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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clinical and Prognostic Values of TRPM7 in Colon and Rectal Cancers
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Medicina Vol. 58, No. 11 ( 2022-11-02), p. 1582-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 58, No. 11 ( 2022-11-02), p. 1582-
    Abstract: Background and Objectives: Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) is a unique channel protein, and functionally responsible for transportation of calcium and magnesium. Physiologically, the TRPM7 channel is involved in homeostasis of calcium and magnesium, and cell survival. TRPM7 expression is up-regulated in many cancers as malignant behaviors of cancer cells, and its deficiency suppresses their growth. Materials and Methods: In this study, we aimed to analyze clinical and prognostic characteristics of TRPM7 expression in colorectal cancers (CRC) using The Cancer Genome Atlas. Results: High expression of TRPM7 was observed in younger patients with rectal cancer (p = 0.0002). By quantitative correlation analysis, TRPM7 was negatively correlated with age (R = −0.239, p = 0.003) and p53 (R = −0.240, p = 0.002). Furthermore, it was positively correlated with APC expression (R = 0.534, p 〈 0.001) and KRAS expression (R = 0.319, p 〈 0.001). In colon cancer, there were no variables that showed a significant correlation with TRPM7. Survival analysis found that TRPM7 expression did not have any prognostic value in colon and rectal cancers. Conclusions: Our study highlights that TRPM7 expression in CRC, particularly in rectal cancer, may be a potential marker. Future studies are needed to provide deeper insights into the role of TRPM7 in rectal cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111582
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clinical Value of EZH2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Its Potential for Target Therapy
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Medicina Vol. 58, No. 2 ( 2022-01-20), p. 155-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 58, No. 2 ( 2022-01-20), p. 155-
    Abstract: Background and objectives: EZH2 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is correlated with poor prognosis. However, its clinical significance and molecular mechanism have not been studied in HCC. In this study, clinical and prognostic values of EZH2 was studied using Total Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and then, these data were confirmed in Huh1 and HepG2 cell lines. Materials and Methods: We used the TCGA database from cBioPortal. In addition, we analyzed EZH2 mRNA levels in HCC cell lines and its correlation with STAT3 and EZH2. Results: According to TCGA, EZH2 had a prognostic value in various cancers, especially in HCC. Furthermore, EZH2 in HCC was correlated with N stage (p = 0.045) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) 〉 20 ng/mL (p 〈 0.01). However, a negative association between EZH2 and age (p = 0.027) was found. The overall survival result of HCC was significantly poorer in patients with high EZH2 expression. In addition, the recurrence rate was also significantly higher in patients with high expression of EZH2 than those with low expression (χ2 = 16.10, p 〈 0.001). EZH2 expression was negatively correlated with STAT3 expression among EZH2-associated genes (R = −0.163, p = 0.002). EZH2 expression level was down-regulated to 50% or less compared to the control group treated negative siRNA. MTT assays showed that EZH2-siRNA affected on the viability of HCC cell line significantly. Conclusions: In conclusion, the overexpression of EZH2 was an independent biomarker for poor outcomes of HCC. However, more in vivo studies are required to identify the downstream target genes in HCC to improve our understanding of the biological role of EZH2 in HCC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina58020155
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Discovery of Novel Dual Adenosine A2A and A1 Receptor Antagonists with 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-amine Core Scaffold as Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Agents
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Pharmaceuticals Vol. 15, No. 8 ( 2022-07-25), p. 922-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceuticals, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 8 ( 2022-07-25), p. 922-
    Abstract: New compounds with 1H-pyrazolo [3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-amine core scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in vitro to determine their affinity for human A2A and A1 receptors. Among the tested compounds, a few compounds displayed nanomolar binding affinities for both receptors. One particular compound, 11o, showed high binding activities (hA2A Ki = 13.3 nM; hA1 Ki = 55 nM) and full antagonism (hA2A IC50 = 136 nM; hA1 IC50 = 98.8 nM) toward both receptors. Further tests showed that 11o has low hepatic clearance and good pharmacokinetic properties in mice, along with high bioavailability and a high brain plasma ratio. In addition, 11o was associated with very low cardiovascular risk and mutagenic potential, and was well-tolerated in rats and dogs. When tested in an MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease, 11o tended to improve behavior. Moreover, 11o dose-dependently reversed haloperidol-induced catalepsy in female rats, with graded ED50 of between 3 and 10 mg/kg. Taken together, these results suggest that this potent dual A2A/A1 receptor antagonist, 11o, is a good candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease with an excellent metabolic and safety profile.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8247
