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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Investigation of Patient-Specific Maxillofacial Implant Prototype Development by Metal Fused Filament Fabrication (MF3) of Ti-6Al-4V
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Dentistry Journal Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2021-09-23), p. 109-
    Details
    In: Dentistry Journal, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2021-09-23), p. 109-
    Abstract: Additive manufacturing (AM) and related digital technologies have enabled several advanced solutions in medicine and dentistry, in particular, the design and fabrication of patient-specific implants. In this study, the feasibility of metal fused filament fabrication (MF3) to manufacture patient-specific maxillofacial implants is investigated. Here, the design and fabrication of a maxillofacial implant prototype in Ti-6Al-4V using MF3 is reported for the first time. The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) image data of the patient’s oral anatomy was digitally processed to design a 3D CAD model of the hard tissue and fabricate a physical model by stereolithography (SLA). Using the digital and physical models, bone loss condition was analyzed, and a maxillofacial implant initial design was identified. Three-dimensional (3D) CAD models of the implant prototypes were designed that match the patient’s anatomy and dental implant requirement. In this preliminary stage, the CAD models of the prototypes were designed in a simplified form. MF3 printing of the prototypes was simulated to investigate potential deformation and residual stresses. The patient-specific implant prototypes were fabricated by MF3 printing followed by debinding and sintering using a support structure for the first time. MF3 printed green part dimensions fairly matched with simulation prediction. Sintered parts were characterized for surface integrity after cutting the support structures off. An overall 18 ± 2% shrinkage was observed in the sintered parts relative to the green parts. A relative density of 81 ± 4% indicated 19% total porosity including 11% open interconnected porosity in the sintered parts, which would favor bone healing and high osteointegration in the metallic implants. The surface roughness of Ra: 18 ± 5 µm and a Rockwell hardness of 6.5 ± 0.8 HRC were observed. The outcome of the work can be leveraged to further investigate the potential of MF3 to manufacture patient-specific custom implants out of Ti-6Al-4V.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-6767
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/dj9100109
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681351-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Monitoring the Calibration of In-Office 3D Printers
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Dentistry Journal Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2023-01-05), p. 20-
    Details
    In: Dentistry Journal, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2023-01-05), p. 20-
    Abstract: Most desktop 3D printers lack features that allow manual calibration of printer parameters. It is crucial to assess the accuracy of printing to minimize the margin of error and variance between each print. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a method for monitoring the calibration of in-office 3D printers. A calibration coupon was designed to have a tolerance and dimensions that define nominal geometry and allow the measurement of variances occurring in X–Y axes and curvature. Ten printing cycles were run on two stereolithography (SLA) 3D printers with two different resins. Additionally, the coupons were positioned in five positions on the build platform to assess errors caused by differences in positioning. Measurements were made on the X and Y axes. No statistical difference was noted between the coupons being printed in different positions on the build platform and between the two resins at both X and Y axes of measurement (p 〉 0.05). Desktop 3D printers currently lack a standardized calibration protocol, which provides a closed loop for design and manufacturing of printed parts. The coupon in this study will allow monitoring the calibration of desktop 3D printers to ensure high-quality printing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-6767
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/dj11010020
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681351-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Augmenting Mental Health Support for Patients Accessing Different Degrees of Formal Psychiatric Care through a Supportive Text Messaging Program: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Methods and Protocols Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-02-13), p. 19-
    Details
    In: Methods and Protocols, MDPI AG, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-02-13), p. 19-
    Abstract: Patients feel more vulnerable when accessing community mental health programs for the first time or after being discharged from psychiatric inpatient units. Long wait times for follow-up appointments, shortage of mental health professionals, lack of service integration, and scarcity of tailored support can weaken their connection to the health care system. As a result, patients can present low adherence, dissatisfaction with treatment, and recurrent hospitalizations. Finding solutions to avoid unnecessary high-cost services and providing tailored and cost-effective mental health interventions may reduce the health system burden and augment patient support. We propose implementing an add-on, supportive text messaging service (Text4Support), developed using cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) principles to augment mental health support for patients attending to or being discharged from psychiatric care in Nova Scotia, Canada. This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effectiveness of Text4Support in improving mental health outcomes and overall mental well-being compared with usual care. We also will examine the intervention’s impact on health services utilization and patient satisfaction. The results from this study will provide evidence on stepped and technology-based mental health care, which will contribute to generating new knowledge about mental health innovations in various clinical contexts, which is not only helpful for the local context but to other jurisdictions in Canada and abroad that are seeking to improve their health care.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2409-9279
