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  • MDPI AG  (25)
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  • MDPI AG  (25)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Stand-Alone Microfluidic Chip for Long-Term Cell Culture
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Micromachines Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2023-01-14), p. 207-
    Details
    In: Micromachines, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2023-01-14), p. 207-
    Abstract: Live-cell microscopy is crucial for biomedical studies and clinical tests. The technique is, however, limited to few laboratories due to its high cost and bulky size of the necessary culture equipment. In this study, we propose a portable microfluidic-cell-culture system, which is merely 15 cm×11 cm×9 cm in dimension, powered by a conventional alkali battery and costs less than USD 20. For long-term cell culture, a fresh culture medium exposed to 5% CO2 is programmed to be delivered to the culture chamber at defined time intervals. The 37 °C culture temperature is maintained by timely electrifying the ITO glass slide underneath the culture chamber. Our results demonstrate that 3T3 fibroblasts, HepG2 cells, MB-231 cells and tumor spheroids can be well-maintained for more than 48 h on top of the microscope stage and show physical characters (e.g., morphology and mobility) and growth rate on par with the commercial stage-top incubator and the widely adopted CO2 incubator. The proposed portable cell culture device is, therefore, suitable for simple live-cell studies in the lab and cell experiments in the field when samples cannot be shipped.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-666X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/mi14010207
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2620864-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Theoretical and Experimental Study on Vibration Propagation in PMMA Components in Ultrasonic Bonding Process
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Micromachines Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2017-03-20), p. 92-
    Details
    In: Micromachines, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2017-03-20), p. 92-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-666X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/mi8030092
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2620864-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Low-Complexity Deep Learning Model for Predicting Targeted Sequencing Depth from Probe Sequence
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2023-06-09), p. 6996-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2023-06-09), p. 6996-
    Abstract: Targeted sequencing has been widely utilized for genomic molecular diagnostics and the emerging DNA data storage paradigm. However, the probe sequences used to enrich regions of interest have different hybridization kinetic properties, resulting in poor sequencing uniformity and setting limitations for the large-scale application of the technology. Here, a low-complexity deep learning model is proposed for prediction of sequencing depth from probe sequences. To capture the representation of probe and target sequences, we utilized a sequence-encoding model that incorporates k-mer and word embedding techniques, providing a streamlined alternative to the intricate computations involved in biochemical feature analysis. We employed bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) to effectively capture both long-range and short-range interactions within the representation. Furthermore, the attention mechanism was adopted to identify pivotal regions in the sequences that significantly influence sequencing depth. The ratio of the predicted sequencing depth to the actual sequencing depth was in the interval of 1/3—3 as the evaluation metric of model accuracy. The prediction accuracy was 94.3% in the human single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel and 99.7% in the synthetic DNA information storage sequence (SynDNA) panel. Our model substantially reduced data processing time (from 334 min to 4 min of CPU time in the SNP panel) and model parameters (from 300 k to 70 k) compared with the baseline model.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app13126996
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    AlgaeMask: An Instance Segmentation Network for Floating Algae Detection
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Vol. 10, No. 8 ( 2022-08-11), p. 1099-
    Details
    In: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 8 ( 2022-08-11), p. 1099-
    Abstract: Video surveillance on the offshore booster station and around the coast is a effective way to monitor floating macroalgae. Previous studies on floating algae detection are mainly based on traditional image segmentation methods. However, these algorithms cannot effectively solve the problem of extracting Ulva prolifra and Sargassum at different sizes and views. Recently, instance segmentation methods have achieved great success in computer vision applications. In this paper, based on the CenterMask network, a novel instance segmentation architecture named AlgaeMask is proposed for floating algae detection from the surveillance videos. To address the feature extraction ability of the network in the inter-dependencies for position and channel, we introduce a new OSA-V3 module with the dual-attention block, which consists of a position attention mechanism and channel attention mechanism. Meanwhile, scale-equalizing pyramid convolution is introduced to solve the problem of scale difference. Finally, we introduce the feature decoder module based on FCOS head and segmentation head to obtain the segmentation area of floating algae in each bounding box. The extensive experiment results show that the average precision of our AlgaeMask in the tasks of mask segmentation and box detection can reach 44.22% and 48.13%, respectively, which has 15.09% and 8.24% improvement over CenterMask. In addition, the AlgaeMask can meet the real-time requirements of floating algae detection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-1312