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ph15080922
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2193542-7
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Consensus Definition of Blood Samples from the Subcategorized Normal Controls in the Korea Biobank Network
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2023-04-24), p. 3080-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2023-04-24), p. 3080-
    Abstract: A control group is defined as a group of people used for comparison. Depending on the type of study, it can be a group of healthy people or a group not exposed to risk factors. It is important to allow researchers to select the appropriate control participants. The Korea Biobank Project-sponsored biobanks are affiliated with the Korea Biobank Network (KBN), for which the National Biobank of Korea plays a central coordinating role among KBN biobanks. KBN organized several working groups to address new challenges and needs in biobanking. The “Normal Healthy Control Working Group” developed standardized criteria for three defined control groups, namely, normal, normal-plus, and disease-specific controls. Based on the consensus on the definition of a normal control, we applied the criteria for normal control participants to retrospective data. The main reason for exclusion from the “Normal-plus” group was blood test results beyond 5% of the reference range, including hypercholesterolemia. Subclassification of samples of normal controls by detailed criteria will help researchers select optimal normal controls for their studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093080
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comprehensive Analysis of NKX3.2 in Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Bigdata
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Medicina Vol. 59, No. 10 ( 2023-10-06), p. 1782-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 59, No. 10 ( 2023-10-06), p. 1782-
    Abstract: Background and Objectives: The gene NKX3.2 plays a role in determining cell fate during development, and mutations of NKX3.2 have been studied in relation to human skeletal diseases. However, due to the lack of studies on the link between NKX3.2 and cancer, we aimed to provide insights into NKX3.2 as a new prognostic biomarker for liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). Materials and Methods: The clinical significance of LIHC was investigated using open gene expression databases. We comprehensively analyzed NKX3.2 expression in LIHC using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), and Kaplan–Meier plotter databases. Then, we investigated the association between NKX3.2 expression and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Results: NKX3.2 expression was higher in the primary tumor group compared to the normal group, and expression was higher in fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) compared to other subtypes. When the prognostic value of NKX3.2 was evaluated, highly expressed NKX3.2 significantly improved the overall survival and had an unfavorable prognosis. In addition, NKX3.2 expression was associated with immune cell infiltration. Patients with low gene expression and high macrophage expression had a poorer survival rate than those with low NKX3.2 and low macrophage expression (p = 0.0309). Conclusions: High NKX3.2 expression may induce poorer prognosis in LIHC. In addition, these findings can be used as basic data due to the lack of available related research. However, further in vivo studies are essential to gain a deeper understanding of the biological role of NKX3.2 in LIHC and its potential implications for cancer development and progression.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101782
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clinicopathological and Prognostic Characteristics of RAD51 in Colorectal Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Medicina Vol. 56, No. 2 ( 2020-01-21), p. 48-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 56, No. 2 ( 2020-01-21), p. 48-
    Abstract: Background and Objectives: RAD51 plays an essential role in DNA repair via homologous recombination. RAD51 facilitates strand transfer between interrupted sequences and their undamaged homologies. Therefore, we studied the RAD51 mRNA expression levels in colorectal cancer (CRC), and evaluated the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of RAD51. Materials and Methods: The RAD51 expression was examined in 48 CRCs and paired adjacent non-tumor tissues. We further evaluated the survival to determine the prognostic value of RAD51 in our CRC and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. Results: We confirmed that the RAD51 expression in tumor tissues, compared with that of paired non-tumor tissues, was upregulated 2.5-fold. Additionally, the RAD51 expression was significantly associated with the T stage (p = 0.027). According to a higher T stage, the RAD51 expression showed an increasing trend. However, the RAD51 expression did not show a prognostic value statistically. Conclusions: We confirmed that RAD51 was upregulated in tumors and was significantly associated with the T stage. Although there was no statistically significant prognostic value found in our samples and TGCA data, our study will provide new insight for RAD51 in CRC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina56020048
