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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Warm-up Type Matter? A Comparison between Traditional and Functional Inertial Warm-up in Young Soccer Players
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology Vol. 5, No. 4 ( 2020-11-19), p. 84-
    Details
    In: Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, MDPI AG, Vol. 5, No. 4 ( 2020-11-19), p. 84-
    Abstract: Functional inertial training, a popular high-intensity training mode, provides high neuromuscular activation, developing proprioception, postural control, power, and sprint time. Aim of the study was to assess the acute effects of two types of warm-up (WU), inertial warm-up (IWU) vs. traditional warm-up (TWU), on explosive and reactive strength, sprint, and Change of Directions (COD) in young soccer players. In a randomized cross-over design study, twelve soccer players (aged 13.3 ± 0.7) performed 16 min of IWU and 16 min of TWU. IWU and TWU were spaced two weeks apart. Pre and post intervention tests, aimed at assessing explosive and reactive strength, sprint, and COD ability included: Squat Jump test (SJ), Countermovement Jump test (CMJ), Drop Jump test (DJ), Seven Repetition Hopping test (7R-HOP), 40 m-sprint test (40 m), and Illinois Agility Test (IAT). RM-ANOVA, used to compare differences between IWU and TWU effects (the level of significance set at ρ ≤ 0.05), showed enhanced performance after the IWU compared to the TWU. In addition, the effects of the IWU on performance lasted longer after the IWU than after the TWU. For IAT, the enhanced effects of IWU on performance lasted up to ten minutes after the administration of the IWU. Our results suggest that IWU affects functional changes displaying earlier adaptation in explosive and reactive strength with longer lasting effects compared to TWU and it could be recommended in young soccer athletes as a WU procedure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2411-5142
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jfmk5040084
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2934583-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Do the Testing Posture and the Grip Modality Influence the Shoulder Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction?
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2023-04-14), p. 45-
    Details
    In: Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2023-04-14), p. 45-
    Abstract: Assessing and monitoring shoulder strength is extremely important during rehabilitation. A fixed dynamometer represents a valid and inexpensive assessment method. However, it has not been studied whether posture and grip modality influence shoulder muscle strength. The aim of this study was to compare shoulder strength values between sitting and standing positions and between the handle and cuff grip modalities. A total of 40 volunteers were divided into a posture (PG) and a handle-cuff group (HCG). Participants in the PG were asked to perform a maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) for shoulder flexion, extension, ab-adduction, and intra-extra rotation in standing and sitting positions. The HCG participants were tested in a standing position while holding a handle or with a cuff around their wrist. PG showed higher forces in the standing position for shoulder flexion (p = 0.009); internal rotation showed higher values in the sitting position (p = 0.003). ER/IR ratio was significantly higher in the standing position (p 〈 0.001). HCG showed higher significant forces during cuff modality in all positions and grip modalities, including the ER/IR ratio (p 〈 0.05). Different body positions and grip modalities influenced the assessment of shoulder strength as recorded by a fixed dynamometer; therefore, these factors should be carefully considered when carrying out a shoulder strength assessment, and we encourage the development of assessment guidelines to make future clinical trial results comparable.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2411-5142
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8020045
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2934583-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Criteria for Return-to-Play (RTP) after Rotator Cuff Surgery: A Systematic Review of Literature
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2022-04-17), p. 2244-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2022-04-17), p. 2244-
    Abstract: This systematic review of the literature aimed to highlight which criteria are described in the literature to define when a patient, after rotator cuff repair (RCR), is ready for return-to-play (RTP), which includes return to unrestricted activities, return to work, leisure, and sport activities. An online systematic search on the US National Library of Medicine (PubMed/MEDLINE), SCOPUS, Web of Science (WOS), and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, was performed with no data limit until December 2021. A total of 24 studies that reported at least one criterion after RCR were included. Nine criteria were identified and among these, the most reported criterion was the time from surgery, which was used by 78% of the studies; time from surgery was used as the only criterion by 54% of the studies, and in combination with other criteria, in 24% of the studies. Strength and ROM were the most reported criteria after time (25%). These results are in line with a previous systematic review that aimed to identify RTP criteria after surgical shoulder stabilization and with a recent scoping review that investigated RTP criteria among athletes after RCR and anterior shoulder stabilization. Compared to this latest scoping review, our study adds the methodological strength of being conducted according to the Prisma guidelines; furthermore, our study included both athletes and non-athletes to provide a comprehensive view of the criteria used after RCR; moreover, ten additional recent manuscripts were examined with respect to the scoping review.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082244
