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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Overview of the Observing System and Initial Scientific Accomplishments of the East Asian VLBI Network (EAVN)
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Galaxies Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2022-12-07), p. 113-
    Details
    In: Galaxies, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2022-12-07), p. 113-
    Abstract: The East Asian VLBI Network (EAVN) is an international VLBI facility in East Asia and is operated under mutual collaboration between East Asian countries, as well as part of Southeast Asian and European countries. EAVN currently consists of 16 radio telescopes and three correlators located in China, Japan, and Korea, and is operated mainly at three frequency bands, 6.7, 22, and 43 GHz with the longest baseline length of 5078 km, resulting in the highest angular resolution of 0.28 milliarcseconds at 43 GHz. One of distinct capabilities of EAVN is multi-frequency simultaneous data reception at nine telescopes, which enable us to employ the frequency phase transfer technique to obtain better sensitivity at higher observing frequencies. EAVN started its open-use program in the second half of 2018, providing a total observing time of more than 1100 h in a year. EAVN fills geographical gap in global VLBI array, resulting in enabling us to conduct contiguous high-resolution VLBI observations. EAVN has produced various scientific accomplishments especially in observations toward active galactic nuclei, evolved stars, and star-forming regions. These activities motivate us to initiate launch of the ’Global VLBI Alliance’ to provide an opportunity of VLBI observation with the longest baselines on the earth.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4434
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/galaxies10060113
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2691049-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MicroRNA-125a-5p Mediates 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Proliferation and Differentiation
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Molecules Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2018-02-02), p. 317-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2018-02-02), p. 317-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020317
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Safety, Immunogenicity and Lot-to-Lot Consistency of Sabin-Strain Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine in 2-Month-Old Infants: A Double-Blind, Randomized Phase III Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Vaccines Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2022-02-08), p. 254-
    Details
    In: Vaccines, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2022-02-08), p. 254-
    Abstract: Background: The Sabin-strain-based inactivated poliovirus vaccine (sIPV) plays an important role in poliomyelitis eradication in developing countries. As part of the phase III clinical development program, this study aimed to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity and lot-to-lot consistency of the sIPV in 2-month-old infants. Method: We conducted a phase III, randomized, double-blind, positive-controlled trial in which 1300 healthy infants were randomly assigned to four groups in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to receive one of the three lots of the sIPV or the control IPV at 2, 3 and 4 months of age. Serum samples were collected before the first dose and 30 days after the third dose of vaccination to assess the immunogenicity. Solicited local and systemic reactions were recorded within 7 days and unsolicited adverse events within 30 days after each vaccination. Results: Of the 1300 randomized infants, 1190 infants completed the study and were included in the per-protocol population. The seroconversion rates in the three lots of the sIPV were 95.67%, 97.03% and 95.59%, respectively, for type 1; 94.33%, 93.73% and 92.88%, respectively, for type 2; and 98.67%, 99.67% and 99.32%, respectively, for type 3. The ratios of GMTs for poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 of each pair of lots were all between 0.67 and 1.50, therefore meeting the predefined immunological equivalence criteria. For the seroconversion rate of poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3, the pooled sIPV group was non-inferior to the IPV group. The incidence of solicited and unsolicited adverse reactions (ARs) was similar in the pooled sIPV lots and the IPV group, and most of them were mild to moderate in severity. Non-vaccine-related serious adverse events (SAEs) were reported. Conclusions: Three consecutive lots of sIPV demonstrated robust and consistent immunogenicity. The safety and tolerability of the sIPV was acceptable and similar to that of the IPV.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-393X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020254
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2703319-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Upregulation of Hepatic Glutathione S-Transferase Alpha 1 Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatosis by Degrading Fatty Acid Binding Protein 1
    MDPI AG ; 2024
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 25, No. 10 ( 2024-05-07), p. 5086-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 25, No. 10 ( 2024-05-07), p. 5086-
