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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Expression Patterns and Gonadotropin Regulation of the TGF-β II Receptor (Bmpr2) during Ovarian Development in the Ricefield Eel Monopterus albus
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 23 ( 2022-12-05), p. 15349-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 23 ( 2022-12-05), p. 15349-
    Abstract: Bmpr2 plays a central role in the regulation of reproductive development in mammals, but its role during ovarian development in fish is still unclear. To ascertain the function of bmpr2 in ovarian development in the ricefield eel, we isolated and characterized the bmpr2 cDNA sequence; the localization of Bmpr2 protein was determined by immunohistochemical staining; and the expression patterns of bmpr2 in ovarian tissue incubated with FSH and hCG in vitro were analyzed. The full-length bmpr2 cDNA was 3311 bp, with 1061 amino acids encoded. Compared to other tissues, bmpr2 was abundantly expressed in the ovary and highly expressed in the early yolk accumulation (EV) stages of the ovary. In addition, a positive signal for Bmpr2 was detected in the cytoplasm of oocytes in primary growth (PG) and EV stages. In vitro, the expression level of gdf9, the ligand of bmpr2, in the 10 ng/mL FSH treatment group was significantly higher after incubation for 4 h than after incubation for different durations. However, bmpr2 expression in the 10 ng/mL FSH treatment group at 2 h, 4 h and 10 h was significantly lower. Importantly, the expression level of bmpr2 and gdf9 in the 100 IU/mL hCG group had similar changes that were significantly decreased at 4 h and 10 h. In summary, Bmpr2 might play a pivotal role in ovarian growth in the ricefield eel, and these results provide a better understanding of the function of bmpr2 in ovarian development and the basic data for further exploration of the regulatory mechanism of gdf9 in oocyte development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315349
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bibliometrics-Based: Trends in Phytoremediation of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soil
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Land Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2022-11-13), p. 2030-
    Details
    In: Land, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2022-11-13), p. 2030-
    Abstract: Land purity is of central importance to crop production. The accumulation of toxic elements in soil seriously affects crop safety. Phytoremediation is a widely used technology to clean soil pollution because of its low cost, simple implementation, and lack of secondary pollution. This investigation includes data from 4787 articles on phytoremediation of heavy metals in soil from the period between 2008 and 2021, acquired from Web of Science databases. VOSviewer was utilized to conduct statistical analysis of countries (regions), institutions, journals, cited literature, and keywords. According to the statistical data, the use of phytoremediation for cleaning soil with heavy metals has matured in recent years, showing a trend of rapid growth. There were also few collaborative studies on this subject between institutions, and China has the most extensive research in this field and, therefore, has the highest number of publications, followed by India and the United States. Publications from Pakistan are very in-depth and have the highest average number of citations. It was discovered that many researchers are now publishing articles on Environmental Science and Pollution Research. Chemosphere was revealed as the most influential journal, whereas The Journal of Hazardous Materials was the most cited. In-depth research on keywords such as metal enrichment, super-enrichment plants, phytoremediation, Cd, Pb, etc. have been conducted by many scientists; however, the research content for different countries was different. The review analysis revealed that in the future it will be possible to breed trees with high heavy metal accumulation, or to use transgenic plants and ornamental plants with high tolerance to prevent and control heavy metal pollution in soil. This paper aims to provide references for scholars in this field and to allow them quick access to summarized knowledge on this topic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-445X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/land11112030
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2682955-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estradiol Upregulates the Expression of the TGF-β Receptors ALK5 and BMPR2 during the Gonadal Development of Schizothorax prenanti
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Animals Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2021-05-11), p. 1365-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2021-05-11), p. 1365-
