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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Holospiniferoside: A New Antitumor Cerebroside from The Red Sea Cucumber Holothuria spinifera: In Vitro and In Silico Studies
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Molecules Vol. 26, No. 6 ( 2021-03-12), p. 1555-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 26, No. 6 ( 2021-03-12), p. 1555-
    Abstract: Chemical investigation of the methanolic extract of the Red Sea cucumber Holothuria spinifera led to the isolation of a new cerebroside, holospiniferoside (1), together with thymidine (2), methyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (3), a new triacylglycerol (4), and cholesterol (5). Their chemical structures were established by NMR and mass spectrometric analysis, including gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). All the isolated compounds are reported in this species for the first time. Moreover, compound 1 exhibited promising in vitro antiproliferative effect on the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) with IC50 of 20.6 µM compared to the IC50 of 15.3 µM for the drug cisplatin. To predict the possible mechanism underlying the cytotoxicity of compound 1, a docking study was performed to elucidate its binding interactions with the active site of the protein Mdm2–p53. Compound 1 displayed an apoptotic activity via strong interaction with the active site of the target protein. This study highlights the importance of marine natural products in the design of new anticancer agents.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061555
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Neuroprotectant Effects of Hibiscetin in 3-Nitropropionic Acid-Induced Huntington’s Disease via Subsiding Oxidative Stress and Modulating Monoamine Neurotransmitters in Rats Brain
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Molecules Vol. 28, No. 3 ( 2023-02-01), p. 1402-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 28, No. 3 ( 2023-02-01), p. 1402-
    Abstract: Background: Previously reported data suggest that hibiscetin, isolated from roselle, contains delphinidin-3-sambubioside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside including anthocyanidins and has a broad range of physiological effects. In this study, we aim to analyze the effect of hibiscetin neuroprotective ability in rats against 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA)-induced Huntington’s disease (HD). Methods: To investigate possible toxicities in animals, oral acute toxicity studies of hibiscetin were undertaken, and results revealed the safety of hibiscetin in animals with a maximum tolerated dose. Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 6); (group-1) treated with normal saline, (group-2) hibiscetin (10 mg/kg) only, (group-3) 3-NPA only, and (group-4) 3-NPA +10 mg/kg hibiscetin. The efficacy of hibiscetin 10 mg/kg was studied with the administration of 3-NPA doses for the induction of experimentally induced HD symptoms in rats. The mean body weight (MBW) was recorded at end of the study on day 22 to evaluate any change in mean body weight. Several biochemical parameters were assessed to support oxidative stress (GSH, SOD, CAT, LPO, GR, and GPx), alteration in neurotransmitters (DOPAC, HVA, 5-HIAA, norepinephrine, serotonin, GABA, and dopamine), alterations in BDNF and cleaved caspase (caspase 3) activity. Additionally, inflammatory markers, i.e., tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukins beta (IL-1β), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were evaluated. Results: The hibiscetin-treated group exhibits a substantial restoration of MBW than the 3-NPA control group. Furthermore, 3-NPA caused a substantial alteration in biochemical, neurotransmitter monoamines, and neuroinflammatory parameters which were restored successfully by hibiscetin. Conclusion: The current study linked the possible role of hibiscetin by offering neuroprotection in experimental animal models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031402
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Fabrication of Hollow Nanocones Membrane with an Extraordinary Surface Area as CO2 Sucker
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Polymers Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2022-01-03), p. 183-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2022-01-03), p. 183-
    Abstract: Recently, more and more attention has been paid to the development of eco-friendly solid sorbents that are cost-effective, noncorrosive, have a high gas capacity, and have low renewable energy for CO2 capture. Here, we claimed the fabrication of a three-dimensional (3D) film of hollow nanocones with a large surface area (949.5 m2/g), a large contact angle of 136.3°, and high surface energy. The synthetic technique is based on an electrochemical polymerization process followed by a novel and simple strategy for pulling off the formed layers as a membrane. Although the polymer-coated substrates were reported previously, the membrane formation has not been reported elsewhere. The detachable capability of the manufactured layer as a membrane braked the previous boundaries and allows the membrane’s uses in a wide range of applications. This 3D hollow nanocones membrane offer advantages over conventional ones in that they combine a π-electron-rich (aromatic ring), hydrophobicity, a large surface area, multiple amino groups, and a large pore volume. These substantial features are vital for CO2 capturing and storage. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity characteristic and application of the formed polymer as a CO2 sucker were investigated. These results demonstrated the potential of the synthesized 3D hollow polymer to be used for CO2 capturing with a gas capacity of about 68 mg/g and regeneration ability without the need for heat up.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym14010183
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527146-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Latent Heat Thermal Storage in Non-Uniform Metal Foam Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2021-02-23), p. 2401-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2021-02-23), p. 2401-
