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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of TMPRSS2 Expression, Mutation Prognostics, and Small Molecule (CD, AD, TQ, and TQFL12) Inhibition on Pan-Cancer Tumors and Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Molecules Vol. 27, No. 21 ( 2022-11-01), p. 7413-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 27, No. 21 ( 2022-11-01), p. 7413-
    Abstract: As a cellular protease, transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) plays roles in various physiological and pathological processes, including cancer and viral entry, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Herein, we conducted expression, mutation, and prognostic analyses for the TMPRSS2 gene in pan-cancers as well as in COVID-19-infected lung tissues. The results indicate that TMPRSS2 expression was highest in prostate cancer. A high expression of TMPRSS2 was significantly associated with a short overall survival in breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), sarcoma (SARC), and uveal melanoma (UVM), while a low expression of TMPRSS2 was significantly associated with a short overall survival in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), demonstrating TMPRSS2 roles in cancer patient susceptibility and severity. Additionally, TMPRSS2 expression in COVID-19-infected lung tissues was significantly reduced compared to healthy lung tissues, indicating that a low TMPRSS2 expression may result in COVID-19 severity and death. Importantly, TMPRSS2 mutation frequency was significantly higher in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), and the mutant TMPRSS2 pan-cancer group was significantly associated with long overall, progression-free, disease-specific, and disease-free survival rates compared to the wild-type (WT) TMPRSS2 pan-cancer group, demonstrating loss of functional roles due to mutation. Cancer cell lines were treated with small molecules, including cordycepin (CD), adenosine (AD), thymoquinone (TQ), and TQFL12, to mediate TMPRSS2 expression. Notably, CD, AD, TQ, and TQFL12 inhibited TMPRSS2 expression in cancer cell lines, including the PC3 prostate cancer cell line, implying a therapeutic role for preventing COVID-19 in cancer patients. Together, these findings are the first to demonstrate that small molecules, such as CD, AD, TQ, and TQFL12, inhibit TMPRSS2 expression, providing novel therapeutic strategies for preventing COVID-19 and cancers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217413
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 2
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    Genetic Polymorphism and Population Genetic Structure Analysis of 21 Autosomal STR Loci for a Han-Chinese Population from Luzhou of Southwest China
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Genes Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2023-07-09), p. 1419-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2023-07-09), p. 1419-
    Abstract: The Han nationality is an ancient and populous people, and different places in China may have their distinct group relationships. Luzhou area, as a crossroads of several provinces in Southwest China, lacks autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) research and population genetics research. In this study, 21 autosomal STR loci were evaluated in 1959 Han-Chinese individuals from Luzhou area. There was no substantial linkage disequilibrium (LD) among the 21 autosomal STR markers, and all markers were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The total discrimination power (TDP) and cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) of the 21 autosomal STR loci were calculated to be 1–9.8505 × 10−16 and 1–1.9406 × 10−9, respectively. There were 333 alleles for 21 STRs with allelic frequencies ranging from 0.00026 to 0.51302, and the number of alleles ranged from 7 in locus TPOX to 29 in locus Penta E. According to the results of population comparison and population differentiation, historical influences, geographical distribution, cultural integration, and economic development may have an impact on the Luzhou Han population and other Chinese populations. These 21 STR loci were found to enrich autosomal STR information in forensic databases and provide highly informative polymorphisms for our forensic practice in China, including personal identification and parentage testing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes14071419
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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  • 3
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    Genetic Polymorphism Analysis of 24 Y-STRs in a Han Chinese Population in Luzhou, Southwest China
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Genes Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2023-10-02), p. 1904-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2023-10-02), p. 1904-
    Abstract: Han is the largest of China’s 56 ethnic groups and the most populous ethnic group in the world. The Luzhou region is located in southwest China, at the junction of three provinces. The unique historical factors contribute to the genetic polymorphism information. Short tandem repeats (STRs) are highly polymorphic, but the polymorphism of the Y chromosomal STRs (Y-STRs) loci in the Luzhou region is still unclear. It is of great significance to provide Y-STRs genetic data for the Han population from the Luzhou areas of southwest China. A total of 910 unrelated male individuals of the Han population from the Luzhou area were recruited, and 24 Y-STRs were analyzed. The population structure and phylogenetic relationships were compared with those of another 11 related Han populations. A total of 893 different haplotypes were achieved from 910 samples, of which 877 (98.21%) haplotypes were unique. Haplotype diversity and discrimination were 0.999956 and 0.981319, respectively. The lowest genetic diversity of DYS437 is 0.4321, and the highest genetic diversity of DYS385a/b is 0.9642. Pair-to-pair genetic distance and relative probability values indicate that Luzhou Han people are close to Sichuan Han people, Guangdong Han people, and Hunan Han people, which is consistent with geographical distribution, historical influence, and economic development. The 24 Y-STR markers of the southwest Luzhou Han population were highly polymorphic, which provided us with genetic polymorphism information and enriched the population genetic database. Therefore, it is of great value to our forensic applications and population genetics research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes14101904