    Abstract: TGF-β receptors play important roles in mediating TGF-β signals during gonadal development. To identify the functions of TGF-β receptors, including the type I receptor (activin receptor-like kinase 5, ALK5) and type II receptor (bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2, BMPR2), during the gonadal development of S. prenanti, the full-length cDNA sequences of ALK5 and BMPR2 were isolated and characterized. Their expression patterns in developing gonads and in the gonads of exogenous estradiol (E2) -fed fish were analyzed. The cDNAs of ALK5 and BMPR2 were 1925 bp and 3704 bp in length and encoded 501 and 1070 amino acid residues, respectively. ALK5 and BMPR2 were mostly expressed in gonads, particularly in cortical alveoli stage ovaries and mid-spermatogenic stage testes; however, the overall level of BMPR2 mRNA was higher than that of ALK5 during gonadal development. Furthermore, immunohistochemical signals of ALK5 and BMPR2 were mostly detected at chromatin nucleolar oocytes and perinuclear oocytes in ovaries and at spermatocytes and spermatogonia in testes. Exogenous E2 induces the gonadal expression of ALK5 and BMPR2, and BMPR2 is more responsive to E2 than ALK5. These results suggest that ALK5 and BMPR2 might play a potentially vital role in both folliculogenesis and spermatogenesis in S. prenanti.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani11051365
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cryogenic 3D Printing of w/o Pickering Emulsions Containing Bifunctional Drugs for Producing Hierarchically Porous Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds with Antibacterial Capability
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 17 ( 2022-08-27), p. 9722-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 17 ( 2022-08-27), p. 9722-
    Abstract: How to fabricate bone tissue engineering scaffolds with excellent antibacterial and bone regeneration ability has attracted increasing attention. Herein, we produced a hierarchical porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-polycaprolactone composite bone tissue engineering scaffold containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) through a micro-extrusion-based cryogenic 3D printing of Pickering emulsion inks, in which the hydrophobic silica (h-SiO2) nanoparticles were used as emulsifiers to stabilize composite Pickering emulsion inks. Hierarchically porous scaffolds with desirable antibacterial properties and bone-forming ability were obtained. Grid scaffolds with a macroscopic pore size of 250.03 ± 75.88 μm and a large number of secondary micropores with a diameter of 24.70 ± 15.56 μm can be fabricated through cryogenic 3D printing, followed by freeze-drying treatment, whereas the grid structure of scaffolds printed or dried at room temperature was discontinuous, and fewer micropores could be observed on the strut surface. Moreover, the impartment of β-TCP in scaffolds changed the shape and density of the micropores but endowed the scaffold with better osteoconductivity. Scaffolds loaded with TCH had excellent antibacterial properties and could effectively promote the adhesion, expansion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells afterward. The scaffolds loaded with TCH could realize the strategy to “kill bacteria first, then induce osteogenesis”. Such hierarchically porous scaffolds with abundant micropores, excellent antibacterial property, and improved bone-forming ability display great prospects in treating bone defects with infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179722
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Investigation of the JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN Gene Family Reveals the Canonical JA-Signaling Pathway in Pineapple
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Biology Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2022-03-15), p. 445-
    Details
    In: Biology, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2022-03-15), p. 445-
    Abstract: JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins are negative regulators of the jasmonate (JA)-signaling pathway and play pivotal roles in plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Genome-wide identification of JAZ genes has been performed in many plant species. However, systematic information about pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) JAZ genes (AcJAZs) is still not available. In this study, we identified 14 AcJAZ genes and classified them into five groups along with the Arabidopsis and rice orthologs. The AcJAZ genes have 3–10 exons, and the putative AcJAZ proteins have between two and eight conserved regions, including the TIFY motif and Jas domain. The cis-acting element analysis revealed that the putative promoter regions of AcJAZs contain between three and eight abiotic stress-responsive cis-acting elements. The gene-expression analysis suggested that AcJAZs were expressed differentially during plant development and subjected to regulation by the cold, heat, salt, and osmotic stresses as well as by phytohormones. Moreover, the BiFC analysis of protein interactions among the central JA-signaling regulators showed that AcJAZ4, AcMYC2, AcNINJA, and AcJAM1 could interact with AcJAZ5 and AcJAZ13 in vivo, indicating a canonical JA-signaling pathway in pineapple. These results increase our understanding of the functions of AcJAZs and the responses of the core players in the JA-signaling pathway to abiotic stresses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-7737
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biology11030445
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661517-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Illustrating and Enhancing the Biosynthesis of Astaxanthin and Docosahexaenoic Acid in Aurantiochytrium sp. SK4
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Marine Drugs Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2019-01-10), p. 45-
    Details
    In: Marine Drugs, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2019-01-10), p. 45-