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jmse10081099
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2738390-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Melamine Foam-Derived Carbon Scaffold for Dendrite-Free and Stable Zinc Metal Anode
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Molecules Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2023-02-11), p. 1742-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2023-02-11), p. 1742-
    Abstract: Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) are one of the most promising large-scale energy storage devices due to the excellent characteristics of zinc metal anode, including high theoretical capacity, high safety and low cost. Nevertheless, the large-scale applications of AZIBs are mainly limited by uncontrollable Zn deposition and notorious Zn dendritic growth, resulting in low plating/stripping coulombic efficiency and unsatisfactory cyclic stability. To address these issues, herein, a carbon foam (CF) was fabricated via melamine-foam carbonization as a scaffold for a dendrite-free and stable Zn anode. Results showed that the abundant zincophilicity functional groups and conductive three-dimensional network of this carbon foam could effectively regulate Zn deposition and alleviate the Zn anode’s volume expansion during cycling. Consequently, the symmetric cell with CF@Zn electrode exhibited lower voltage hysteresis (32.4 mV) and longer cycling performance (750 h) than the pure Zn symmetric cell at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, the full battery coupling CF@Zn anode with MnO2 cathode can exhibit a higher initial capacity and better cyclic performance than the one with the bare Zn anode. This work brings a new idea for the design of three-dimensional (3D) current collectors for stable zinc metal anode toward high-performance AZIBs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041742
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seasonal Characteristics of Agricultural Product Circulation Network: A Case Study in Beijing, China
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Agronomy Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2022-11-12), p. 2827-
    Details
    In: Agronomy, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2022-11-12), p. 2827-
    Abstract: Agricultural product circulation is an appropriate way to optimize the distribution of agricultural resources and maintain food safety. The seasonality of agriculture leads to seasonal variations in agricultural product circulation. Previous studies constructed origin–destination networks based on annual statistics to investigate the static structure of agricultural product circulation networks from a single view, failing to capture the seasonal and multi-dimensional characteristics in agricultural product circulation. This study presents a multi-view analytical framework used to investigate the seasonal characteristics of an agricultural product circulation network. First, agricultural product circulation networks in different seasons were constructed with mass freight trajectory data through trajectory mining technology. Then, the seasonal characteristics of agricultural product circulation were, respectively, analyzed from a macro-view (networks), meso-view (edges) and micro-view (nodes). A case study was conducted in Beijing, China. It is argued that: (1) The presented method for extracting agricultural trip chains based on massive freight trajectories is feasible for the construction of agricultural product circulation networks. (2) The agricultural product circulation networks in four seasons exhibit an obvious hierarchical and radial structure. South China has a higher network density in winter and spring, whereas northeast and northwest China are the opposite. (3) A total of 80% of the linkage strength is concentrated, on average, in 35.3% of city-pairs in four seasons, where the agglomeration effect and hub status of the linking cities is more prominent in summer and autumn. (4) A total of 316 cities form Beijing agricultural product circulation networks, 48.1% of which are mainly served by Beijing agricultural product circulation in winter and spring, which is 2.7 times more than cities served in summer and autumn. These findings extend the scientific understanding of the agricultural product supply chain from a dynamic and multi-dimensional view, which provides essential information for optimizing sustainable agri-food systems and ensuring food security.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12112827
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2607043-1
    SSG: 23
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Location Method Using Sensor Arrays for Continuous Gas Leakage in Integrally Stiffened Plates Based on the Acoustic Characteristics of the Stiffener
    MDPI AG ; 2015
    In:  Sensors Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2015-09-23), p. 24644-24661
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2015-09-23), p. 24644-24661
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s150924644
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Safety and Efficacy of Left Atrial Catheter Ablation in Patients with Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Devices
