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  • MDPI AG  (6)
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  • MDPI AG  (6)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Monotropein Protects against Inflammatory Bone Loss and Suppresses Osteoclast Formation and Bone Resorption by Inhibiting NFATc1 via NF-κB and Akt/GSK-3β Pathway
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 14, No. 19 ( 2022-09-24), p. 3978-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 19 ( 2022-09-24), p. 3978-
    Kurzfassung: Monotropein (Mon) is a kind of iridoid glycoside plant secondary metabolite primarily present in some edible and medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mon on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory bone loss in mice and osteoclasts (OCs) derived from bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), and explore the mechanisms underlying the effect of Mon on LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis. It was found that Mon markedly attenuated deterioration of the bone micro-architecture, enhanced tissue mineral content (TMC) and bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), reduced structure model index (SMI) and trabecular separation/spacing (Tb.Sp) in the bone tissue and decreased the activities of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b), receptor activator NF-κB (RANK), and receptor activator NF-κB ligand (RANKL) as well as the serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in LPS-treated mice. In addition, Mon treatment reduced the number of TRAP positive OCs in the bone tissue of LPS-treated mice and also exerted a stronger inhibitory effect on formation, differentiation, and F-actin ring construction of OCs derived from BMMs. Mon significantly inhibited the expression of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells c1 (NFATc1) and the immediate early gene (C-Fos) and nuclear translocation of NFATc1 in LPS-treated OCs, thereby inhibiting the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), cathepsin K (CtsK), and TRAP. Mon significantly inhibited the expression of TRAF6, phosphorylation of P65, and degradation of IKBα, thus inhibiting the activation of NF-κB pathway in LPS-induced inflammatory mice and OCs derived from BMMs, and also inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) in OCs derived from BMMs. In conclusion, these results suggested that Mon could effectively inhibit osteoclastogenesis both in vitro and in vivo and therefore may prove to be potential option for prevention and treatment of osteoclastic bone resorption-related diseases.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu14193978
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2518386-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    DPAFNet: A Multistage Dense-Parallel Attention Fusion Network for Pansharpening
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 14, No. 21 ( 2022-11-03), p. 5539-
    Details
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 21 ( 2022-11-03), p. 5539-
    Kurzfassung: Pansharpening is the technology to fuse a low spatial resolution MS image with its associated high spatial full resolution PAN image. However, primary methods have the insufficiency of the feature expression and do not explore both the intrinsic features of the images and correlation between images, which may lead to limited integration of valuable information in the pansharpening results. To this end, we propose a novel multistage Dense-Parallel attention fusion network (DPAFNet). The proposed parallel attention residual dense block (PARDB) module can focus on the intrinsic features of MS images and PAN images while exploring the correlation between the source images. To fuse more complementary information as much as possible, the features extracted from each PARDB are fused at multistage levels, which allows the network to better focus on and exploit different information. Additionally, we propose a new loss, where it calculates the L2-norm between the pansharpening results and PAN images to constrain the spatial structures. Experiments were conducted on simulated and real datasets and the evaluation results verified the superiority of the DPAFNet.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/rs14215539
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2513863-7
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch Extracts Prevent Bone Loss and Architectural Deterioration and Enhance Osteoblastic Bone Formation by Regulating the IGF-1/PI3K/mTOR Pathway in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 20, No. 16 ( 2019-08-15), p. 3964-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 16 ( 2019-08-15), p. 3964-
    Kurzfassung: Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (RR, named as Shudihuang in traditional Chinese medicine), the steamed roots of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch (Scrophulariaceae), has been demonstrated to have anti-diabetic and anti-osteoporotic activities. This study aimed to explore the protective effect and underlying mechanism of RR on diabetes-induced bone loss. It was found that RR regulated the alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin level, enhanced bone mineral density, and improved the bone microarchitecture in diabetic rats. The catalpol (CAT), acteoside (ACT), and echinacoside (ECH) from RR increased the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells injured by high glucose and promoted the production of IGF-1 and expression of related proteins in BMP and IGF-1/PI3K/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTOR) signaling pathways. The verifying tests of inhibitors of BMP pathway (noggin) and IGF-1/PI3K/mTOR pathway (picropodophyllin) and molecular docking of IGF-1R further indicated that CAT, ACT, and ECH extracted from RR enhanced bone formation by regulating IGF-1/PI3K/mTOR signaling pathways. These findings suggest that RR may prove to be a promising candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of diabetes-induced osteoporosis.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163964
