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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Antimicrobial Activity of Peptides Derived from Olive Flounder Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein/Bactericidal Permeability-Increasing Protein (LBP/BPI)
    MDPI AG ; 2014
    In:  Marine Drugs Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2014-10-17), p. 5240-5257
    Details
    In: Marine Drugs, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2014-10-17), p. 5240-5257
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/md12105240
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175190-0
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
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    Genomic Analysis and Assessment of Melanin Synthesis in Amorphotheca resinae KUC3009
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Fungi Vol. 7, No. 4 ( 2021-04-12), p. 289-
    Details
    In: Journal of Fungi, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 4 ( 2021-04-12), p. 289-
    Abstract: This study reports the draft genome of Amorphotheca resinae KUC30009, a fungal isolate with promising industrial-scale melanin production potential. The mechanisms for melanin or melanin-related pigment formation of this strain were examined through bioinformatic and biochemical strategies. The 30.11 Mb genome of A. resinae contains 9638 predicted genes. Genomic-based discovery analyses identified 14 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) associated with secondary metabolite production. Moreover, genes encoding a specific type 1 polyketide synthase and 4-hydroxynaphthalene reductase were identified and predicted to produce intermediate metabolites of dihydroxy naphthalene (DHN)-melanin biosynthesis pathway, but not to DHN-melanin. These findings were further supported by the detection of increased flaviolin concentrations in mycelia and almost unchanged morphologies of the culture grown with tricyclazole. Apart from this, the formation of melanin in the culture filtrate appeared to depend on the laccase-like activity of multi-copper oxidases. Simultaneously, concentrations of nitrogen-containing sources decreased when the melanin formed in the media. Interestingly, melanin formation in the culture fluid was proportional to laccase-like activity. Based on these findings, we proposed novel strategies for the enhancement of melanin production in culture filtrates. Therefore, our study established a theoretical and methodological basis for synthesizing pigments from fungal isolates using genomic- and biochemical-based approaches.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2309-608X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jof7040289
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2784229-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
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    All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Death between Statins and Omega-3 Supplementation: A Meta-Analysis and Network Meta-Analysis from 55 Randomized Controlled Trials
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2020-10-20), p. 3203-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2020-10-20), p. 3203-
    Abstract: Statins and omega-3 supplementation have shown potential benefits in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD), but their comparative effects on mortality outcomes, in addition to primary and secondary prevention and mixed population, have not been investigated. This study aimed to examine the effect of statins and omega-3 supplementation and indirectly compare the effects of statin use and omega-3 fatty acids on all-cause mortality and CVD death. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from meta-analyses published until December 2019. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to indirectly compare the effect of statin use versus omega-3 supplementation in a frequentist network meta-analysis. In total, 55 RCTs were included in the final analysis. Compared with placebo, statins were significantly associated with a decreased the risk of all-cause mortality (RR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.86–0.94) and CVD death (RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.80–0.92), while omega-3 supplementation showed a borderline effect on all-cause mortality (RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.94–1.01) but were significantly associated with a reduced risk of CVD death (RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.87–0.98) in the meta-analysis. The network meta-analysis found that all-cause mortality was significantly different between statin use and omega-3 supplementation for overall population (RR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.85–0.98), but borderline for primary prevention and mixed population and nonsignificant for secondary prevention. Furthermore, there were borderline differences between statin use and omega-3 supplementation in CVD death in the total population (RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.82–1.04) and primary prevention (RR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.68–1.05), but nonsignificant differences in secondary prevention (RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.66–1.43) and mixed population (RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.75–1.14). To summarize, statin use might be associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality than omega-3 supplementation. Future direct comparisons between statin use and omega-3 supplementation are required to confirm the findings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu12103203
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 4
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    (–)-Loliolide Isolated from Sargassum horneri Suppressed Oxidative Stress and Inflammation by Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling in IFN-γ/TNF-α-Stimulated HaCaT Keratinocytes
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Antioxidants Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2021-05-27), p. 856-
    Details
    In: Antioxidants, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2021-05-27), p. 856-