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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  • 4
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    Preparation of Nanofibrous PVDF Membrane by Solution Blow Spinning for Mechanical Energy Harvesting
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2019-07-30), p. 1090-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2019-07-30), p. 1090-
    Abstract: Self-powered nanogenerators composed of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) have received much attention. Solution blow spinning (SBS) is a neoteric process for preparing nanofiber mats with high efficiency and safely, and SBS is a mature fiber-forming technology that offers many advantages over conventional electrospinning methods. Herein, we adopted the SBS method to prepare independent PVDF nanofiber membranes (NFMs), and successfully employed them as nanogenerators. Finally, we tested the change in the output current caused by mechanical compression and stretching, and studied its durability and robustness by charging the capacitor, which can drive tiny electronic devices. The results show that the PVDF nanogenerators by using this SBS equipment can not only be used in wearable electronic textiles, but are also suitable for potential applications in micro-energy harvesting equipment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano9081090
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 5
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    Behavior of an Advanced Bolted Shear Connector in Prefabricated Steel-Concrete Composite Beams
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Materials Vol. 12, No. 18 ( 2019-09-12), p. 2958-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 18 ( 2019-09-12), p. 2958-
    Abstract: The high-strength bolt shear connector in prefabricated concrete slab has advantages in applications as it reduces time during the construction of steel-concrete composite building structures and bridges. In this research, an innovative and advanced bolt shear connector in steel-concrete composite structures is proposed. To investigate the fundamental mechanical behavior and the damage form, 22 static push-off tests were conducted with consideration of different bolt dimensions, the reserved hole constraint condition, and the dimension of slab holes. A finite element (FE) model was established and verified by using test results, and then the model was utilized to investigate the influence of concrete strength, bolt dimension, yield strength, bolt pretension, as well as length-to-diameter ratio of high strength bolts on the performances of shear connectors. On the basis of FE simulation and test results, new design formulas for the calculation of shear resistance behavior were proposed, and comparisons were made with current standards, including AISC, EN 1994-1-1, GB 50017-2017, and relevant references, to check the calculation efficiency. It is confirmed that the proposed equation is in better agreement with the experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma12182958
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 6
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    Effects of Different Concentrations of Ganpu Tea on Fecal Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids in Mice
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-10-22), p. 3715-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-10-22), p. 3715-
    Abstract: Ganpu tea is composed of tangerine peel and Pu-erh tea. Current research suggests that both products can interact with gut microbes and thus affect health. However, as a kind of compound health food, little information is available about the effect of Ganpu tea on intestinal microorganisms. In this study, the basic physiological parameters (body weight, white adipose tissue and serum fat), the regulation of intestinal microorganisms and content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of healthy mice were studied. The Ganpu tea can reduce the weight gain of mice and the increase in white adipose tissue (p 〈 0.01). After the intake of Ganpu tea, the abundance of Bacteroidetes increased (p 〈 0.05), whereas that of Firmicutes decreased (p 〈 0.01), indicating the latent capacity of Ganpu tea in adjusting the gut microbiota. Moreover, Ganpu tea differentially affected the content of different types of SCFAs in feces. Ganpu tea at the lowest concentrations showed positive effects on the concentrations of SCFAs such as acetic acid and propionic acid, whereas the concentration of butyric acid was decreased. For branched short-chain fatty acids (BSCFAs) such as isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, etc., Ganpu tea reduced their concentrations. Our results indicated that Ganpu tea may have positive effects on preventing obesity in humans, but further research is needed before introducing such dietary therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13113715
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 7
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    Advances in the Production of Theanine by Plants and Microorganisms
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Fermentation Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2023-06-05), p. 543-
    Details
    In: Fermentation, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2023-06-05), p. 543-
