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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Robot-Assisted Total Thyroidectomy with or without Robot-Assisted Neck Dissection in Pediatric Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2022-06-09), p. 3320-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2022-06-09), p. 3320-
    Abstract: Pediatric thyroid cancer more frequently develops cervical node metastasis than adult thyroid cancer, even in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Thus, cervical neck dissection often needs to be performed simultaneously with thyroidectomy in pediatric patients. Herein, we describe our experience with robot-assisted total thyroidectomy with/without robot-assisted neck dissection in pediatric patients compared with the conventional operated group. A total of 30 pediatric patients who underwent thyroidectomy for DTC between July 2011 and December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 22 underwent robot-assisted operation, whereas 8 underwent conventional operation. There was no statistical difference in the mean operation times, blood loss, drainage amounts, and hospital stay length between the robot-assisted and conventional operation groups; however, the operation time was less in the retroauricular approach subgroup (robot-assisted operation group) with better satisfaction on cosmesis. No postoperative complications, such as seromas, hemorrhages, or hematomas were observed. Our experience suggested that robot-assisted thyroidectomy with or without neck dissection through the retroauricular approach is a feasible and safe alternative treatment, producing outstanding esthetic results compared to the conventional approach, especially in pediatric patients with DTC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123320
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Impact of Obesity on the Severity of Clinicopathologic Parameters in Patients with IgA Nephropathy
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2020-08-31), p. 2824-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2020-08-31), p. 2824-
    Abstract: Several studies reported the effect of obesity on the progression of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). However, the impact of obesity on the clinicopathologic presentation of IgAN remains uncertain. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study from eight university hospitals in South Korea. Patients were categorized into three groups using the Asia-Pacific obesity classification based on body mass index (BMI). Clinical and histopathologic data at the time of renal biopsy were analyzed. Among 537 patients with IgAN, the obese group was more hypertensive and had lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and more proteinuria than other groups. The histologic scores for mesangial matrix expansion (MME), interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and mesangial C3 deposition differed significantly between the three groups. Among these histopathologic parameters, BMI was independently positively associated with MME score on multivariable linear regression analysis (p = 0.028). Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, the obese group was independently associated with higher MME scores compared to the normal weight/overweight group (p = 0.020). However, BMI was not independently associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate or proteinuria on multivariable analysis. Obesity was independently associated with severe MME in patients with IgAN. Obesity may play an important pathogenetic role in mesangial lesions seen in IgAN.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092824
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Korean Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline Update for Temporomandibular Disorders: An Evidence-Based Approach
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 11, No. 16 ( 2023-08-21), p. 2364-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 16 ( 2023-08-21), p. 2364-
    Abstract: Many updated clinical research results have been published since the Korean Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines (KMCPGs) for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) were published in 2018. Therefore, it is necessary to update the existing clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). This study presents updated recommendations for TMD treatment based on current research data published up to February 2020. The draft version of the level of evidence and grade of recommendation was determined through an assessment of the risk of bias and a meta-analysis of selected literature based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). The final guidelines were derived using the Delphi method. Eighteen recommendations were derived for eight items of Korean medicine treatment for TMDs. Compared with previous Korean medicine CPGs for TMDs, the grades of seven recommendations, including acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and Chuna manual therapy, were increased. The grades of the two recommendations have been changed. Six new recommendations were added to fully reflect clinical reality. Acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and Chuna manual therapy are recommended for TMD patients in clinical practice. Concurrent conventional conservative therapy with Korean medicine or a combination of Korean medicines should be considered in clinical practice in patients with temporomandibular disorders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162364