    Abstract: The present study evaluated the effects of (–)-loliolide isolated from Sargassum horneri (S. horneri) against oxidative stress and inflammation, and its biological mechanism in interferon (IFN)-γ/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. The results showed that (–)-loliolide improved the cell viability by reducing the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in IFN-γ/TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. In addition, (–)-loliolide effectively decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4 IL-6, IL-13, IFN-γ and TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL11 (Eotaxin), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC)), by downregulating the expression of epidermal-derived initial cytokines (IL-25, IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)). Furthermore, (–)-loliolide suppressed the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling, whereas it activated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling. Interestingly, the cytoprotective effects of (–)-loliolide against IFN-γ/TNF-α stimulation were significantly blocked upon inhibition of HO-1. Taken together, these results suggest that (–)-loliolide effectively suppressed the oxidative stress and inflammation by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in IFN-γ/TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3921
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060856
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704216-9
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 5
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    Functionalised Terpyridines and Their Metal Complexes—Solid-State Interactions
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Chemistry Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2021-02-05), p. 199-227
    Details
    In: Chemistry, MDPI AG, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2021-02-05), p. 199-227
    Abstract: Analysis of the weak interactions within the crystal structures of 33 complexes of various 4′-aromatic derivatives of 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (tpy) shows that interactions that exceed dispersion are dominated, as expected, by cation⋯anion contacts but are associated with both ligand–ligand and ligand–solvent contacts, sometimes multicentred, in generally complicated arrays, probably largely determined by dispersion interactions between stacked aromatic units. With V(V) as the coordinating cation, there is evidence that the polarisation of the ligand results in an interaction exceeding dispersion at a carbon bound to nitrogen with oxygen or fluorine, an interaction unseen in the structures of M(II) (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru and Cd) complexes, except when 1,2,3-trimethoxyphenyl substituents are present in the 4′-tpy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2624-8549
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/chemistry3010016
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2966650-8
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  • 6
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    Deep Learning Prediction of TERT Promoter Mutation Status in Thyroid Cancer Using Histologic Images
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Medicina Vol. 59, No. 3 ( 2023-03-09), p. 536-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 59, No. 3 ( 2023-03-09), p. 536-
    Abstract: Background and objectives: Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation, found in a subset of patients with thyroid cancer, is strongly associated with aggressive biologic behavior. Predicting TERT promoter mutation is thus necessary for the prognostic stratification of thyroid cancer patients. Materials and Methods: In this study, we evaluate TERT promoter mutation status in thyroid cancer through the deep learning approach using histologic images. Our analysis included 13 consecutive surgically resected thyroid cancers with TERT promoter mutations (either C228T or C250T) and 12 randomly selected surgically resected thyroid cancers with a wild-type TERT promoter. Our deep learning model was created using a two-step cascade approach. First, tumor areas were identified using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and then TERT promoter mutations within tumor areas were predicted using the CNN–recurrent neural network (CRNN) model. Results: Using the hue–saturation–value (HSV)-strong color transformation scheme, the overall experiment results show 99.9% sensitivity and 60% specificity (improvements of approximately 25% and 37%, respectively, compared to image normalization as a baseline model) in predicting TERT mutations. Conclusions: Highly sensitive screening for TERT promoter mutations is possible using histologic image analysis based on deep learning. This approach will help improve the classification of thyroid cancer patients according to the biologic behavior of tumors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030536
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 7
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    Inhibition of Renal Stellate Cell Activation Reduces Renal Fibrosis
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Biomedicines Vol. 8, No. 10 ( 2020-10-19), p. 431-
    Details
    In: Biomedicines, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 10 ( 2020-10-19), p. 431-
    Abstract: Interstitial fibrosis is a common feature of chronic kidney disease, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β)-positive mesenchymal cells are reportedly the major source of scar-producing myofibroblasts. We had previously demonstrated that albumin and its derivative R-III (a retinol-binding protein-albumin domain III fusion protein) inhibited the transdifferentiation/activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to myofibroblasts and that R-III administration reduced liver fibrosis. In this study, we isolated cells (referred to as renal stellate cells, RSCs) from rat kidney tissues using the HSC isolation protocol and compared their morphological and biochemical characteristics with those of HSCs. RSCs shared many characteristics with HSCs, such as storage of vitamin A-containing lipid droplets and expression of HSC markers as well as pericyte markers. RSCs underwent spontaneous transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts in in vitro culture, which was inhibited by albumin expression or R-III treatment. We also evaluated the therapeutic effects of R-III in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis in mice. Injected R-III localized predominantly in cytoglobin/stellate cell activation-associated protein (Cygb/STAP)-positive cells in the kidney and reduced renal fibrosis. These findings suggest that RSCs can be recognized as the renal counterparts of HSCs and that RSCs represent an attractive therapeutic target for anti-fibrotic therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100431
