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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Swimming Suppresses Cognitive Decline of HFD-Induced Obese Mice through Reversing Hippocampal Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and BDNF Level
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 14, No. 12 ( 2022-06-11), p. 2432-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 12 ( 2022-06-11), p. 2432-
    Abstract: Obesity is an important public health problem nowadays. Long-term obesity can trigger a series of chronic diseases and impair the learning and memory function of the brain. Current studies show that scientific exercise can effectively improve learning and memory capacity, which also can provide benefits for obese people. However, the underlying mechanisms for the improvement of cognitive capacity under the status of obesity still need to be further explored. In the present study, the obesity-induced cognition-declined model was established using 4-week-old mice continuously fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, and then the model mice were subjected to an 8-week swimming intervention and corresponding evaluation of relevant indicators, including cognitive capacity, inflammation, insulin signal pathway, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF), and apoptosis, for exploring potential regulatory mechanisms. Compared with the mice fed with regular diets, the obese mice revealed the impairment of cognitive capacity; in contrast, swimming intervention ameliorated the decline in cognitive capacity of obese mice by reducing inflammatory factors, inhibiting the JNK/IRS-1/PI3K/Akt signal pathway, and activating the PGC-1α/BDNF signal pathway, thereby suppressing the apoptosis of neurons. Therefore, swimming may be an important interventional strategy to compensate for obesity-induced cognitive impairment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu14122432
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 2
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    Ontogenetic Development of Sexual Dimorphism in Body Mass of Wild Black-and-White Snub-Nosed Monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti)
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Animals Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2023-05-08), p. 1576-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2023-05-08), p. 1576-
    Abstract: Sexual dimorphism exists widely in animals, manifesting in different forms, such as body size, color, shape, unique characteristics, behavior, and sound. Of these, body mass dimorphism is the most obvious. Studies of evolutionary and ontogenetic development and adaptation mechanisms of animals’ sexual dimorphism in body mass (SDBM), allow us to understand how environment, social group size, diet, and other external factors have driven the selection of sexual dimorphism. There are fewer reports of the ontogenetic development of sexual dimorphism in body mass in Rhinopithecus. This study explores the ontogenetic development pattern of SDBM in wild black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys (R. bieti), and the causes resulting in extreme sexual dimorphism compared to other colobines. A significant dimorphism with a ratio of 1.27 (p 〈 0.001) appears when females enter the reproductive period around six years old, reaching a peak (1.85, p 〈 0.001) when males become sexually mature. After the age of eight, the SDBM falls to 1.78, but is still significant (p 〈 0.001). The results also indicate that males had a longer body mass growth period than females (8 years vs. 5 years); females in larger breeding units had a significantly higher SDBM than those in smaller ones (2.12 vs. 1.93, p 〈 0.01). A comparative analysis with other colobines further clarifies that Rhinopithecus and Nasalis, which both have multilevel social organization, have the highest degree of SDBM among all colobines. The large SDBM in R. bieti can be explained through Bergman’s and Rensch’s rules. Overall, environmental adaptation, a distinctive alimentary system, and a complex social structure contribute to R. bieti having such a remarkable SDBM compared to other colobines. In addition, we found that females’ choice for males may not be significantly related to the development of SDBM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani13091576
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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  • 3
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    Platinum-Group Mineral Occurrences and Platinum-Group Elemental Geochemistry of the Xiadong Alaskan-Type Complex in the Southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Minerals Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2018-11-01), p. 494-
    Details
    In: Minerals, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2018-11-01), p. 494-
    Abstract: Alaskan-type complexes commonly contain primary platinum-group element (PGE) alloys and lack base-metal sulfides in their dunite and chromite-bearing rocks. They could therefore host PGE deposits with rare sulfide mineralization. A detailed scanning electron microscope investigation on dunites from the Xiadong Alaskan-type complex in the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt revealed: various occurrences of platinum-group minerals (PGMs) that are dominated by inclusions in chromite grains containing abundant Ru, Os, S and a small amount of Pd and Te, indicating that they mainly formed prior to or simultaneously with the crystallization of the host minerals; A few Os–Ir–Rurich phases with iridium/platinum-group element (IPGE) alloy, anduoite (Ru,Ir,Ni)(As,S)2−x and irarsite (IrAsS) were observed in chromite fractures, and as laurite (RuS2) in clinopyroxene, which was likely related to late-stage hydrothermal alteration. The rocks in the Xiadong complex display large PGE variations with ∑PGE of 0.38–112 ppb. The dunite has the highest PGE concentrations (8.69–112 ppb), which is consistent with the presence of PGMs. Hornblende clinopyroxenite, hornblendite and hornblende gabbro were all depleted in PGEs, indicating that PGMs were likely already present at an early phase of magma and were mostly collected afterward in dunites during magma differentiation. Compared with the regional mafic–ultramafic intrusions in Eastern Tianshan, the Xiadong complex show overall higher average PGE concentration. This is consistent with the positive PGE anomalies revealed by regional geochemical surveys. The Xiadong complex, therefore, has potential for PGE exploration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-163X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/min8110494
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2655947-X
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  • 4
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    A Flexible, Generic Photogrammetric Approach to Zoom Lens Calibration
