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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Highly Bright Silica-Coated InP/ZnS Quantum Dot-Embedded Silica Nanoparticles as Biocompatible Nanoprobes
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 18 ( 2022-09-19), p. 10977-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 18 ( 2022-09-19), p. 10977-
    Abstract: Quantum dots (QDs) have outstanding optical properties such as strong fluorescence, excellent photostability, broad absorption spectra, and narrow emission bands, which make them useful for bioimaging. However, cadmium (Cd)-based QDs, which have been widely studied, have potential toxicity problems. Cd-free QDs have also been studied, but their weak photoluminescence (PL) intensity makes their practical use in bioimaging challenging. In this study, Cd-free QD nanoprobes for bioimaging were fabricated by densely embedding multiple indium phosphide/zinc sulfide (InP/ZnS) QDs onto silica templates and coating them with a silica shell. The fabricated silica-coated InP/ZnS QD-embedded silica nanoparticles (SiO2@InP QDs@SiO2 NPs) exhibited hydrophilic properties because of the surface silica shell. The quantum yield (QY), maximum emission peak wavelength, and full-width half-maximum (FWHM) of the final fabricated SiO2@InP QDs@SiO2 NPs were 6.61%, 527.01 nm, and 44.62 nm, respectively. Moreover, the brightness of the particles could be easily controlled by adjusting the amount of InP/ZnS QDs in the SiO2@InP QDs@SiO2 NPs. When SiO2@InP QDs@SiO2 NPs were administered to tumor syngeneic mice, the fluorescence signal was prominently detected in the tumor because of the preferential distribution of the SiO2@InP QDs@SiO2 NPs, demonstrating their applicability in bioimaging with NPs. Thus, SiO2@InP QDs@SiO2 NPs have the potential to successfully replace Cd-based QDs as highly bright and biocompatible fluorescent nanoprobes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810977
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Applications of Cancer Cell-Specific Aptamers in Targeted Delivery of Anticancer Therapeutic Agents
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Molecules Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2018-04-04), p. 830-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2018-04-04), p. 830-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040830
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    A Mixture of Humulus japonicus Increases Longitudinal Bone Growth Rate in Sprague Dawley Rats
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2020-08-28), p. 2625-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2020-08-28), p. 2625-
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of administration of a mixture of Humulus japonicus (MH) on longitudinal bone growth in normal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. We measured the femur and tibia length, growth plate area, proliferation of chondrocytes, and expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) phosphorylation after dietary administration of MH in SD rats for four weeks. The nose–tail length gain and length of femur and tibia increased significantly in the group that received MH for a period of four weeks. We performed H & E staining and Bromodeoxyuridine/5-Bromo-2′-Deoxyuridine (BrdU) staining to examine the effect of dietary administration of MH on the growth plate and the proliferation of chondrocytes and found that MH stimulated the proliferation of chondrocytes and contributed to increased growth plate height during the process of longitudinal bone growth. In addition, serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 and expression of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 mRNAs in the liver and bone were increased, and phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT5 in the liver was increased in the MH groups. Based on these results, we suggest that the effect of MH on longitudinal bone growth is mediated by increased JAK2/STAT5-induced IGF-1 production.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu12092625
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Highly Porous Nonwoven Thermoplastic Polyurethane/Polypropylene-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting by Human Walking
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Polymers Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-05-02), p. 1044-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-05-02), p. 1044-
    Abstract: : A highly porous nonwoven thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/Polypropylene (PP) triboelectric nanogenerator (N-TENG) was developed. To fabricate the triboelectric layers, the TPU nanofiber was directly electrospun onto the nonwoven PP at different basis weights (15, 30, and 50 g/m2). The surface morphologies and porosities of the nonwoven PP and TPU nanofiber mats were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and porosimetry. The triboelectric performance of the nonwoven TPU/PP based TENG was found to improve with an increase in the basis weight of nonwoven PP. The maximum output voltage and current of the TPU/PP N-TENG with 50% PP basis weight reached 110.18 ± 6.06 V and 7.28 ± 0.67 µA, respectively, due to high air volume of nonwoven without spacers. In order to demonstrate its practical application as a generator, a TPU/PP N-TENG-attached insole for footwear was fabricated. The N-TENG was used as a power source to turn on 57 light-emitting diodes through human-walking, without any charging system. Thus, owing to its excellent energy-conversion performance, simple fabrication process, and low cost, the breathable and wearable nonwoven fiber-based TENG is suitable for large-scale production, to be used in wearable devices.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym12051044