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720867-9
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  • 8
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    Prediction Model for Tumor Budding Status Using the Radiomic Features of F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Cervical Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2021-08-23), p. 1517-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2021-08-23), p. 1517-
    Abstract: Objective: To compare the radiomic features of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) and intratumoral heterogeneity according to tumor budding (TB) status and to develop a prediction model for the TB status using the radiomic feature of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: Seventy-six patients with cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy and preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT were included. We assessed the status of intratumoral budding (ITP) and peritumoral budding (PTB) in all available hematoxylin and eosin-stained specimens. Three conventional metabolic parameters and fifty-nine features were extracted and analyzed. Univariate analysis was used to identify significant metabolic parameters and radiomic findings for TB status. The prediction model for TB status was built using 3 machine learning classifiers (random forest, support vector machine, and neural network). Results: Univariate analysis led to the identification of 2 significant metabolic parameters and 12 significant radiomic features according to intratumoral budding (ITB) status. Among these parameters, following multivariate analysis for the ITB status, only compacity remained significant (odds ratio, 5.0047; 95% confidence interval, 1.1636–21.5253; p = 0.0305). Two conventional metabolic parameters and 25 radiomic features were selected by the Lasso regularization, and the prediction model for the ITB status had a mean area under the curve of 0.762 in the test dataset. Conclusion: Radiomic features of 18F-FDG PET/CT were associated with the ITB status. The prediction model using radiomic features successfully predicted the TB status in patients with cervical cancer. The prediction models for the ITB status may contribute to personalized medicine in the management of patients with cervical cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081517
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 9
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    Dynamic Chloroplast Genome Rearrangement and DNA Barcoding for Three Apiaceae Species Known as the Medicinal Herb “Bang-Poong”
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 20, No. 9 ( 2019-05-04), p. 2196-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 9 ( 2019-05-04), p. 2196-
    Abstract: Three Apiaceae species Ledebouriella seseloides, Peucedanum japonicum, and Glehnia littoralis are used as Asian herbal medicines, with the confusingly similar common name “Bang-poong”. We characterized the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes and 45S nuclear ribosomal DNA (45S nrDNA) sequences of two accessions for each species. The complete cp genomes of G. littoralis, L. seseloides, and P. japonicum were 147,467, 147,830, and 164,633 bp, respectively. Compared to the other species, the P. japonicum cp genome had a huge inverted repeat expansion and a segmental inversion. The 45S nrDNA cistron sequences of the three species were almost identical in size and structure. Despite the structural variation in the P. japonicum cp genome, phylogenetic analysis revealed that G. littoralis diverged 5–6 million years ago (Mya), while P. japonicum diverged from L. seseloides only 2–3 Mya. Abundant copy number variations including tandem repeats, insertion/deletions, and single nucleotide polymorphisms, were found at the interspecies level. Intraspecies-level polymorphism was also found for L. seseloides and G. littoralis. We developed nine PCR barcode markers to authenticate all three species. This study characterizes the genomic differences between L. seseloides, P. japonicum, and G. littoralis; provides a method of species identification; and sheds light on the evolutionary history of these three species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092196
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Predicting Tumor Budding Status in Cervical Cancer Using MRI Radiomics: Linking Imaging Biomarkers to Histologic Characteristics
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Cancers Vol. 13, No. 20 ( 2021-10-14), p. 5140-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 20 ( 2021-10-14), p. 5140-
    Abstract: Background: Our previous study demonstrated that tumor budding (TB) status was associated with inferior overall survival in cervical cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether radiomic features can predict TB status in cervical cancer patients. Methods: Seventy-four patients with cervical cancer who underwent preoperative MRI and radical hysterectomy from 2011 to 2015 at our institution were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated to the training dataset (n = 48) and test dataset (n = 26). Tumors were segmented on axial gadolinium-enhanced T1- and T2-weighted images. A total of 2074 radiomic features were extracted. Four machine learning classifiers, including logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and neural network (NN), were used. The trained models were validated on the test dataset. Results: Twenty radiomic features were selected; all were features from filtered-images and 85% were texture-related features. The area under the curve values and accuracy of the models by LR, RF, SVM and NN were 0.742 and 0.769, 0.782 and 0.731, 0.849 and 0.885, and 0.891 and 0.731, respectively, in the test dataset. Conclusion: MRI-based radiomic features could predict TB status in patients with cervical cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205140
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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