    Abstract: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common metabolic disease of the liver, characterized by hepatic steatosis in more than 5% of hepatocytes. However, despite the recent approval of the first drug, resmetirom, for the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, decades of target exploration and hundreds of clinical trials have failed, highlighting the urgent need to find new druggable targets for the discovery of innovative drug candidates against MASLD. Here, we found that glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 (GSTA1) expression was negatively associated with lipid droplet accumulation in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of GSTA1 significantly attenuated oleic acid-induced steatosis in hepatocytes or high-fat diet-induced steatosis in the mouse liver. The hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory drug bicyclol also attenuated steatosis by upregulating GSTA1 expression. A detailed mechanism showed that GSTA1 directly interacts with fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1) and facilitates the degradation of FABP1, thereby inhibiting intracellular triglyceride synthesis by impeding the uptake and transportation of free fatty acids. Conclusion: GSTA1 may be a good target for the discovery of innovative drug candidates as GSTA1 stabilizers or enhancers against MASLD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105086
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Down-Regulating the High Level of 17-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 13 Plays a Therapeutic Role for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 10 ( 2022-05-16), p. 5544-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 10 ( 2022-05-16), p. 5544-
    Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, and there is no specific drug to treat it. Recent results showed that 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 13 (HSD17B13) is associated with liver diseases, but these conclusions are controversial. Here, we showed that HSD17B13 was more highly expressed in the livers of NAFLD patients, and high expression was induced in the livers of murine NAFLD models and cultural hepatocytes treated using various etiologies. The high HSD17B13 expression in the hepatocytes facilitated the progression of NAFLD by directly stabilizing the intracellular lipid drops and by indirectly activating hepatic stellate cells. When HSD17B13 was overexpressed in the liver, it aggravated liver steatosis and fibrosis in mice fed with a high-fat diet, while down-regulated the high expression of HSD17B13 by short hairpin RNAs produced a therapeutic effect in the NAFLD mice. We concluded that high HSD17B13 expression is a good target for the development of drugs to treat NAFLD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105544
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Qc5 Allele Increases Wheat Bread-Making Quality by Regulating SPA and SPR
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 14 ( 2022-07-08), p. 7581-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 14 ( 2022-07-08), p. 7581-
    Abstract: Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important food crop with a unique processing quality. The Q gene positively regulates the processing quality of wheat, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, a new Q allele (Qc5) responsible for compact spikes and good bread performance was identified. Compared with the Q allele widely distributed in modern common wheat cultivars, Qc5 had a missense mutation outside the miRNA172-binding site. This missense mutation led to a more compact messenger RNA (mRNA) secondary structure around the miRNA172-binding region, resulting in increased Qc5 expression during the spike development stage and a consequent increase in spike density. Furthermore, this missense mutation weakened the physical interaction between Qc5 and storage protein activator (SPA) in seeds and suppressed the expression of storage protein repressor (SPR). These changes increased the grain protein content and improved the bread-making quality of wheat. In conclusion, a missense mutation increases Q expression because of the resulting highly folded mRNA secondary structure around the miRNA172-binding site. Furthermore, this mutation improves the bread-making quality of wheat by repressing the expression of SPR and influencing the physical interaction between Q and SPA. These findings provide new insights into the miRNA172-directed regulation of gene expression, with implications for wheat breeding.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147581
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chinese Public Attention to the Outbreak of Ebola in West Africa: Evidence from the Online Big Data Platform
    MDPI AG ; 2016
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 13, No. 8 ( 2016-08-04), p. 780-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 8 ( 2016-08-04), p. 780-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13080780
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SQUAMOSA Promoter Binding Protein-Like (SPL) Gene Family: TRANSCRIPTOME-Wide Identification, Phylogenetic Relationship, Expression Patterns and Network Interaction Analysis in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Plants Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2020-03-11), p. 354-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2020-03-11), p. 354-
    Abstract: SPL (SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like) gene family is specific transcription factor in the plant that have an important function for plant growth and development. Although the SPL gene family has been widely studied and reported in many various plant species from gymnosperm to angiosperm, there are no systematic studies and reports about the SPL gene family in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. In this study, we conducted transcriptome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis, structure analysis, and expression characteristics analysis of SPL gene family in Panax ginseng by bioinformatics. We annotated the PgSPL gene family and found that they might involve in multiple functions including encoding structural proteins, but the main function were still focused on the binding function. The result showed that 106 PgSPL transcripts were classified into two clades - A and B, both of which respectively consisted of three groups. Besides, we profiled PgSPL transcripts’ genotypic, temporal, and spatial expression characteristics. Furthermore, we calculated the correlation of PgSPL transcripts in the 14 tissues of a 4 years old ginseng