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Adaptive Separation of Respiratory and Heartbeat Signals among Multiple People Based on Empirical Wavelet Transform Using UWB Radar
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Sensors Vol. 20, No. 17 ( 2020-08-31), p. 4913-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 17 ( 2020-08-31), p. 4913-
    Kurzfassung: The non-contact monitoring of vital signs by radar has great prospects in clinical monitoring. However, the accuracy of separated respiratory and heartbeat signals has not satisfied the clinical limits of agreement. This paper presents a study for automated separation of respiratory and heartbeat signals based on empirical wavelet transform (EWT) for multiple people. The initial boundary of the EWT was set according to the limited prior information of vital signs. Using the initial boundary, empirical wavelets with a tight frame were constructed to adaptively separate the respiratory signal, the heartbeat signal and interference due to unconscious body movement. To verify the validity of the proposed method, the vital signs of three volunteers were simultaneously measured by a stepped-frequency continuous wave ultra-wideband (UWB) radar and contact physiological sensors. Compared with the vital signs from contact sensors, the proposed method can separate the respiratory and heartbeat signals among multiple people and obtain the precise rate that satisfies clinical monitoring requirements using a UWB radar. The detection errors of respiratory and heartbeat rates by the proposed method were within ±0.3 bpm and ±2 bpm, respectively, which are much smaller than those obtained by the bandpass filtering, empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and wavelet transform (WT) methods. The proposed method is unsupervised and does not require reference signals. Moreover, the proposed method can obtain accurate respiratory and heartbeat signal rates even when the persons unconsciously move their bodies.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s20174913
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2020
    ZDB Id: 2052857-7
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Eye-Resolvable Surface-Plasmon-Enhanced Fluorescence Temperature Sensor
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 12, No. 22 ( 2022-11-16), p. 4019-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 22 ( 2022-11-16), p. 4019-
    Kurzfassung: Temperature sensors are widely used in important fields such as daily home, medical care, and aerospace as a commonly used device for measuring temperature. Traditional temperature sensors such as thermocouples, thermal resistances, and infrared sensors are technically mature; however, they have limitations in the application environment, temperature measurement range, and temperature measurement accuracy. An eye-resolvable surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence temperature sensor based on dual-emission Ag@SiO2@CdS/ZnS composite nanoparticle film with multiple-parameter detectable signals and high response sensitivity was proposed in this work. The temperature sensor’s x-chromaticity coordinate varied from 0.299 to 0.358 in the range of 77–297 K, while the y-chromaticity coordinate varied from 0.288 to 0.440, displaying eye-resolvable surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence. The ratiometric response of two isolated photoluminescence (PL) peak-integrated areas located around 446 and 592 nm was found to be significantly temperature dependent, with a thermal sensitivity of 1.4% K−1, which can be used as an additional parameter to measure the precise temperature. Furthermore, the surface state emission peak intensity was linearly related to temperature, with a correlation index Adj. R-Square of 99.8%. Multiple independent temperature estimates can help with self-calibration and improve the measurement accuracy. Our findings show that the designed sensors can detect low temperatures while maintaining stability and reproducibility.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano12224019
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2662255-5
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Improved Management of Grassland to Promote Sustainable Use Based on Farm Size
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Agriculture Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-01-31), p. 350-
    Details
    In: Agriculture, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-01-31), p. 350-
    Kurzfassung: Grassland farms form the basis of grassland resource management in China. Farm sizes in China are generally small, which obviously increases the risk of grassland ecosystems. It is necessary to analyze the impact of farm size on grasslands from the perspective of livestock production in order to improve grassland management. This study combines field investigations and statistical analysis from 2004 to 2020, using a total of 126 farms from the Xilinguole League of Inner Mongolia in China as samples. These sample farms are divided into large farms and small farms. Different production scale and management behaviors are explored, along with their different impacts on grassland resources use. The results show that the expansion of farm size is constrained by the government management policies. Different behaviors are adopted by large and small farms in terms of finance, grassland circulation, and overgrazing management. The differentiation mechanisms of different farm size and the utilization of grassland resources are clarified in this study. This work suggests that managers promote sustainable use based on farm size and build appropriate policies to avoid future risks. The results of this study can provide a framework for solving similar problems.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2077-0472
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agriculture13020350
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2651678-0
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
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