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527146-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mechanisms at Different pH for Stabilization of Arsenic in Mine Tailings Using Steelmaking Slag
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Minerals Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2020-10-11), p. 900-
    Details
    In: Minerals, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2020-10-11), p. 900-
    Abstract: The mechanisms at different pH for the stabilization of arsenic (As) in mine tailings (MTs) using steelmaking slag were investigated using laboratory experiments. Two types of steelmaking slag were used in the experiments. Ca-slag has high pH and high calcium oxide content due to its short period of aging. In contrast, Fe-slag is oxidized for a long time and is richer in Fe than in Ca. The As-contaminated MTs were taken from a tailing-storage dam around an abandoned gold mine in Korea. The tailings had an average As concentration of 2225.3 mg/kg. The As-removal batch experiment was performed to investigate the As-removal characteristics of the steelmaking slag. From SEM/EDS analyses after each batch experiment, Ca-As bearing precipitates were broadly found on the surface of Ca-slag particles and the final pH of the solution increased to 12.3. However, for Fe-slag, the As was locally found as forms adsorbed to the surface of Fe and Mn oxides contained in the Fe-slag particles. The final pH of this solution was 8.4. The efficiency of removal of As from water using the Ca-slag was 〉 97% and that with Fe-slag was 79%. This suggests that As ions in solution were removed by Ca-(co-)precipitation (which occurs comprehensively on the Ca-slag surface), or by restrictive adsorption of Fe- and Mn-oxides (on limited parts of the Fe-slag). To determine the efficiency of As-extraction reduction from MTs using steel slags, arsenic-extraction batch experiments with two slags were performed under acidic conditions, simulating the leaching environment formed around a mine tailing storage dam. The As concentration in the extracted solution was decreased by 69.9% (even at pH 2) after the addition of 5% Fe-slag. However, when 5% Ca-slag was added, the As concentration decreased by 42.3% at pH 2. These results suggest that Fe-rich steel slag can be more effective than Ca-rich steel slag as a stabilizer for As in contaminated mine tailings at low pH.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-163X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/min10100900
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2655947-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identification of New Non-BBB Permeable Tryptophan Hydroxylase Inhibitors for Treating Obesity and Fatty Liver Disease
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Molecules Vol. 27, No. 11 ( 2022-05-25), p. 3417-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 27, No. 11 ( 2022-05-25), p. 3417-
    Abstract: Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptophan) is a hormone that regulates emotions in the central nervous system. However, serotonin in the peripheral system is associated with obesity and fatty liver disease. Because serotonin cannot cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), we focused on identifying new tryptophan hydroxylase type I (TPH1) inhibitors that act only in peripheral tissues for treating obesity and fatty liver disease without affecting the central nervous system. Structural optimization inspired by para-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA) resulted in the identification of a series of oxyphenylalanine and heterocyclic phenylalanine derivatives as TPH1 inhibitors. Among these compounds, compound 18i with an IC50 value of 37 nM was the most active in vitro. Additionally, compound 18i showed good liver microsomal stability and did not significantly inhibit CYP and Herg. Furthermore, this TPH1 inhibitor was able to actively interact with the peripheral system without penetrating the BBB. Compound 18i and its prodrug reduced body weight gain in mammals and decreased in vivo fat accumulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113417
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estimation of Functional Reserve in Patients with Hospital-Associated Deconditioning
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 21 ( 2022-10-29), p. 14140-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 21 ( 2022-10-29), p. 14140-