    Abstract: The melting heat transfer of CuO—coconut oil embedded in a non-uniform copper metal foam—was addressed. Copper foam is placed in a channel-shaped Thermal Energy Storage (TES) unit heated from one side. The foam is non-uniform with a linear porosity gradient in a direction perpendicular to the heated surface. The finite element method was applied to simulate natural convection flow and phase change heat transfer in the TES unit. The results showed that the porosity gradient could significantly boost the melting rate and stored energy rate in the TES unit. The best non-uniform porosity corresponds to a case in which the maximum porosity is next to a heated surface. The variation of the unit placement’s inclination angle is only important in the final stage of charging, where there is a dominant natural convection flow. The variation of porous pore size induces minimal impact on the phase change rate, except in the case of a large pore size of 30 pore density (PPI). The presence of nanoparticles could increase or decrease the charging time. However, using a 4% volume fraction of nanoparticles could mainly reduce the charging time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su13042401
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    New Cytotoxic Cyclic Peptide from the Marine Sponge-Associated Nocardiopsis sp. UR67
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Marine Drugs Vol. 16, No. 9 ( 2018-08-21), p. 290-
    Details
    In: Marine Drugs, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 9 ( 2018-08-21), p. 290-
    Abstract: A new cyclic hexapeptide, nocardiotide A (1), together with three known compounds—tryptophan (2), kynurenic acid (3), and 4-amino-3-methoxy benzoic acid (4)—were isolated and identified from the broth culture of Nocardiopsis sp. UR67 strain associated with the marine sponge Callyspongia sp. from the Red Sea. The structure elucidation of the isolated compounds were determined based on detailed spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experimental analyses in combination with high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), while the absolute stereochemistry of all amino acids components of nocardiotide A (1) was deduced using Marfey’s method. Additionally, ten known metabolites were dereplicated using HR-ESI-MS analysis. Nocardiotide A (1) displayed significant cytotoxic effects towards the murine CT26 colon carcinoma, human HeLa cervix carcinoma, and human MM.1S multiple myeloma cell lines. The results obtained revealed sponge-associated Nocardiopsis as a substantial source of lead natural products with pronounced pharmacological activities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/md16090290
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175190-0
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
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    Phytochemical Analysis, Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of Aloe vera Aqueous Extract against Selected Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Involved in Urinary Tract Infections
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Fermentation Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2022-11-11), p. 626-
    Details
    In: Fermentation, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 11 ( 2022-11-11), p. 626-
    Abstract: In bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections (UTIs), the gap between the development of new antimicrobials and antimicrobial resistance is dramatically increasing, especially in Gram-negative (Gram–) bacteria. All healthy products that can be used per se or that may be sources of antibacterial compounds should be considered in the fight against this major public health threat. In the present study, the phytochemical composition of Aloe vera extract was investigated by HPLC–MS/MS, and we further evaluated its antibacterial and antibiofilm formation activity against selected resistant Gram– bacteria involved in UTIs, namely, Achromobacter xylosoxidans 4892, Citrobacter freundii 426, Escherichia coli 1449, Klebsiella oxytoca 3003, Moraxella catarrhalis 4222, Morganella morganii 1543, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3057, and a reference strain E. coli ATCC 25922. Inhibition zones (IZs) of the extract were determined using the well diffusion method, minimum inhibitory (MIC), and bactericidal (MBC) concentration by the two-fold serial microdilution assay, and antibiofilm formation activity by the crystal violet attachment assay. Aloe-emodin and its derivatives were the major constituent (75.74%) of A. vera extract, the most important of them being aloesin (30.22%), aloe-emodin-diglucoside (12.58%), and 2′-p-methoxycoumaroylaloeresin B (9.64%). The minerals found in the extract were sulfur (S), silicon (Si), chlorine (Cl), potassium (K), and bromine (Br). Except for the clinical strain E. coli 1449, which was totally non-susceptible, A. vera demonstrated noteworthy antibacterial activity with MIC and MBC values ranging from 0.625 to 5 mg/mL and 5 to 10 mg/mL, respectively. A. vera also demonstrated dose-dependent antibacterial effects, and the reference strain E. coli ATCC 25922 was the most susceptible with MIC = 0.625 and IZ = 19 mm at 20 mg/mL. The antibiofilm formation potential of A. vera extract was strong at 2MIC and MIC (93–100% of biofilm formation inhibition), moderate at MIC/2 (32–41%), weak at MIC/4 (14–21%), and nil at MIC/8.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-5637
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8110626
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813985-9
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Impaired Right Ventricular Calcium Cycling Is an Early Risk Factor in R14del-Phospholamban Arrhythmias
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2021-06-03), p. 502-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2021-06-03), p. 502-