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/mps6010019
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2934611-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boda Bodas and Road Traffic Injuries in Uganda: An Overview of Traffic Safety Trends from 2009 to 2017
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 17, No. 6 ( 2020-03-22), p. 2110-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 6 ( 2020-03-22), p. 2110-
    Abstract: Introduction: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are an important contributor to the morbidity and mortality of developing countries. In Uganda, motorcycle taxis, known as boda bodas, are responsible for a growing proportion of RTIs. This study seeks to evaluate and comment on traffic safety trends from the past decade. Methods: Traffic reports from the Ugandan police force (2009 to 2017) were analyzed for RTI characteristics. Furthermore, one month of casualty ward data in 2015 and 2018 was collected from the Mulago National Referral Hospital and reviewed for casualty demographics and trauma type. Results: RTI motorcycle contribution rose steadily from 2009 to 2017 (24.5% to 33.9%). While the total number of crashes dropped from 22,461 to 13,244 between 2010 and 2017, the proportion of fatal RTIs increased from 14.7% to 22.2%. In the casualty ward, RTIs accounted for a greater proportion of patients and traumas in 2018 compared to 2015 (10%/41% and 36%/64%, respectively). Conclusions: Although RTIs have seen a gross reduction in Uganda, they have become more deadly, with greater motorcycle involvement. Hospital data demonstrate a rising need for trauma and neurosurgical care to manage greater RTI patient burden. Combining RTI prevention and care pathway improvements may mitigate current RTI trends.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17062110
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clinical Applications of Immunotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma in Adults
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Cancers Vol. 15, No. 15 ( 2023-07-31), p. 3901-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 15 ( 2023-07-31), p. 3901-
    Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite standard therapies, including resection and chemoradiation, recurrence is virtually inevitable. Current treatment for recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) is rapidly evolving, and emerging therapies aimed at targeting primary GBM are often first tested in rGBM to demonstrate safety and feasibility, which, in recent years, has primarily been in the form of immunotherapy. The purpose of this review is to highlight progress in clinical trials of immunotherapy for rGBM, including immune checkpoint blockade, oncolytic virotherapy, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, cancer vaccine and immunotoxins. Three independent reviewers covered literature, published between the years 2000 and 2022, in various online databases. In general, the efficacy of immunotherapy in rGBM remains uncertain, and is limited to subsets/small cohorts of patients, despite demonstrating feasibility in early-stage clinical trials. However, considerable progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms that may preclude rGBM patients from responding to immunotherapy, as well as in developing new approaches/combination strategies that may inspire optimism for the utility of immunotherapy in this devastating disease. Continued trials are necessary to further assess the best therapeutic avenues and ascertain which treatments might benefit each patient individually.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153901
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Maternal, Sexual and Reproductive Health in Marginalised Areas: Renewing Community Involvement Strategies beyond the Worst of the COVID-19 Pandemic
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 6 ( 2022-03-14), p. 3431-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 6 ( 2022-03-14), p. 3431-
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic and resultant lockdowns have brought unprecedented challenges for Maternal, Sexual and Reproductive Health (MSRH) services. Components of MSRH services adversely affected include antenatal, postnatal, and newborn care; provision of family planning and post-abortion care services; sexual and gender-based violence care and prevention; and care and treatment for sexually transmitted infections including HIV. Resuscitating, remodeling or inventing interventions to restore or maintain these essential services at the community level, as a gateway to higher care, is critical to mitigating short and long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on essential MSRH. We propose a possible framework for community involvement and propose integrating key information, education, and communication of MSRH messages within COVID-19 messages.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063431
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identification of a Novel Adélie Penguin Circovirus at Cape Crozier (Ross Island, Antarctica)
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Viruses Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2019-11-22), p. 1088-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2019-11-22), p. 1088-