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Central and Peripheral Neuromuscular Adaptations to Ageing
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2020-03-09), p. 741-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2020-03-09), p. 741-
    Abstract: Ageing is accompanied by a severe muscle function decline presumably caused by structural and functional adaptations at the central and peripheral level. Although researchers have reported an extensive analysis of the alterations involving muscle intrinsic properties, only a limited number of studies have recognised the importance of the central nervous system, and its reorganisation, on neuromuscular decline. Neural changes, such as degeneration of the human cortex and function of spinal circuitry, as well as the remodelling of the neuromuscular junction and motor units, appear to play a fundamental role in muscle quality decay and culminate with considerable impairments in voluntary activation and motor performance. Modern diagnostic techniques have provided indisputable evidence of a structural and morphological rearrangement of the central nervous system during ageing. Nevertheless, there is no clear insight on how such structural reorganisation contributes to the age-related functional decline and whether it is a result of a neural malfunction or serves as a compensatory mechanism to preserve motor control and performance in the elderly population. Combining leading-edge techniques such as high-density surface electromyography (EMG) and improved diagnostic procedures such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or high-resolution electroencephalography (EEG) could be essential to address the unresolved controversies and achieve an extensive understanding of the relationship between neural adaptations and muscle decline.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030741
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physical Exercise and Mental Health: The Routes of a Reciprocal Relation
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 23 ( 2021-11-24), p. 12364-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 23 ( 2021-11-24), p. 12364-
    Abstract: Sport participation and exercise practice are considered to be beneficial for mental status, yielding an improved mood and better quality of life. On the other hand, good mental fitness is thought to lead to better physical status and sport performance. The key aim of this narrative review is to provide an unstructured overview on the topic with special considerations on the role of mental and physical health to summarize the evidence on their reciprocal influence. While very few papers describe the role of mental health measures in affecting physical performance, more evidence is available concerning the effect of exercise and sport in improving mental health outcomes. Furthermore, there is a consistent role of depressive and anxiety symptoms in influencing the risk of sport injury in either recreational or elite athletes. Moreover, the importance of investigating mental health issues in elite and retired athletes is highlighted. On the basis of the available literature, several biases were found to affect the provided evidence mainly because of the complexity of a proper study design in this field.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312364
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Benefits of Selected Physical Exercise Programs in Detention: A Randomized Controlled Study
    MDPI AG ; 2013
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2013-10-31), p. 5683-5696
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2013-10-31), p. 5683-5696
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10115683
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biohumoral Indicators Influenced by Physical Activity in the Elderly
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2020-04-13), p. 1115-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2020-04-13), p. 1115-
    Abstract: In the scientific landscape, there is a growing interest in defining the role of several biomolecules and humoral indicators of the aging process and in the modifications of these biomarkers induced by physical activity and exercise. The main aim of the present narrative review is to collect the available evidence on the biohumoral indicators that could be modified by physical activity (PA) in the elderly. Online databases including Pubmed, Web of science (Medline), and Scopus were searched for relevant articles published in the last five years in English. Keywords and combination of these used for the search were the following: “biological”, “indicators”, “markers”, “physical”, “activity”, and “elderly”. Thirty-four papers were analyzed for inclusion. Twenty-nine studies were included and divided into four categories: cardiovascular (CV) biomarkers, metabolic biomarkers, inflammatory markers-oxidative stress molecules, and other markers. There are many distinct biomarkers influenced by PA in the elderly, with promising results concerning the metabolic and CV indexes, as a growing number of studies demonstrate the role of PA on improving parameters related to heart function and CV risk like atherogenic lipid profile. Furthermore, it is also a verified hypothesis that PA is able to modify the inflammatory status of the subject by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). PA seems also to be able to have a direct effect on the immune system. There is a strong evidence of a positive effect of PA on the health of elderly people that could be evidenced and “quantified” by the modifications of the levels of several biohumoral indicators.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041115
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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