased. Superfine MP and superfine MPS had the highest lutein content. The flavor of marigold and the overall acceptability of sponge cake with superfine MP were 7.90 ± 0.97 and 7.55 ± 0.76, which represents the highest values among the samples. The results of this study have shown that jet milling can contribute to improvements in texture, lutein content, and sensory qualities for baked products with MP.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods12030508
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704223-6
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    A Pulsed Electric Field Accelerates the Mass Transfer during the Convective Drying of Carrots: Drying and Rehydration Kinetics, Texture, and Carotenoid Content
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Foods Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2023-01-30), p. 589-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2023-01-30), p. 589-
    Abstract: The pulsed electric field (PEF) is a non-thermal food processing technology that induces electroporation of the cell membrane thus improving mass transfer through the cell membrane. In this study, the drying and rehydration kinetics, microstructure, and carotenoid content of carrot (Daucus carota) pretreated by PEF during convective drying at 50 °C were investigated. The PEF treatment was conducted with different field strengths (1.0–2.5 kV/cm) using a fixed pulse width of 20 µs and at a pulse frequency of 50 Hz. The PEF 2.5 kV/cm showed the shortest drying time, taking 180 min, whereas the control required 330 min for the same moisture ratio, indicating a 45% reduction in drying time. The rehydration ability also increased as the strengths of PEF increased. PEF 2.5 kV/cm resulted in 27.58% increase in moisture content compared to the control after rehydration (1 h). Three mathematical models were applied to the drying and rehydration data; the Page and Peleg models were selected as the most appropriate models to describe the drying and rehydration kinetics, respectively. The cutting force of the sample was decreased as the strength of PEF increased, and a more homogeneous cellular structure was observed in the PEF pretreatment group. The reduction in drying time by PEF was beneficial to the carotenoid content, and PEF 2.5 kV/cm showed the highest preservation content of carotenoid. Overall, these results suggested that the pretreatment of PEF and the drying and rehydration rate influence the quality of products, functional components, and cellular structure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods12030589
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704223-6
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  • 6
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    Zinc Deficiency Induces Autophagy in HT-22 Mouse Hippocampal Neuronal Cell Line
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 15 ( 2022-08-08), p. 8811-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 15 ( 2022-08-08), p. 8811-
    Abstract: Zinc is a trace metal vital for various functions in nerve cells, although the effect of zinc deficiency on neuronal autophagy remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate whether zinc deficiency induced by treatment with N, N, N′, N′-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine (TPEN), a zinc chelator, affects and alters autophagy activity. In cell viability assays, TPEN showed cytotoxicity in HT-22 cells. TPEN treatment also increased LC3-II levels and the ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I. Western blot analysis showed that phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase levels and the ratio of phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase to total AMP-activated protein kinase increased. Protein levels of the mammalian target of rapamycin and sirtuin 1 decreased following TPEN treatment. When TPEN-treated HT-22 cells were cotreated with autophagy inhibitors, 3-methyladenine (1 mM), or bafilomycin A1 (3 nM), the TPEN-induced decrease in cell viability was exacerbated. Cotreatment with chloroquine (10 μM) partially restored cell viability. The study showed that zinc deficiency induces autophagy and may be cytoprotective in neurons. We expect our results to add a new perspective to our understanding of the neuronal pathology related to zinc deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158811
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Translational Models in Glioma Immunotherapy Research
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Current Oncology Vol. 30, No. 6 ( 2023-06-11), p. 5704-5718
    Details
    In: Current Oncology, MDPI AG, Vol. 30, No. 6 ( 2023-06-11), p. 5704-5718
    Abstract: Immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic domain for the treatment of gliomas. However, clinical trials of various immunotherapeutic modalities have not yielded significant improvements in patient survival. Preclinical models for glioma research should faithfully represent clinically observed features regarding glioma behavior, mutational load, tumor interactions with stromal cells, and immunosuppressive mechanisms. In this review, we dive into the common preclinical models used in glioma immunology, discuss their advantages and disadvantages, and highlight examples of their utilization in translational research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1718-7729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30060428
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2270777-3
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  • 8
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    Single-Center Experience of Parathyroidectomy Using Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Monitoring