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2017-03-06), p. 244-
    Details
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2017-03-06), p. 244-
    Abstract: Compared with prime lenses, zoom lenses have inherent advantages in terms of operational flexibility. Zoom lens camera systems have therefore been extensively adopted in computer vision where precise measurement is not the primary objective. However, the variation of intrinsic camera parameters with respect to zoom lens settings poses a series of calibration challenges that have inhibited widespread use in close-range photogrammetry. A flexible zoom lens calibration methodology is therefore proposed in this study, developed with the aim of simplifying the calibration process and promoting practical photogrammetric application. A zoom-dependent camera model that incorporates empirical zoom-related intrinsic parameters into the collinearity condition equations is developed. Coefficients of intrinsic parameters are solved in a single adjustment based on this zoom lens camera model. To validate the approach, experiments on both optical- and digital-zoom lens cameras were conducted using a planar board with evenly distributed circular targets. Zoom lens calibration was performed with images taken at four different zoom settings spread throughout the zoom range of a lens. Photogrammetric accuracies achieved through both mono-focal and multi-focal triangulations were evaluated after calibration. The relative accuracies for mono-focal triangulations ranged from 1: 6300 to 1: 18,400 for the two cameras studied, whereas the multi-focal triangulation accuracies ranged from 1: 11,300 to 1: 16,200. In order to demonstrate the applicability of the approach, calibrated zoom lens imagery was used to render a laser-scanned point cloud of a building façade. Considered alongside experimental results, the successful application demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed calibration method, thereby facilitating the adoption of zoom lens cameras in close range photogrammetry for a wide range of scientific and practical applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/rs9030244
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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  • 5
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    Adalimumab in Treating Refractory Livedoid Vasculopathy
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Vaccines Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2022-04-01), p. 549-
    Details
    In: Vaccines, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2022-04-01), p. 549-
    Abstract: Livedoid vasculopathy is a chronic, recurrent skin disorder. It seriously affects the quality of patients’ life. However, the pathogenesis has not been fully identified yet. Here, this retrospective study describes the successful use of anti-TNF-α agent adalimumab in three cases of refractory livedoid vasculopathy, which has not been reported previously. In addition, we provide some clinical evidence that adalimumab therapy is efficient in improving skin lesions and relieving the pain of livedoid vasculopathy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-393X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10040549
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2703319-3
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  • 6
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    The Effect of Molecular Mass of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose on the Performance of Capillary Electrophoretic Separation of Proteins
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Separations Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2022-10-03), p. 284-
    Details
    In: Separations, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2022-10-03), p. 284-
    Abstract: Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a versatile analytical separation method in the field of biochemistry. Although it has been proved that the relative molecular mass (Mr) of the polymers determines the threshold concentration of the entangled polymer solution, which will affect the separation performance of DNA molecules, there is still no report on the effect of Mr on the separation performance of proteins. Herein, we have thoroughly performed the CE of proteins ranged from 14.3 kDa to 116 kDa in a mixed hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) solution. The mixed solution was obtained with various Mr including 90,000, 250,000, 720,000, and 1,300,000. Then, we found that the mixed polymer provided a high resolution for small protein molecules while increasing the efficiency of large ones. Results demonstrated that the migration time decreased if HEC (1,300,000) was mixed with the lower Mr one, and the mixed solution (1,300,000/250,000) offered the highest resolution. The resolution was negatively correlated with the electric field strength. Finally, we have employed the optimal electrophoretic conditions to separate proteins in human tears, and it showed that lysozyme, lipocalin, and lactoferrin from human tears were successfully resolved in the mixed HEC. Such work indicates that CE has the potential to be developed as a tool for the diagnosis of xerophthalmia, meibomian gland dysfunction, or other eye diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-8739
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/separations9100284
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2869930-0
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  • 7
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    Machine Learning Models for Data-Driven Prediction of Diabetes by Lifestyle Type
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 22 ( 2022-11-15), p. 15027-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 22 ( 2022-11-15), p. 15027-
    Abstract: The prevalence of diabetes has been increasing in recent years, and previous research has found that machine-learning models are good diabetes prediction tools. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of five different machine-learning models for diabetes prediction using lifestyle data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. The 1999–2020 NHANES database yielded data on 17,833 individuals data based on demographic characteristics and lifestyle-related variables. To screen training data for machine models, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) forward propagation algorithm was utilized. For predicting diabetes, five machine-learning models (CATBoost, XGBoost, Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), and Support Vector Machine (SVM)) were developed. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1 score, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Among the five machine-learning models, the dietary intake levels of energy, carbohydrate, and fat, contributed the most to the prediction of diabetes patients. In terms of model performance, CATBoost ranks higher than RF, LG, XGBoost, and SVM. The best-performing machine-learning model among the five is CATBoost, which achieves an accuracy of 82.1% and an AUC of 0.83. Machine-learning models based on NHANES data can assist medical institutions in identifying diabetes patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215027