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Anticancer Activity of Continentalic Acid in B-Cell Lymphoma
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Molecules Vol. 26, No. 22 ( 2021-11-12), p. 6845-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 26, No. 22 ( 2021-11-12), p. 6845-
    Abstract: Aralia continentalis has been used in Korea as a folk remedy for arthralgia, rheumatism, and inflammation. However, its anti-lymphoma effect remains uncharacterized. Here, we demonstrate that A. continentalis extract and its three diterpenes efficiently kill B-lymphoma cells. Our in vitro and in vivo results suggest that the cytotoxic activities of continentalic acid, a major diterpene from A. continentalis extract, are specific towards cancer cells while leaving normal murine cells and tissues unharmed. Mechanistically, continentalic acid represses the expression of pro-survival Bcl-2 family members, such as Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL. It dissociates the mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to the stimulation of effector caspase 3/7 activities and, ultimately, cell death. Intriguingly, this agent therapeutically synergizes with roflumilast, a pan-PDE4 inhibitor that has been successfully repurposed for the treatment of aggressive B-cell malignancies in recent clinical tests. Our findings unveiled that A. continentalis extract and three of the plant’s diterpenes exhibit anti-cancer activities. We also demonstrate the synergistic inhibitory effect of continentalic acid on the survival of B-lymphoma cells when combined with roflumilast. Taken in conjunction, continentalic acid may hold significant potential for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226845
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hypertriglyceridemia Is Associated with More Severe Histological Glomerulosclerosis in IgA Nephropathy
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 10, No. 18 ( 2021-09-18), p. 4236-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 18 ( 2021-09-18), p. 4236-
    Abstract: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a globally well-known primary glomerular nephropathy. Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is one factor contributing to atherosclerosis and is a common complication of renal failure. HTG is a significant risk factor for decreased renal function in patients with IgAN. We evaluated the association of HTG with the histopathological features of IgAN patients. A total of 480 patients diagnosed with IgAN via kidney biopsy from eight university hospitals affiliated with the College of Medicine of the Catholic University of Korea were included in the final cohort. Pathological features were evaluated by eight expert pathologists with hospital consensus. HTG was defined as a serum triglyceride (TG) level of ≥150 mg/dL. In the study population analysis, the HTG group was older, with more males; higher body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and spot urine protein ratio; and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In the lipid profile analysis, eGFR was negatively correlated with TGs/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG). Proteinuria positively correlated with TGs/HDL, non-HDL/HDL, LDL/HDL, TyG, TGs and LDL. The percentages of global sclerosis (GS), segmental sclerosis (SS) and capsular adhesion (CA), and the scores for mesangial matrix expansion (MME) and mesangial cell proliferation (MCP), were more elevated in the HTG group compared to the normal TG group. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that the percentages of global sclerosis, segmental sclerosis and capsular adhesion, as well as the scores for mesangial matrix expansion and mesangial cell proliferation, were positively associated with TG level. In binary logistic regression, the HTG group showed a higher risk for global sclerosis and segmental sclerosis. In conclusion, HTG is a significant risk factor for glomerulosclerosis in IgAN.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184236
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Discovery of Novel Recurrent Mutations and Clinically Meaningful Subgroups in Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Cancers Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2020-06-23), p. 1669-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2020-06-23), p. 1669-
    Abstract: Nodal marginal zone lymphoma (NMZL) is a rare B-cell neoplasm, the genetic and transcriptomic landscape of which are unclear. Using high-throughput sequencing for whole-exome and transcriptome, we investigated the genetic characteristics of NMZL in a discovery cohort (n = 8) and validated their features in an extended cohort (n = 30). Novel mutations in NFKBIE and ITPR2 were found in 7.9% (3/38) and 13.9% (5/36), respectively, suggesting roles for the NF-κB pathway and B-cell-receptor-mediated calcium signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of NMZL. RNA-seq showed that NMZLs were characterized by an aberrant marginal zone differentiation, associated with an altered IRF4-NOTCH2 axis and the enrichment of various oncogenic pathways. Based on gene expression profile, two subgroups were identified. Compared with subgroup 1, subgroup 2 showed the following: the significant enrichment of cell cycle-associated and MYC-signaling pathways, a more diverse repertoire of upstream regulators, and higher Ki-67 proliferation indices. We designated two subgroups according to Ki-67 labeling, and subgroup 2 was significantly associated with a shorter progression-free survival (p = 0.014), a greater proportion of large cells (p = 0.009), and higher MYC expression (p = 0.026). We suggest that NMZL has unique features and, in this study, we provide information as to the heterogeneity of this enigmatic entity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061669