    Abstract: Understanding the causes of disease in Antarctic wildlife is crucial, as many of these species are already threatened by environmental changes brought about by climate change. In recent years, Antarctic penguins have been showing signs of an unknown pathology: a feather disorder characterised by missing feathers, resulting in exposed skin. During the 2018–2019 austral summer breeding season at Cape Crozier colony on Ross Island, Antarctica, we observed for the first time an Adélie penguin chick missing down over most of its body. A guano sample was collected from the nest of the featherless chick, and using high-throughput sequencing, we identified a novel circovirus. Using abutting primers, we amplified the full genome, which we cloned and Sanger-sequenced to determine the complete genome of the circovirus. The Adélie penguin guano-associated circovirus genome shares 〈 67% genome-wide nucleotide identity with other circoviruses, representing a new species of circovirus; therefore, we named it penguin circovirus (PenCV). Using the same primer pair, we screened 25 previously collected cloacal swabs taken at Cape Crozier from known-age adult Adélie penguins during the 2014–2015 season, displaying no clinical signs of feather-loss disorder. Three of the 25 samples (12%) were positive for a PenCV, whose genome shared 〉 99% pairwise identity with the one identified in 2018–2019. This is the first report of a circovirus associated with a penguin species. This circovirus could be an etiological agent of the feather-loss disorder in Antarctic penguins.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v11121088
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Four Weeks of Time-Restricted Feeding Combined with Resistance Training Does Not Differentially Influence Measures of Body Composition, Muscle Performance, Resting Energy Expenditure, and Blood Biomarkers
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2020-04-17), p. 1126-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2020-04-17), p. 1126-
    Abstract: Recently, interest in time-restricted feeding (TRF) has increased from reports highlighting improvements in body composition and muscular performance measures. Twenty-six recreationally active males were randomly assigned to either TRF (n = 13; ~22.9 years; 82.0 kg; 178.1 cm; 8 h eating window, 25% caloric deficit, 1.8 g/kg/day protein) or normal diet (ND; n = 13; ~22.5 years; 83.3 kg; 177.5 cm; normal meal pattern; 25% caloric deficit, 1.8 g/kg/day protein) groups. Participants underwent 4-weeks of supervised full body resistance training. Changes in body composition (fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), and body fat percentage (BF%)), skeletal muscle cross sectional area (CSA) and muscle thickness (MT) of the vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris, (RF), and biceps brachii (BB) muscles, resting energy expenditure (REE), muscular performance, blood biomarkers, and psychometric parameters were assessed. Significant (p 〈 0.05) decreases were noted in BM, FM, BF%, testosterone, adiponectin, and REE, along with significant increases in BP1RM, LP1RM, VJHT, VJPP, VLCSA, BBCSA, and BBMT in both groups. Plasma cortisol levels were significantly elevated at post (p = 0.018) only in ND. Additionally, FFM was maintained equally between groups. Thus, a TRF style of eating does not enhance reductions in FM over caloric restriction alone during a 4-week hypocaloric diet.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu12041126
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Background and Blended Spectral Line Reduction in Precision Spectroscopy of EUV and X-ray Transitions in Highly Charged Ions
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Atoms Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2023-03-03), p. 48-
    Details
    In: Atoms, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2023-03-03), p. 48-
    Abstract: Extreme ultraviolet spectra of Na-like and Mg-like Os and Ir were recorded at the National Institute of Standards and Technology using a grazing incidence spectrometer. We report a method in EBIT spectral analysis that reduces signals from contaminant lines of known or unknown origin. We utilize similar ion charge distributions of heavy highly charged ions that create similar potentials for lighter contaminating background elements. First-order approximations to ion distributions are presented to demonstrate differences between impurity elements with and without heavy ions present.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2218-2004
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/atoms11030048
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704220-0
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    An Atlas of the Quantitative Protein Expression of Anti-Epileptic-Drug Transporters, Metabolizing Enzymes and Tight Junctions at the Blood–Brain Barrier in Epileptic Patients
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Pharmaceutics Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2021-12-09), p. 2122-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceutics, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2021-12-09), p. 2122-
    Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to quantitatively elucidate the levels of protein expression of anti-epileptic-drug (AED) transporters, metabolizing enzymes and tight junction molecules at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in the focal site of epilepsy patients using accurate SWATH (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra) proteomics. Brain capillaries were isolated from focal sites in six epilepsy patients and five normal brains; tryptic digests were produced and subjected to SWATH analysis. MDR1 and BCRP were significantly downregulated in the epilepsy group compared to the normal group. Out of 16 AED-metabolizing enzymes detected, the protein expression levels of GSTP1, GSTO1, CYP2E1, ALDH1A1, ALDH6A1, ALDH7A1, ALDH9A1 and ADH5 were significantly 2.13-, 6.23-, 2.16-, 2.80-, 1.73-, 1.67-, 2.47- and 2.23-fold greater in the brain capillaries of epileptic patients than those of normal brains, respectively. The protein expression levels of Claudin-5, ZO-1, Catenin alpha-1, beta-1 and delta-1 were significantly lower, 1.97-, 2.51-, 2.44-, 1.90- and 1.63-fold, in the brain capillaries of epileptic patients compared to those of normal brains, respectively. Consistent with these observations, leakage of blood proteins was also observed. These results provide for a better understanding of the therapeutic effect of AEDs and molecular mechanisms of AED resistance in epileptic patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4923
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122122
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527217-2
    SSG: 15,3
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