    Abstract: Theanine, a representative non-protein amino acid in tea, is one of the umami components of tea and a major factor in the formation of the unique flavor of tea leaves. In addition to its delicious taste, theanine has a variety of health functions and is used in the food supplement, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic industries. This review briefly describes the physiological functions, application prospects, and production methods of theanine. The biosynthetic pathway of L-theanine in natural plants is also introduced. Finally, the microbial synthesis of L-theanine is divided into two major biosynthetic pathways guided by glutamine and glutamate according to the different substrates. According to the status, at present, of the microbial synthesis of L-theanine, the future development of microbial synthesis of L-theanine is prospected, in order to provide technical and theoretical basis for in-depth research on the industrial production of theanine.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-5637
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9060543
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813985-9
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  • 8
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    Ribosome-Inactivating Protein α-Momorcharin Derived from Edible Plant Momordica charantia Induces Inflammatory Responses by Activating the NF-kappaB and JNK Pathways
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Toxins Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2019-11-26), p. 694-
    Details
    In: Toxins, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2019-11-26), p. 694-
    Abstract: Alpha-momorcharin (α-MMC), a member of the ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) family, has been found in the seeds of Momordica charantia (bitter melon). α-MMC contributes a number of pharmacological activities; however, its inflammatory properties have not been well studied. Here, we aim to determine the inflammatory responses induced by recombinant α-MMC and identify the underlying mechanisms using cell culture and animal models. Recombinant α-MMC was generated in Rosetta™(DE3)pLysS and purified by the way of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) chromatography. Treatment of recombinant α-MMC at 40 μg/mL exerted sub-lethal cytotoxic effect on THP-1 monocytic cells. Transcriptional profiling revealed that various genes coding for cytokines and other proinflammatory proteins were upregulated upon recombinant α-MMC treatment in THP-1 cells, including MCP-1, IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Recombinant α-MMC was shown to activate IKK/NF-κB and JNK pathways and the α-MMC-induced inflammatory gene expression could be blocked by IKKβ and JNK inhibitors. Furthermore, murine inflammatory models further demonstrated that α-MMC induced inflammatory responses in vivo. We conclude that α-MMC stimulates inflammatory responses in human monocytes by activating of IKK/NF-κB and JNK pathways, raising the possibility that consumption of α-MMC-containing food may lead to inflammatory-related diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6651
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/toxins11120694
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518395-3
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  • 9
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    Chemical Structures of 4-Oxo-Flavonoids in Relation to Inhibition of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL)-Induced Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction
    MDPI AG ; 2011
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2011-08-26), p. 5471-5489
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2011-08-26), p. 5471-5489
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms12095471
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Gene Modules Co-regulated with Biosynthetic Gene Clusters for Allelopathy between Rice and Barnyardgrass
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 20, No. 16 ( 2019-08-07), p. 3846-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 16 ( 2019-08-07), p. 3846-
    Abstract: Allelopathy is a central process in crop–weed interactions and is mediated by the release of allelochemicals that result in adverse growth effects on one or the other plant in the interaction. The genomic mechanism for the biosynthesis of many critical allelochemicals is unknown but may involve the clustering of non-homologous biosynthetic genes involved in their formation and regulatory gene modules involved in controlling the coordinated expression within these gene clusters. In this study, we used the transcriptomes from mono- or co-cultured rice and barnyardgrass to investigate the nature of the gene clusters and their regulatory gene modules involved in the allelopathic interactions of these two plants. In addition to the already known biosynthetic gene clusters in barnyardgrass we identified three potential new clusters including one for quercetin biosynthesis and potentially involved in allelopathic interaction with rice. Based on the construction of gene networks, we identified one gene regulatory module containing hub transcription factors, significantly positively co-regulated with both the momilactone A and phytocassane clusters in rice. In barnyardgrass, gene modules and hub genes co-expressed with the gene clusters responsible for 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA) biosynthesis were also identified. In addition, we found three genes in barnyardgrass encoding indole-3-glycerolphosphate synthase that regulate the expression of the DIMBOA cluster. Our findings offer new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of biosynthetic gene clusters involved in allelopathic interactions between rice and barnyardgrass, and have potential implications in controlling weeds for crop protection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163846
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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