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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Set of Cell Lines Derived from a Genetic Murine Glioblastoma Model Recapitulates Molecular and Morphological Characteristics of Human Tumors
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Cancers Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2021-01-10), p. 230-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2021-01-10), p. 230-
    Abstract: Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most aggressive tumors affecting the central nervous system in adults, causing death within, on average, 15 months after diagnosis. Immunocompetent in-vivo models that closely mirror human GBM are urgently needed for deciphering glioma biology and for the development of effective treatment options. The murine GBM cell lines currently available for engraftment in immunocompetent mice are not only exiguous but also inadequate in representing prominent characteristics of human GBM such as infiltrative behavior, necrotic areas, and pronounced tumor heterogeneity. Therefore, we generated a set of glioblastoma cell lines by repeated in vivo passaging of cells isolated from a neural stem cell-specific Pten/p53 double-knockout genetic mouse brain tumor model. Transcriptome and genome analyses of the cell lines revealed molecular heterogeneity comparable to that observed in human glioblastoma. Upon orthotopic transplantation into syngeneic hosts, they formed high-grade gliomas that faithfully recapitulated the histopathological features, invasiveness and immune cell infiltration characteristic of human glioblastoma. These features make our cell lines unique and useful tools to study multiple aspects of glioblastoma pathomechanism and to test novel treatments in an intact immune microenvironment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020230
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Molecular and Supramolecular Structure of a New Luminescent Hybrid Compound: (C5N2H14)2[BiBr6]Br·H2O
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Inorganics Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2022-10-25), p. 181-
    Details
    In: Inorganics, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2022-10-25), p. 181-
    Abstract: The reaction of homopiperazine, C5N2H12, with BiBr3 in strong hydrobromic acid affords a new organic-inorganic hybrid (C5N2H14)2[BiBr6]Br·H2O. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group, Pbca, with unit cell dimensions of a = 15.0775 (2), b = 15.7569 (2), and c = 20.7881 (4) Å, and eight formula units per unit cell. The crystal structure features slightly distorted octahedral BiBr63− and monoatomic Br− anions in the inorganic substructure and C5N2H142+ dications and adjacent water molecules in the organic substructure. Various weak interactions that include (N)H···Br, (N)H···O, and (O)H···Br hydrogen bonds ensure the assembling of the structural moieties into a 3D supramolecular structure. (C5N2H14)2[BiBr6] Br·H2O shows two emission bands in the photoluminescence spectrum, a rather narrow deep-blue PL at 432 nm, and a broadband red PL centered at 650 nm. Their nature and relations to the crystal structure are discussed in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-6740
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10110181
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2735043-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimization of the Composition of Cement Pastes Using Combined Additives of Alumoferrites and Gypsum in Order to Increase the Durability of Concrete
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Buildings Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-02-19), p. 565-
    Details
    In: Buildings, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-02-19), p. 565-
    Abstract: The reliability of concrete structures is closely related to the durability of the concrete materials stable under external environmental conditions. The present study is aimed at analysing the effect of a prospective hardening additive containing calcium alumoferrites and calcium sulfate (AFCS) as a substitute (5–15%) for Portland cement. The hardened cement pastes were characterized by water absorption, shrinkage, strength and corrosion resistance. It was shown that replacing a part of Portland cement with the AFCS additive results in an increase in the strength of fine-grained concrete and in the water resistance grade of concrete. The use of the AFCS additive in the mixed cements reduces the shrinkage of cement stone, resulting in shrinkage-free fine-grained concretes. The increased corrosion resistance of the hardened cement paste is caused by a chemical (saturation) equilibrium between corrosive medium and a cement stone. Penetration of sulphate ions from corrosive solution into the hardened cement paste is much lower, unlike Portland cement. Following saturation of the hardened cement paste with sulphate ions, their further penetration into the cement stone does not occur. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were developed for the use of the hardening alumoferrite-gypsum additive to Portland cement, which allows to improve the mechanical and corrosion characteristics of concrete.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-5309
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/buildings13020565
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661539-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental and Numerical Study of Gas Injection Effect on the Methane–Air Combustion inside a Coaxial Burner
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Fluids Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2021-02-01), p. 60-
    Details
    In: Fluids, MDPI AG, Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2021-02-01), p. 60-
    Abstract: This paper is devoted to the analysis of the effect of gas injection on the efficiency of gaseous fuel burning. A coaxial burner with a perforated inner wall is presented in which the methane–air acceleration is observed. With the use of numerical analysis, it is demonstrated that the flame acceleration is related to the flow separation from the inner wall that, in turn, leads to the reduction in heat losses to the wall as well as to vortex formation and reduction in momentum losses. On the basis of the obtained results, a new technology of efficient burning of gaseous fuels can be proposed with the use of gas and/or liquid fuel injection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-5521
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/fluids6020060
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2882362-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    AlSi10Mg/AlN Interface Grain Structure after Laser Powder Bed Fusion