    Abstract: The marine thraustochytrids are a promising source of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the ketocarotenoid astaxanthin. In this study, the biosynthetic pathways of these two important metabolites in Aurantiochytrium sp. SK4 was illustrated by the analyses of the genome, transcriptome, key enzymes, and pathway products. Two sets of genes were involved in two pathways for the biosynthesis of fatty acids. The absence of Δ-15 desaturase genes and the presence of docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), up to 12% of total fatty acids suggest that Aurantiochytrium sp. SK4 may synthesize DHA mainly via a polyketide synthase (PKS) pathway. Three enzymes, namely geranyl diphosphate synthase (GPPS), farnysyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS), and geranylgeranyle diphosphate synthase (GGPPS) were found to be involved in the formation of GGPP that was subsequently catalyzed to β-carotene by a trifunctional CrtIBY enzyme. β-Carotene might be ketolated and then hydroxylated into astaxanthin based on the carotenoid profiles. The formation of GGPP was proposed to be the limiting steps for carotenoid production. Overexpression of the Archaeoglobus GPS together with the Escherichia coli isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase, and Vitreoscilla hemoglobin resulted in not only 1.85- and 5.02-fold increases of total carotenoids and astaxanthin, but also 2.40- and 2.74-fold increases of total fatty acids and DHA. This study provides insights into the biosynthesis of carotenoids and fatty acids in Aurantiochytrium.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/md17010045
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175190-0
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Predictive Significance of Prognostic Nutritional Index and Serum Albumin/Globulin Ratio on the Overall Survival of Penile Cancer Patients Undergoing Penectomy
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Current Oncology Vol. 29, No. 10 ( 2022-10-11), p. 7569-7578
    Details
    In: Current Oncology, MDPI AG, Vol. 29, No. 10 ( 2022-10-11), p. 7569-7578
    Abstract: Objective: To assess the value of using the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and serum albumin/globulin ratio (AGR) in predicting the overall survival (OS) of patients with penile cancer (PC) undergoing penectomy. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 123 patients who were admitted to our hospital due to PC from April 2010 to September 2021 and who underwent penectomy were included in the study. The optimal cut-off value of the PNI and AGR was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Kaplan–Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazard model were used to evaluate the correlation between the PNI, AGR, and OS in patients with PC. Results: A total of 16 of the 123 patients died during the follow-up period, and the median follow-up time was 58.0 months. The best cut-off values of the PNI and AGR were set to 49.03 (95% confidence interval 0.705–0.888, Youden index = 0.517, sensitivity = 57.9%, specificity = 93.7%, p 〈 0.001) and 1.28 (95% confidence interval 0.610–0.860, Youden index = 0.404, sensitivity = 84.1%, specificity = 56.2%, p = 0.003). The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the OS of the patients in the high PNI group and the high AGR group was significantly higher than that of the patients in the low PNI group and the low AGR group (p 〈 0.001). The univariable analysis showed that the aCCI, the clinical N stage, the pathological stage, and the PNI, AGR, SII, and PLR are all predictors of OS in patients with PC (p 〈 0.05). The multivariable analysis showed that the PNI (risk rate [HR] = 0.091; 95% CI: 0.010–0.853; p = 0.036) and the AGR (risk rate [HR] = 0.171; 95% CI: 0.043–0.680; p = 0.012) are independent prognostic factors for predicting OS in patients with PC undergoing penectomy. Conclusions: Both the PNI score and the serum AGR are independent prognostic factors for predicting OS in patients with PC undergoing penectomy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1718-7729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29100596
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2270777-3
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Relationship between Short Video Flow, Addiction, Serendipity, and Achievement Motivation among Chinese Vocational School Students: The Post-Epidemic Era Context
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2023-02-05), p. 462-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2023-02-05), p. 462-
    Abstract: Since the COVID-19 outbreak, people have been spending more time in the online world because of restrictions on face-to-face communication due to epidemic prevention controls. This has also brought the issue of Internet addiction, including the overuse and negative effects of short videos, to the forefront of attention. Past research has found that Internet addiction has a negative impact on well-being. However, there is a special concept of positive emotion called “serendipity” (小确幸). Serendipity provides a small, fleeting but positive experience, yet it is often associated with negative perceptions from an outside perspective. However, the relationship between short video addiction and serendipity is not yet known. Based on this, a theoretical model was developed in the context of the I-PACE model. To understand the relationship between short video addiction and serendipity among college students, in this study, we conducted snowball sampling and distributed online questionnaires using the Wenjuanxing platform. The target population of the questionnaire distribution was vocational college students in China, of whom 985 valid study participants responded, yielding a valid return rate of 82.1%. Of the respondents, 410 (41.6%) were male and 575 (58.4%) were female. The results were as follows: a. short video flow had a positive relationship with serendipity, a negative relationship with achievement motivation, and a positive effect on short video addiction; b. short video addiction had a positive effect on serendipity and a negative effect on achievement motivation; and c. serendipity had a negative impact on achievement motivation. This shows that short video addiction, like other Internet addictions, can have a negative impact on students’ learning.