    Abstract: The inherited mutation (R14del) in the calcium regulatory protein phospholamban (PLN) is linked to malignant ventricular arrhythmia with poor prognosis starting at adolescence. However, the underlying early mechanisms that may serve as prognostic factors remain elusive. This study generated humanized mice in which the endogenous gene was replaced with either human wild type or R14del-PLN and addressed the early molecular and cellular pathogenic mechanisms. R14del-PLN mice exhibited stress-induced impairment of atrioventricular conduction, and prolongation of both ventricular activation and repolarization times in association with ventricular tachyarrhythmia, originating from the right ventricle (RV). Most of these distinct electrocardiographic features were remarkably similar to those in R14del-PLN patients. Studies in isolated cardiomyocytes revealed RV-specific calcium defects, including prolonged action potential duration, depressed calcium kinetics and contractile parameters, and elevated diastolic Ca-levels. Ca-sparks were also higher although SR Ca-load was reduced. Accordingly, stress conditions induced after contractions, and inclusion of the CaMKII inhibitor KN93 reversed this proarrhythmic parameter. Compensatory responses included altered expression of key genes associated with Ca-cycling. These data suggest that R14del-PLN cardiomyopathy originates with RV-specific impairment of Ca-cycling and point to the urgent need to improve risk stratification in asymptomatic carriers to prevent fatal arrhythmias and delay cardiomyopathy onset.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060502
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Latent Heat Phase Change Heat Transfer of a Nanoliquid with Nano–Encapsulated Phase Change Materials in a Wavy-Wall Enclosure with an Active Rotating Cylinder
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2021-03-01), p. 2590-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2021-03-01), p. 2590-
    Abstract: A Nano-Encapsulated Phase-Change Material (NEPCM) suspension is made of nanoparticles containing a Phase Change Material in their core and dispersed in a fluid. These particles can contribute to thermal energy storage and heat transfer by their latent heat of phase change as moving with the host fluid. Thus, such novel nanoliquids are promising for applications in waste heat recovery and thermal energy storage systems. In the present research, the mixed convection of NEPCM suspensions was addressed in a wavy wall cavity containing a rotating solid cylinder. As the nanoparticles move with the liquid, they undergo a phase change and transfer the latent heat. The phase change of nanoparticles was considered as temperature-dependent heat capacity. The governing equations of mass, momentum, and energy conservation were presented as partial differential equations. Then, the governing equations were converted to a non-dimensional form to generalize the solution, and solved by the finite element method. The influence of control parameters such as volume concentration of nanoparticles, fusion temperature of nanoparticles, Stefan number, wall undulations number, and as well as the cylinder size, angular rotation, and thermal conductivities was addressed on the heat transfer in the enclosure. The wall undulation number induces a remarkable change in the Nusselt number. There are optimum fusion temperatures for nanoparticles, which could maximize the heat transfer rate. The increase of the latent heat of nanoparticles (a decline of Stefan number) boosts the heat transfer advantage of employing the phase change particles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su13052590
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 9
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    Annexin A2 in Fibrinolysis, Inflammation and Fibrosis
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 13 ( 2021-06-25), p. 6836-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 13 ( 2021-06-25), p. 6836-
    Abstract: As a cell surface tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-plasminogen receptor, the annexin A2 (A2) complex facilitates plasmin generation on the endothelial cell surface, and is an established regulator of hemostasis. Whereas A2 is overexpressed in hemorrhagic disease such as acute promyelocytic leukemia, its underexpression or impairment may result in thrombosis, as in antiphospholipid syndrome, venous thromboembolism, or atherosclerosis. Within immune response cells, A2 orchestrates membrane repair, vesicle fusion, and cytoskeletal organization, thus playing a critical role in inflammatory response and tissue injury. Dysregulation of A2 is evident in multiple human disorders, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of various inflammatory disorders. The fibrinolytic system, moreover, is central to wound healing through its ability to remodel the provisional matrix and promote angiogenesis. A2 dysfunction may also promote tissue fibrogenesis and end-organ fibrosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136836
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Annexin A2 in Inflammation and Host Defense
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Cells Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2020-06-19), p. 1499-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2020-06-19), p. 1499-
    Abstract: Annexin A2 (AnxA2) is a multifunctional calcium2+ (Ca2+) and phospholipid-binding protein that is expressed in a wide spectrum of cells, including those participating in the inflammatory response. In acute inflammation, the interaction of AnxA2 with actin and adherens junction VE-cadherins underlies its role in regulating vascular integrity. In addition, its contribution to endosomal membrane repair impacts several aspects of inflammatory regulation, including lysosome repair, which regulates inflammasome activation, and autophagosome biogenesis, which is essential for macroautophagy. On the other hand, AnxA2 may be co-opted to promote adhesion, entry, and propagation of bacteria or viruses into host cells. In the later stages of acute inflammation, AnxA2 contributes to the initiation of angiogenesis, which promotes tissue repair, but, when dysregulated, may also accompany chronic inflammation. AnxA2 is overexpressed in malignancies, such as breast cancer and glioblastoma, and likely contributes to cancer progression in the context of an inflammatory microenvironment. We conclude that annexin AnxA2 normally fulfills a spectrum of anti-inflammatory functions in the setting of both acute and chronic inflammation but may contribute to disease states in settings of disordered homeostasis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells9061499
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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