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Metals Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2022-12-15), p. 2152-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2022-12-15), p. 2152-
    Abstract: Details and features of the grain structure near the interface region between the AlN ceramic phase and AlSi10Mg matrix after the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) were investigated. Aluminum nitride particles were obtained through self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and mechanically mixed with aluminum matrix powder. Optimization of the LPBF process parameters resulted in synthesized material free of pores and other defects. Optical microscopy analysis of etched cross-section and more detailed EBSD analysis revealed regions with relatively coarse grains at melting pool boundaries and fine grains in the melt pool core and near the AlN particles. Moreover, a pronounced orientation of fine elongated matrix grains towards the center of the ceramic particle was obtained. The such formed microstructure is attributed to directional heat sink during crystallization due to the higher thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride compared to the AlSi10Mg matrix. On the contrary, poor wettability of AlN by melt partly prevented the formation of such features, thus a combination of these factors determines the final microstructure of the interface in the resulting material.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met12122152
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Novel D-A-D Fluorescent Dyes Based on 9-(p-Tolyl)-2,3,4,4a,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-carbazole as a Donor Unit for Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting-Diodes
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Molecules Vol. 26, No. 10 ( 2021-05-12), p. 2872-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 26, No. 10 ( 2021-05-12), p. 2872-
    Abstract: New fluorescent D-A-D dyes containing 9-(p-tolyl)-2,3,4,4a,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-carbazole as a donor unit and 2,1,3-benzochalcogenadiazoles as an electron-withdrawing group were synthesized. The photoluminescent and electroluminescent properties of novel dyes for fluorescent OLED application were investigated. It was demonstrated that the replacement of lightweight heteroatoms by heavier ones enables the fine tuning of the maximum emission without significantly reducing the luminescence quantum yield. The maximum quantum yield value of 62.6% for derivatives based on 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (1a) in cyclohexane was achieved. Two devices with the architecture of glass/ITO/PEDOT-PSS/poly-TPD/EML/TPBi/LiF/Al (EML = emitting layer) were fabricated to check the suitability of the synthesized compounds as a single active emission layer in OLED. These OLEDs exhibited clear red electroluminescence of the dyes with the maximum current efficiency of 0.85 Cd/A.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102872
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structure–Phase Transitions in the Friction Contact Zone of High-Nitrogen Chromium–Manganese Austenitic Steel
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Metals Vol. 13, No. 8 ( 2023-08-10), p. 1433-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 8 ( 2023-08-10), p. 1433-
    Abstract: The influence of contact stresses on the phase and concentration composition of thin surface layers and wear products in the tribological contact zone of high-nitrogen FeMn22Cr18N0.83 steel was studied using Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray structural analysis, and electron microscopy. It was shown that contact compressive stresses developing under the conditions of dry sliding friction in the surface layers (20–25 microns) resulted in the strain-induced dissolution of cellular precipitation products (nitrides Cr2N) and increased the average content of nitrogen in austenite. Antiferromagnetic ordering in austenite caused by the precipitation of secondary nitrides with low chromium and nitrogen content was observed in tiny external layers (~0.1 microns) of the friction surface and products of steel adhesive wear. The effect of tension stresses in the friction contact zone on the formation of strain-induced martensite and nitrides with α″-Fe16N2 structures was established in the wear products.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met13081433
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Synthesis and Evaluation of Properties of an Additive Based on Bismuth Titanates for Cement Systems
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Materials Vol. 16, No. 18 ( 2023-09-18), p. 6262-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 18 ( 2023-09-18), p. 6262-
    Abstract: The development of modern building materials science involves the process of designing innovative materials that exhibit unique characteristics, such as energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, self-healing ability, and photocatalytic properties. This can be achieved by modifying cement with nano- and fine-dispersed additives that can give the material new properties. Such additives include a number of compounds based on the TiO2-Bi2O3 system. These compounds have photocatalytic activity in the near-UV and visible range of the spectrum, which can serve to create photocatalytic concretes. Here, the purpose of this scientific study was to synthesize compounds based on the TiO2-Bi2O3 system using two methods in order to identify the most optimal variant for creating a composite material and determine its properties. Within the framework of this article, two methods of obtaining a photocatalytically active additive based on the TiO2-Bi2O3 system are considered: the solid-state and citrate-based methods. The photocatalytic, mechanical and structural properties of composites containing the synthesized additive are investigated. In this study, it was found that for the creation of photocatalytic concretes, it is advisable to use cement compositions with a bismuth titanate content of 3–10 wt.%. of the cement content, regardless of the method of obtaining the additive. However, the most optimal composition is one containing 5 wt.% of the synthesized additive. It is noted that compositions containing 5% by weight of bismuth titanate demonstrate photocatalytic activity and also show an increase in strength on the first day of hardening by 10% for the solid-state method and 16% for the citrate method.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma16186262
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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