and 42 farmers’ cultivars farmers’ cultivars of 4 years old ginsengs’ roots with both results showing that SPL transcripts formed a single network, which indicated that PgSPLs inter-coordinated when performing their functions. What’s more, we found that most PgSPL transcripts tended to express in older ginseng instead of younger ginseng, which was not only reflected in the expression of more types of SPL transcripts in older ginseng, but also in the higher expression of SPL transcripts in older ginseng. Additionally, we found that four PgSPL transcripts were only massively expressed in roots. According to PgSPL transcripts’ expression characteristics, we found that PgSPL23-35 and PgSPL24-09 were most proper two transcripts to further study as ginseng age’s molecular marker. These results provide the basis for further elucidation of the PgSPL transcripts’ biological function in ginseng and ginseng genetics improvement and gene breeding in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants9030354
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparisons of Drug-Eluting Balloon versus Drug-Eluting Stent in the Treatment of Young Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2023-01-13), p. 29-
    Details
    In: Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2023-01-13), p. 29-
    Abstract: Background: The incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the younger population has been increasing gradually in recent years. The objective of the present study is to investigate the safety and effectiveness of drug-eluting balloons (DEBs) in young patients with AMI. Methods: All consecutive patients with AMI aged ≤ 45 years were retrospectively enrolled. The primary endpoint was a device-oriented composite endpoint (DOCE) of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (MI), or target lesion revascularization (TLR). The secondary study endpoints included heart failure and major bleeding events. Results: A total of 276 young patients presenting with AMI were finally included. The median follow-up period was 1155 days. Patients treated with DEBs had a trend toward a lower incidence of DOCEs (3.0% vs. 11.0%, p = 0.12) mainly driven by the need for TLR (3.0% vs. 9.1%, p = 0.19) than those treated with DESs. No significant differences between the two groups were detected in the occurrence of cardiac death (0.0% vs. 0.5%, p = 0.69), MI (0.0% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.40), heart failure (0.0% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.39), or major bleeding events (1.5% vs 4.8%, p = 0.30). Multivariate regression analysis showed that DEBs were associated with a trend toward a lower risk of DOCEs (HR 0.13, 95% CI [0.02, 1.05], p = 0.06). Conclusions: The findings of the present study suggested that DEBs might be a potential treatment option in young patients with AMI. A larger scale, randomized, multicenter study is required to investigate the safety and effectiveness of DEBs in this setting.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2308-3425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10010029
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2777082-5
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lethal and Sublethal Toxicity of Beta-Carboline Alkaloids from Peganum harmala (L.) against Aedes albopictus Larvae (Diptera: Culicidae)
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Toxics Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2023-04-03), p. 341-
    Details
    In: Toxics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2023-04-03), p. 341-
    Abstract: Plant-derived agents are powerful bio-pesticides for the eco-friendly control of mosquito vectors and other blood-sucking arthropods. The larval toxicity of beta-carboline alkaloids against the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), was investigated under laboratory conditions. The total alkaloid extracts (TAEs) and beta-carboline alkaloids (harmaline, harmine, harmalol, and harman) from Peganum harmala seeds were isolated and tested in this bioassay. All alkaloids were tested either individually or as binary mixtures, using the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) and Abbott’s formula analysis. The results revealed considerable toxicity of the tested alkaloids against A. albopictus larvae. When all larval instars were exposed to the TAEs at 48 h post-treatment, the mortality of all larval instars varied in a concentration-dependent manner. The second-instar larvae were the most susceptible to different concentrations of TAEs, and the fourth-instar larvae were more tolerant to TAEs than the second-instar larvae. Especially, the third-instar larvae exposed to all alkaloids also showed that all doses resulted in an increased mortality of the third-instar larvae at 48 h post-treatment, and the toxicities of the tested alkaloids in a descending order were TAEs 〉 harmaline 〉 harmine 〉 harmalol, with the LC50 values of 44.54 ± 2.56, 55.51 ± 3.01, 93.67 ± 4.53, and 117.87 ± 5.61 μg/mL at 48 h post-treatment, respectively. In addition, all compounds were also tested individually or in a 1:1 ratio (dose LC25/LC25) as binary mixtures to assess the synergistic toxicity of these binary combinations against the third-instar larvae at 24 and 48 h post-treatment, respectively. The results demonstrated that when tested as a binary mixture, all compounds (especially TAEs, harmaline, and harmine) showed their synergistic effects, exceeding the toxicity of each compound alone. Interestingly, the obtained data further revealed that the TAEs at sublethal doses (LC10 and LC25) could significantly delay the larval development and decrease the pupation and emergence rates of A. albopictus. This phenomenon could be helpful in order to develop more effective control strategies for different notorious vector mosquitoes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2305-6304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040341
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2733883-6
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