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Medicina Vol. 58, No. 10 ( 2022-10-16), p. 1464-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 58, No. 10 ( 2022-10-16), p. 1464-
    Abstract: Background and Objectives: Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is a rare endocrine disease associated with the elevated metabolism of calcium, vitamin D, and phosphate by the hyperfunctioning of the parathyroid glands. Here, we report our experience of parathyroidectomy using intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) monitoring in a single tertiary hospital. Materials and Methods: From October 2018 to January 2022, a total of 47 patients underwent parathyroidectomy for HPT. We classified the patients into two groups—primary HPT (PHPT, n = 37) and renal HPT (RHPT, n = 10)—and then reviewed the patients’ data, including their general characteristics, laboratory results, and perioperative complications. Results: Thirty-five of the thirty-seven patients in the PHPT group underwent focused parathyroidectomy, while all ten patients in the RHPT group underwent subtotal parathyroidectomy. IOPTH monitoring based on the Milan criteria was used in all cases. Preoperative and 2-week, 6-month, and 12-month postoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were within the normal range in the PHPT group, whereas they were higher than normal in the RHPT group. Transient hypocalcemia occurred only in the RHPT group, with calcium levels returning to normal levels 12 months after surgery. Conclusions: Parathyroidectomy with IOPTH monitoring in our hospital showed favorable clinical outcomes. However, owing to the small number of patients due to the low frequency of parathyroid disease, long-term, prospective studies are needed in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101464
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 9
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    Effects of Urban Forest Therapy Program on Depression Patients
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2022-12-28), p. 507-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2022-12-28), p. 507-
    Abstract: Depression is a common serious mental health condition that can have negative personal and social consequences, and managing it is critical for treating depression patients. Forest therapy is emerging as a promising non-pharmacological intervention to improve mental health. However, although the effectiveness of forest therapy programs using forests far from the city has been proven, it is not well known that urban forests can be easily accessed in daily life. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of an urban forest therapy program on depression symptoms, sleep quality, and somatization symptoms of depression patients. To evaluate this, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design was employed. A total of 47 depression patients participated in this study (22 in the urban forest therapy program group and 25 in the control group). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) were administered to each participant to assess the effects of the urban forest therapy program. The results of this study revealed that depression patients in the urban forest therapy program had significantly alleviated depression symptoms and improved sleep quality and somatization symptoms compared to the control group. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the possibility that the urban forest therapy program could be used as an effective non-pharmacological treatment to alleviate depression disorder.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010507
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 10
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    A Real-World Comparative Analysis of Lenvatinib and Sorafenib as a Salvage Therapy for Transarterial Treatments in Unresectable HCC
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2020-12-21), p. 4121-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2020-12-21), p. 4121-
    Abstract: Background/Aims: Lenvatinib was recently approved as a first-line oral multikinase inhibitor for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib and sorafenib for the treatment of unresectable HCC in patients with prior failure of transarterial treatment. Methods: Between January 2019 and September 2020, 98 unresectable HCC patients treated with lenvatinib or sorafenib as salvage therapy were enrolled from five Korean university-affiliated hospitals. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate were calculated to assess the antitumor response. Results: A total of 43 and 55 patients were treated with lenvatinib and sorafenib, respectively, as salvage therapy after the failure of transarterial treatments. The median PFS was 4.97 months in the lenvatinib group and 2.47 months in the sorafenib group (p = 0.001, log-rank test). The ORR was significantly higher in the lenvatinib group (25.6%) than in the sorafenib group (3.6%, p = 0.002). Use of lenvatinib over sorafenib (hazard ratio: 0.359, 95% confidence interval: 0.203–0.635, p 〈 0.001) was the most significant factor for a favorable PFS after the failure of transarterial treatments in all enrolled patients. For favorable OS, achieving objective response was the significant factor (hazard ratio 0.356, 95% confidence interval: 0.132–0.957, p = 0.041). There were no significant differences in the safety profile between the two groups. Conclusions: In this real-world study, lenvatinib was demonstrated to be more efficacious than sorafenib as a salvage therapy for transarterial treatments in unresectable HCC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124121
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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