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040462
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
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    Screening the Key Region of Sunlight Regulating the Flavonoid Profiles of Young Shoots in Tea Plants (Camellia sinensis L.) Based on a Field Experiment
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Molecules Vol. 26, No. 23 ( 2021-11-26), p. 7158-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 26, No. 23 ( 2021-11-26), p. 7158-
    Abstract: Both UV and blue light have been reported to regulate the biosynthesis of flavonoids in tea plants; however, the respective contributions of the corresponding regions of sunlight are unclear. Additionally, different tea cultivars may respond differently to altered light conditions. We investigated the responses of different cultivars (‘Longjing 43’, ‘Zhongming 192’, ‘Wanghai 1’, ‘Jingning 1’ and ‘Zhonghuang 2’) to the shade treatments (black and colored nets) regarding the biosynthesis of flavonoids. For all cultivars, flavonol glycosides showed higher sensitivity to light conditions compared with catechins. The levels of total flavonol glycosides in the young shoots of different tea cultivars decreased with the shade percentages of polyethylene nets increasing from 70% to 95%. Myricetin glycosides and quercetin glycosides were more sensitive to light conditions than kaempferol glycosides. The principal component analysis (PCA) result indicated that shade treatment greatly impacted the profiles of flavonoids in different tea samples based on the cultivar characteristics. UV is the crucial region of sunlight enhancing flavonol glycoside biosynthesis in tea shoots, which is also slight impacted by light quality according to the results of the weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). This study clarified the contributions of different wavelength regions of sunlight in a field experiment, providing a potential direction for slightly bitter and astringent tea cultivar breeding and instructive guidance for practical field production of premium teas based on light regimes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237158
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Angelica sinensis Polysaccharide and Astragalus membranaceus Polysaccharide Accelerate Liver Regeneration by Enhanced Glycolysis via Activation of JAK2/STAT3/HK2 Pathway
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Molecules Vol. 27, No. 22 ( 2022-11-15), p. 7890-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 27, No. 22 ( 2022-11-15), p. 7890-
    Abstract: The promotion of liver regeneration is crucial to avoid liver failure after hepatectomy. Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) and Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide (AMP) have been identified as being associated with hepatoprotective effects. However, their roles and specific mechanisms in liver regeneration remain to be elucidated. In the present study, it suggested that the respective use of ASP or AMP strikingly promoted hepatocyte proliferation in vitro with a wide range of concentrations (from 12.5 μg/mL to 3200 μg/mL), and a stronger promoting effect was observed in combined interventions. A significantly enhanced liver/body weight ratio (4.20%) on day 7 and reduced serum transaminase (ALT 243.53 IU/L and AST 423.74 IU/L) and total bilirubin (52.61 IU/L) levels on day 3 were achieved by means of ASP-AMP administration after partial hepatectomy in mice. Metabonomics showed that differential metabolites were enriched in glycolysis with high expression of beta-d-fructose 6-phosphate and lactate, followed by significantly strengthened lactate secretion in the supernatant (0.54) and serum (0.43) normalized to control. Upon ASP-AMP treatment, the knockdown of hexokinase 2 (HK2) or inhibited glycolysis caused by 2-deoxy-d-glucose decreased hepatocyte proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, pathway analysis predicted the role of JAK2/STAT3 pathway in ASP-AMP-regulated liver regeneration, and phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 was proven to be elevated in this promoting process. Finally, downregulated expression of HK2, an attenuated level of lactate secretion, and reduced hepatocyte proliferation were displayed when STAT3 was knocked out in vitro. Therefore, it can be concluded that ASP-AMP accelerated liver regeneration and exerted a hepatoprotective effect after hepatectomy, in which the JAK2/STAT3/HK2 pathway was actively involved in activating glycolysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227890
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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