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Performance Analysis of Custom Dual-Finger 250 nm InP HBT Devices for Implementation of 255 GHz Amplifiers
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Electronics Vol. 11, No. 16 ( 2022-08-20), p. 2614-
    Details
    In: Electronics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 16 ( 2022-08-20), p. 2614-
    Abstract: The performances of WR-3.4 monolithic amplifiers fabricated using dual-finger 6 µm InP HBT devices are investigated. While one amplifier uses the dual-finger devices formed by simply connecting two existing standard single-finger HBTs, the second amplifier uses newly formed devices that share a common collector metal on a single merged device isolation area. The amplifiers using two types of devices based on the identical matching networks are fabricated for on-wafer probing tests. The custom merged-device amplifier shows clear performance advantages over the separate-device amplifier, showing a peak gain of 10.5 dB and the maximum output power of 5.2 dBm at 255 GHz.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-9292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/electronics11162614
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662127-7
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Serum Uric Acid Level Is Related to the More Severe Renal Histopathology of Female IgA Nephropathy Patients
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2021-04-27), p. 1885-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2021-04-27), p. 1885-
    Abstract: Hyperuricemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and chronic kidney disease progression. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a well-known primary glomerular nephropathy. Hyperuricemia is associated with a poor prognosis in IgAN patients. We evaluated the association of hyperuricemia with the histopathological severity of IgAN in male and female patients; 658 patients diagnosed with IgAN via kidney biopsy were initially included. Baseline patient data were collected by eight university hospitals affiliated with the College of Medicine of the Catholic University of Korea. Pathological features were independently evaluated by eight expert pathologists working in the hospitals, and the consensus was reached. Of the initial 658 patients, 517 were finally included (253 males and 264 females). Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum uric acid (UA) level 〉 7.0 mg/dL for males and 〉 5.6 mg/dL for females; 108 (42.7%) males and 95 (35.9%) females exhibited hyperuricemia. Compared to the patients with normal UA levels, the global glomerulosclerosis, segmental sclerosis, mesangial matrix expansion (MME), endocapillary proliferation (ECP), interstitial fibrosis (IF), and tubular atrophy (TA) scores were higher in hyperuricemic males and females. In multivariable linear regression, the serum UA level correlated significantly with the MME, ECP, IF, and TA scores of female IgAN patients only.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091885
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Prevalence and Predictive Factors for Upfront Dose Reduction of the First Cycle of First-Line Chemotherapy in Older Adults with Metastatic Solid Cancer: Korean Cancer Study Group (KCSG) Multicenter Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Cancers Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2021-01-18), p. 331-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2021-01-18), p. 331-
    Abstract: Old age alone does not reflect an intolerability to chemotherapy. However, upfront dose reduction (UDR) of the first cycle of first-line palliative chemotherapy has sometimes been chosen by physicians for older adults with metastatic cancer due to concerns regarding adverse events. The development of predictive factors for UDR of palliative chemotherapy would be helpful for treatment planning among older adults. This was a secondary analysis of a study on predicting adverse events of first-line palliative chemotherapy in 296 patients (≥70 years) with solid cancer. We assessed the prevalence of UDR of the first cycle of first-line chemotherapy and the association of UDR with the variables of geriatric assessment (GA) and chemotherapy compliance. Among the 296 patients, 177 (59.8%) patients were treated with UDR. The mean percentage of UDR for the total patient group was 19.2% (range: 4–47%) of the standard dose. In a multivariate analysis, poor performance status (PS) and living without a spouse were independent predictive factors of UDR of first-line palliative chemotherapy in older adults. Patients with UDR showed fewer grade 3–5 adverse events versus the standard dose group. Study completion as planned was significantly higher in the UDR group versus the standard dose group. Older adults with UDR better tolerated chemotherapy than patients with a standard dose.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020331
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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