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2022-05-31), p. 3110-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2022-05-31), p. 3110-
    Abstract: Background: Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is an alternative to oral anticoagulation for thromboembolic prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Left atrial (LA) catheter ablation (CA) in patients with LAAO devices has not been well investigated. Here, we report on the safety and efficacy of LA CA in patients with nitinol cage or plug LAAO devices. Methods: A total of 18 patients (aged 67 ± 11 years; 14 males; 5 paroxysmal AF) with LAAO devices (nitinol cage, n = 10; nitinol plug, n = 8) and symptomatic LA tachyarrhythmias were included. Periprocedural and follow-up data were assessed. Results: A total of 20 LA CA procedures were performed at a median of 130 (63, 338) days after LAAO. The strategy of CA consisted of circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (n = 16), linear lesions (n = 14) and complex fractionated atrial electrogram ablation (n = 6). No major adverse events occurred periprocedurally. Repeated transesophageal echocardiography showed no device-related thrombus, newly developed peridevice leakage or device dislodgement. After a median follow-up period of 793 (376, 1090) days, four patients (22%) experienced LA tachyarrhythmias recurrence and two received redo LA CA. No patients suffered stroke or major bleeding events during follow-up. Conclusions: LA CA in patients with LAAO devices (either nitinol cages or nitinol plugs) seems to be safe and efficient in our single-center experience.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm11113110
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Unipolar Electrogram-Guided versus Lesion Size Index-Guided Catheter Ablation in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2022-07-18), p. 229-
    Details
    In: Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2022-07-18), p. 229-
    Abstract: Background: This research explores the relationship between the unipolar electrogram (UP-EGM) and lesion size index (LSI) in different regions of continuous circular lesions (CCLs) and to assess the safety and efficacy of UP-EGM-guided versus LSI-guided radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Methods: A total of 120 patients with drug-refractory PAF who underwent index RFCA were scheduled to be consecutively included from March 2020 to April 2021. All the patients were randomly divided 1:1 into two groups: the UP-EGM group and the LSI group. The first-pass PVI rate, acute PVI rate, and the sinus rhythm maintenance rate were compared. Results: A total of 120 patients with PAF were included in the study: the UP-EGM group (n = 60) and the LSI group (n = 60). All the LSI values in the UP-EGM group were less than those in the corresponding regions in the LSI group (all p 〈 0.001). There were no significant differences in the first-pass PVI rate and acute PVI rate between the two groups. After a mean follow-up period of 11.31 ± 1.70 months, the sinus rhythm maintenance rate in the UP-EGM group was comparable to that in the LSI group (90% vs. 91.7%, p = 0.752). Conclusion: UP-EGM-guided and LSI-guided RFCA are both effective and safe in patients with PAF. However, UP-EGM may be more suitable than LSI for guiding individual RFCA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2308-3425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9070229
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2777082-5
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quantum Circuit Template Matching Optimization Method for Constrained Connectivity
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Axioms Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2023-07-14), p. 687-
    Details
    In: Axioms, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2023-07-14), p. 687-
    Abstract: The execution of quantum algorithms requires two key considerations. On the one hand, it should meet the connectivity constraint requirements of quantum circuit mapping for quantum architectures, and on the other hand, it needs to consider reducing the probability of errors in the execution of quantum circuits as much as possible. This paper proposes a novel optimization technique based on template matching that to satisfy both requirements. The template matching optimization method can significantly reduce the number of gates in a quantum circuit and further enhance its practicality. It stands as advanced optimization technology available today. Our method optimizes quantum logic circuits mapped onto quantum architecture by initially selecting their linear substructure. We then zone the circuit according to the gate dependency graph and optimize each block through template matching. Finally, we reorganize the circuit to obtain the optimized version as the final result. Our proposed method is amenable to various quantum architectures. To evaluate its efficacy, we conduct a comparative analysis with the t|ket⟩ and Qiskit compiler using a set of benchmark test circuits. Specifically, compare to the t|ket⟩ compiler method, the highest average optimization rate of our method can reach 25.75%. Compare with the Qiskit compiler method, the highest average optimization rate can reach 32.72%. Overall, our approach has significant optimization advantages.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1680
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/axioms12070687
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661511-3
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