    Abstract: Background: This study aimed to analyze the applicability of sit-to-stand (STS) muscle power tests for evaluating functional reserve in patients with hospital-associated deconditioning (HAD). Methods: This study is a single group preliminary observational study. STS tests were performed in the early stages of comprehensive rehabilitation treatment, and the interval changes in the clinical indicators were assessed after four weeks of clinical observation. A STS capacity ratio was estimated by the time duration of five STS repetitions (5r-STS) and the maximum number of STS repetitions over 30 s (30s-STS); the activities were measured using a three-dimension motion capture system and force plate. Results: After 4 weeks of comprehensive rehabilitation, the 10 m gait speed (p = 0.004), hand grip power (p = 0.022), hip extensor power (p = 0.002), Berg balance scale (p 〈 0.001), and modified Barthel index (MBI) (p = 0.001), respectively, were significantly improved. The force plate-derived (FPD) 30s-STS power and the number of repeats in the FPD 30s-STS showed a positive correlation with improvements in the hand grip power (Spearman’s Rho = 0.477, p = 0.045), hip extensor power (Spearman’s Rho = 0.482, p = 0.043), and MAI (Spearman’s Rho = 0.481, p = 0.043), respectively. The STS capacity ratio was correlated with higher improvements in the 10 m gait speed (Spearman’s Rho = 0.503, p = 0.034), hip extensor power (Spearman’s Rho = 0.494, p = 0.037), and MBI (Spearman’s Rho = 0.595, p = 0.009). Despite individual variability in the differences between the FPD and estimated STS power, the results for the correlation between the STS capacity ratio and clinical outcomes were consistent. Conclusions: The STS capacity ratio showed a positive correlation with the clinical outcomes, including gait speed, and may reflect a part of the functional reserve excluding the individual variability of performance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114140
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gastro-Protective Effect of Fermented Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in a Rat Model of Ethanol/HCl-Induced Gastric Injury
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2022-05-16), p. 2079-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2022-05-16), p. 2079-
    Abstract: The present research purposed to examine the gastro-protective effect of Glycine max (L.) Merr. fermented using Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. delbrueckii Rosell-187 (Gastro-AD®) on ethanol/HCl-induced gastric damage, specifically on gastric acid secretion. After oral supplementation of Gastro-AD® to Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats with ethanol/HCl-induced gastric damage, we determined that Gastro-AD® attenuated the gastric mucosal lesion, hemorrhage and gastric acid secretion induced by ethanol/HCl. In addition, we observed that the Gastro-AD® treatment increased the serum prostaglandin E2 level and decreased the levels of gastric acid secretion-related receptors in both gastric tissues and primary gastric parietal cells. Furthermore, it decreased the levels of inflammatory factors, including serum histamine and expression of p-IκB, p-p65, iNOS and COX-2 and the activity of apoptotic signaling pathways, including those involving p-JNK, Bcl2/Bax, Fas, FADD, caspase-8 and caspase-3, in the stomach of the ethanol/HCl-treated rats. Thus, we suggest that Gastro-AD® supplementation may reduce ethanol/HCl-induced gastric acid secretion and prevent gastric injury.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu14102079
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Integrating Metal-Oxide-Decorated CNT Networks with a CMOS Readout in a Gas Sensor
    MDPI AG ; 2012
    In:  Sensors Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2012-02-27), p. 2582-2597
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2012-02-27), p. 2582-2597
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s120302582
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Finite Element Analysis of the Breakdown Prediction for LDPE Stressed by Various Ramp Rates of DC Voltage Based on Molecular Displacement Model
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Energies Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2020-03-12), p. 1320-
    Details
    In: Energies, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2020-03-12), p. 1320-
    Abstract: Predicting the electrical breakdown of polymers is critical for certifying the endurance and lifetime of high voltage power equipment. Since various factors contribute nonlinearly to the breakdown phenomena of polymer insulators, it is difficult to assess the impact of each factor independently. In this study, we numerically analyzed the breakdown phenomenon because of the ramp rate of the DC voltage applied to a polymer insulator, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), using the finite element method (FEM). To predict the breakdown initiation, we analyzed the relaxation time of the conduction current through the insulator as a significant indicator. The bipolar charge transport (BCT) model was used to analyze the charge behavior within the LDPE, and the breakdown voltage was predicted by incorporating the molecular displacement model. This analysis was conducted for a wide range of ramp rates from 10 to 1500 V/s. The current density was calculated using two different methods, namely the energy and average methods, and the results were compared with each other. The results of the numerical model were further verified by comparing with those from experiments reported in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1073
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/en13061320
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2437446-5
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