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
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    Association Between PM2.5 and Daily Hospital Admissions for Heart Failure: A Time-Series Analysis in Beijing
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 15, No. 10 ( 2018-10-11), p. 2217-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 10 ( 2018-10-11), p. 2217-
    Abstract: There is little evidence that acute exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) impacts the rate of hospitalization for congestive heart failure (CHF) in developing countries. The primary purpose of the present retrospective study was to evaluate the short-term association between ambient PM2.5 and hospitalization for CHF in Beijing, China. A total of 15,256 hospital admissions for CHF from January 2010 to June 2012 were identified from Beijing Medical Claim Data for Employees and a time-series design with generalized additive Poisson model was used to assess the obtained data. We found a clear significant exposure response association between PM2.5 and the number of hospitalizations for CHF. Increasing PM2.5 daily concentrations by 10 μg/m3 caused a 0.35% (95% CI, 0.06–0.64%) increase in the number of CHF admissions on the same day. We also found that female and older patients were more susceptible to PM2.5. These associations remained significant in sensitivity analyses involving changing the degrees of freedom of calendar time, temperature, and relative humidity. PM2.5 was associated with significantly increased risk of hospitalization for CHF in this citywide study. These findings may contribute to the limited scientific evidence about the acute impacts of PM2.5 on CHF in China.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102217
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 9
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    Administrative Level May Be the Key Factor to Improve Protection Effectiveness of Nature Reserves in China
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 8 ( 2022-04-18), p. 4853-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 8 ( 2022-04-18), p. 4853-
    Abstract: Nature reserves (NRs) have been the backbone of biodiversity conservation and the construction of China’s ‘ecological-civilization’ since the 1950s. With over 11,800 protected areas (PAs) covering 18% of the country’s land area, Chinese NRs have made a great contribution to global biodiversity conservation. At this point, better protection effectiveness can be achieved by optimizing the management organization rather than expanding the area. We analyzed the management structure of Chinese NRs by looking at their ranks, the hierarchy of administrative organs, number of grass-root stations, manpower, and financial resources, among other variables. We found that the average number of staff employed and yearly financial input per km2 of Chinese NRs were both higher than the world and US averages. However, the range was extremely high, revealing great unbalance among different regions and ranks of NRs. In particular, the western part of China, which is less developed and features the least disturbed ecosystems, received less funding and staff resources than the developed east. A further analysis of the highest-ranked nature reserves, i.e., the national nature reserves (NNRs), showed that administrative organs of different hierarchical statuses (the lowest being Deputy family, the highest being Division level) could be in charge of them. Unexpectedly, we found that the amount of human and financial resources injected into NNRs was correlated with the level of their administration but dissociated from other important factors such as the reserve’s size or ecological value. Furthermore, the management organization was inadequate, with many NRs lacking key departments as defined by Chinese nature reserve regulations. We suggest that the administrative levels of management organization in NRs should be unified, and through the existing ecological transfer payments policy, strengthen the financial and staffing input in the western NRs of China. Moreover, the internal structure of NRs management should include all relevant departments with specific tasks and the creation of grass-root stations should be promoted without neglecting the capacity building to improve staff’s knowledge.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su14084853
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 10
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    Hsp40 Protein DNAJB6 Interacts with Viral NS3 and Inhibits the Replication of the Japanese Encephalitis Virus
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 20, No. 22 ( 2019-11-14), p. 5719-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 22 ( 2019-11-14), p. 5719-
    Abstract: The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus prevalent in east and southeast Asia, the Western Pacific, and northern Australia. Since viruses are obligatory intracellular pathogens, the dynamic processes of viral entry, replication, and assembly are dependent on numerous host-pathogen interactions. Efforts to identify JEV-interacting host factors are ongoing because their identification and characterization remain incomplete. Three enzymatic activities of flavivirus non-structural protein 3 (NS3), including serine protease, RNA helicase, and triphosphatase, play major roles in the flaviviruses lifecycle. To identify cellular factors that interact with NS3, we screened a human brain cDNA library using a yeast two-hybrid assay, and identified eight proteins that putatively interact with NS3: COPS5, FBLN5, PPP2CB, CRBN, DNAJB6, UBE2N, ZNF350, and GPR137B. We demonstrated that the DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B6 (DNAJB6) colocalizes and interacts with NS3, and has a negative regulatory function in JEV replication. We also show that loss of DNAJB6 function results in significantly increased viral replication, but does not affect viral binding or internalization. Moreover, the time-course of DNAJB6 disruption during JEV infection varies in a viral load-dependent manner, suggesting that JEV targets this host chaperone protein for viral benefit. Deciphering the modes of NS3-interacting host proteins functions in virion production will shed light on JEV pathogenic mechanisms and may also reveal new avenues for antiviral therapeutics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225719
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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