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Coffee Consumption, Genetic Polymorphisms, and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pooled Analysis of Four Prospective Cohort Studies
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 17, No. 15 ( 2020-07-26), p. 5379-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 15 ( 2020-07-26), p. 5379-
    Abstract: The association between coffee consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes may vary by genetic variants. Our study addresses the question of whether the incidence of type 2 diabetes is related to the consumption of coffee and whether this relationship is modified by polymorphisms related to type 2 diabetes. We performed a pooled analysis of four Korean prospective studies that included 71,527 participants; median follow-up periods ranged between 2 and 13 years. All participants had completed a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for type 2 diabetes were calculated using logistic regression models. The ORs were combined using a fixed or random effects model depending on the heterogeneity across the studies. Compared with 0 to 〈 0.5 cups/day of coffee consumption, the OR for type 2 diabetes was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80–0.98, p for trend = 0.01) for ≥3 cups/day of coffee consumption. We did not observe significant interactions by five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to type 2 diabetes (CDKAL1 rs7756992, CDKN2A/B rs10811661, KCNJ11 rs5215, KCNQ1 rs163184, and PEPD rs3786897) in the association between coffee and the risk of type 2 diabetes. We found that coffee consumption was inversely associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155379
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Dentin Wetness on the Bond Strength of Universal Adhesives
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Materials Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2017-10-25), p. 1224-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2017-10-25), p. 1224-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma10111224
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interactions of Habitual Coffee Consumption by Genetic Polymorphisms with the Risk of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Combined
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2020-07-26), p. 2228-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2020-07-26), p. 2228-
    Abstract: Habitual coffee consumption and its association with health outcomes may be modified by genetic variation. Adults aged 40 to 69 years who participated in the Korea Association Resource (KARE) study were included in this study. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on coffee consumption in 7868 Korean adults, and examined whether the association between coffee consumption and the risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes combined was modified by the genetic variations in 4054 adults. In the GWAS for coffee consumption, a total of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in 12q24.11-13 (rs2074356, rs11066015, rs12229654, rs11065828, and rs79105258) were selected and used to calculate weighted genetic risk scores. Individuals who had a larger number of minor alleles for these five SNPs had higher genetic risk scores. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to examine the association. During the 12 years of follow-up, a total of 2468 (60.9%) and 480 (11.8%) participants were diagnosed as prediabetes or type 2 diabetes, respectively. Compared with non-black-coffee consumers, the OR (95% CI) for ≥2 cups/day by black-coffee consumers was 0.61 (0.38–0.95; p for trend = 0.023). Similarly, sugared coffee showed an inverse association. We found a potential interaction by the genetic variations related to black-coffee consumption, suggesting a stronger association among individuals with higher genetic risk scores compared to those with lower scores; the ORs (95% CIs) were 0.36 (0.15–0.88) for individuals with 5 to 10 points and 0.87 (0.46–1.66) for those with 0 points. Our study suggests that habitual coffee consumption was related to genetic polymorphisms and modified the risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes combined in a sample of the Korean population. The mechanisms between coffee-related genetic variation and the risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes combined warrant further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu12082228
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 10
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    Construction and Commissioning of PAL-XFEL Facility
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 7, No. 5 ( 2017-05-17), p. 479-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 5 ( 2017-05-17), p. 479-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app7050479
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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